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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 1010-1018 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The nature of the interaction between the flowing phases in a cocurrent gas-liquid downflow through packed beds depends on the type of the flow regime. The interaction is poor and geometric in nature in gas-continuous flow and becomes high and dynamic in pulse flow due to gas dispersion, acceleration, and mixing of the liquid in the pulses. Models to calculate pressure drop in each of the flow regimes are presented, taking into account the respective interactions. Experimental data on pressure drops and liquid holdups were measured in gas-continuous flow for 3 mm glass spheres and 6 mm Raschig rings. An air-water system is used. The literature data on pressure drops and the experimental data, covering liquid velocities from 0.001 m/s to 0.029 m/s and gas velocities from 0.097 m/s to 2 m/s, were compared with the calculated values. It was found that the pressure drop due to dynamic interaction can be as low as 10% and as much as 80% of the total pressure drop for the data examined in this work. An empirical correlation for holdup in gas-continuous flow is given for Rashig rings.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 1059-1068 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Local instantaneous solid-liquid mass transfer coefficients were measured in two-phase gas-liquid downflow through packed columns for 3 × 3 mm and 6 × 6 mm cylinders. An electrochemical technique was used. Liquid flow rates from 3.0 to 26.6 kg/m2·s and gas flow rates from 0.07 to 1.16 kg/m2·s covered the gas-continuous, ripple, and pulse flow regimes. Time-averaged mass transfer coefficients in trickle flow and in pulse flow for the pulse proper and the base (outside the pulse) were found to increase with increasing gas and liquid rates. Correlations are presented in terms of liquid phase Reynolds numbers and in terms of Kolmogoroff numbers. The mass transfer coefficients in the pulse were found to correspond closely to the coefficients that would be attained in the dispersed bubble flow regime.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 1157-1163 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The understanding of the mechanism of wall-to-bed heat and mass transfer in liquid-fluidized beds requires knowledge of the effect of the motion of individual particles on transfer processes. Experimental studies on the enhancement in mass transfer due to motion of a particle in the proximity of the transfer surface are presented. Mathematical relations based on a mechanistic model are obtained to describe the variation of the enhanced rate with time. The model parameters are correlated in terms of the particle Reynolds number, the wall-to-particle distance, and an interaction parameter that accounts for the background fluid motion. The results of this work would be of use in modeling transfer processes in other liquid-solid systems.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 483-489 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study concerns rates of evaporation and mass transfer of water vapor from a heated salt solution through a water repellent porous membrane to a cooled water condensate. This transfer is a result of temperature differences and corresponding vapor pressure differences across the membrane. Three groups of experiments were carried out which indicate that the major factor influencing the rates of transfer is diffusion through a stagnant gas in the membrane pores. However, an equation considering film heat transfer coefficients, membrane thermal conductivity, and an empiricial correction based on temperature driving force appears to be necessary for representing all the data. The empirical correction appears to be related to internal condensation and possibly diffusion along surfaces.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 13 (1967), S. 397-400 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 11 (1965), S. 741-742 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 12 (1991), S. 48-56 
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Experiments were conducted to determine the dependence of the interfacial shear strength on the bulk material matrix properties using model compounds based on epoxy/amine chemistry. AS4, carbon fibers were used as the subject for these measurements with both a difunctional epoxy (DGEBA) system as well as a tetrafunctional epoxy (MY720) system. Amine curing agents were carefully chosen to produce matrices which produced a range of matrix properties from brittle, elastic to ductile, plastic. The fiber-matrix interfacial chemistry was constant throughout this study by always using a stoichiometric amount of curing agent. The results indicate that, for both the difunctional as well as the tetrafunctional epoxy system, the interfacial shear strength (as determined by the fragmentation test) decreases nonlinearly with decreasing modulus of the matrix. Linear elastic analysis yields a nearly linear relationship, for both systems, between the interfacial shear strength and the product of strain to final break and the square root of the matrix shear modulus. A linear relationship is also found between the difference in test temperature and glass transition temperature of the cured matrix and the interfacial shear strength. Additionally, the failure mode is seen to remain interfacial as the ductility of the matrix changes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A method has been developed for studying the distribution of fillers and reinforcement in polymer composites by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). Conventional methods for such studies are based on the morphological examination of the contrast in the micrographs, which indicates the presence and distribution of reinforcement in a matrix. However, in case of hybrid composites, where two or more fillers of similar morphology are present, the conventional methods fail. The approach described here overcomes this limitation and provides a new semiquantitative method of identification of fillers in composites, especially those containing two or more fillers of similar morphology.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Plant/Operations Progress 5 (1986), S. 116-121 
    ISSN: 0278-4513
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An operational upset caused by a diapharagm failure in the high pressure casting of the synthesis gas compressor resulted in major pressure/flow surges in the synthesis loop.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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