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  • 1995-1999  (92)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New electron irradiation induced electron trap in epitaxially grown Si-doped n-GaAs (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3277-3279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The defects induced by electron irradiation in epitaxially grown Si-doped n-GaAs were investigated by deep level transient spectroscopy. In addition to observing the well-known E1–E3 radiation induced defects, we detected another electron trap, Eβ3, with electronic properties, although similar to those of E3, not identical. Eβ3 is metastable and thus its energy level can be reproducibly removed by hole injection at 90–130 K and reintroduced by annealing above 160 K. We could induce Eβ3 by electron irradiation in Si-doped GaAs, but not in undoped GaAs. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115219
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE PHYSIOLOGY OF PARATHYROID HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN: An Emerging Role as a Developmental Factor (1998)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 60 (1998), S. 431-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is the agent responsible for humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Its pathogenic role in this syndrome is well established, and attention has focused in recent years on the elucidation of the roles played by PTHrP in normal developmental and adult physiology. This review focuses on studies of the past two years: (a) elucidation of the posttranslational processing pattern of PTHrP, the mechanisms of action of the various secretory forms of PTHrP, the role of PTHrP as an intracrine regulator of cell growth and cell death; (b) the emergence of PTHrP as a critical developmental factor in the mammary gland, epidermis, and the skeleton; and (c) the advances in understanding of the roles of PTHrP in the regulation of pancreatic islet mass, vascular smooth muscle tone and proliferation, and materno-fetal calcium transfer across the placenta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.60.1.431
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PCR-based sex test for Xiphophorus maculatus (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A simple reliable PCR-based sex test for the platyfish Xiphophorus maculatus is described using sex chromosome-linked molecular markers. The test can distinguish sexes prior to dimorphic differentiation without killing the fish. The method also has potential in identification of male and female embryos prior to birth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1999.tb00626.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological control of Botrytis stem infection of greenhouse tomatoes (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 45 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Botrytis cinerea infects stem wounds of greenhouse tomatoes and can cause serious economic losses. A bioassay using stem sections was developed to study wound infection and to screen potential fungal antagonists for activity against BotrytisCladosporium cladosporioides reduced infection from 80–100% to 0–10%. A much smaller proportion of Trichoderma harzianum gave this reduction. Similar results were obtained on whole plants. Penicillium isolates varied widely in activity. The concentration of Cladosporium and Trichoderma which gave the highest level of protection was c. 108 cfu/mL. When only half the wound was treated, simulating poor spray coverage, Cladosporium isolates still prevented infection. By contrast, Trichoderma isolates and four fungicides failed to give the same level of protection. The ability of certain fungal isolates to colonize the wound surface was thought to be partly responsible for this activity. The successful application of antagonists to whole plants using both aqueous suspensions and gel secateurs is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1996.d01-119.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of inoculum concentration, relative humidity, and temperature on infection of greenhouse tomatoes by Botrytis cinerea (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science
    Plant pathology 45 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Botrytis cinerea causes serious crop losses in greenhouse tomato crops through infection of flowers and stem wounds. Experiments were carried out to determine the effects of inoculum concentration, relative humidity (RH), and temperature at these two infection sites. Infection of permanent flower parts increased as a function of inoculum concentration and both length of exposure to high RH (approximately 100% for 0–36 h) and specified continuous RH (56–100%). A low level of infection was still evident under continuous 56% RH. Interruption of periods of high RH with breaks of low RH did not reduce infection. Infection of stem wounds was less dependent on inoculum concentration or RH. Factorial combinations of inoculum concentration, RH, and temperature produced significant interactions. Higher temperature increased infection of flowers but reduced infection of stem wounds. The main implications for control in commercial crops are as follows. Lowering the aerial spore concentration by maintaining the disease at a low level will reduce flower infection. Lowering RH will reduce but not eliminate flower infection but will have only a small effect on stem infection. Raising the temperature (from 15 to 25°C) will reduce stem infection, and whilst flower infection increases, this is counteracted by increased flower production and a decrease in the proportion of infections reaching the peduncle and stem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.1996.d01-163.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new logic for DNA engineering using recombination in Escherichia coli (1998)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 20 (1998), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] A straightforward way to engineer DNA in E. coli using homologous recombination is described. The homologous recombination reaction uses RecE and RecT and is transferable between E. coli strains. Several target molecules were manipulated, including high copy plasmids, a large episome and the E. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2417
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved properties of FLP recombinase evolved by cycling mutagenesis (1998)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 16 (1998), S. 657-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] The site-specific recombinases FLP and Cre are useful for genomic engineering in many living systems. Manipulation of their enzymatic properties offers a means to improve their applicability in different host organisms. We chose to manipulate the thermolabilty of FLP recombinase. A lacZ-based ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0798-657
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GABA B receptors function as a heteromeric assembly of the subunits GABA B R1 and GABA B R2 (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 396 (1998), S. 674-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The principal inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) exerts its effects through two ligand-gated channels, GABAA and GABAC receptors, and a third receptor, GABAB (ref. 1), which acts through G proteins to regulate potassium and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/25348
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Approximate elongation flow properties utilising the opposed orifice technique – Correction for shear and inertia (1998)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 37 (1998), S. 214-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Key words Opposed orifice ; elongation flow ; extensional flow ; elongation viscosity ; elongational viscosity ; extensional viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mackay et al. (1995) have presented an approximate technique to determine the elongation viscosity from pressure drop measurements in a simple stagnation flow device. In the present paper we describe experiments using a high viscosity Newtonian oil, aimed at probing some of the assumptions made by Mackay et al. We find that Trouton ratios calculated using the original analysis are well above the value of three expected for Newtonian fluids. Finite element simulations of the flow field show this is due to the net pressure drop having a substantial shear contribution, which should be corrected for before the Trouton ratios are evaluated. Interestingly, most of the shear correction is due to shear on the inside of the orifice near the exit from the central flow region. The shear contribution to the pressure drop occurs for all flow rates, however, at large flow rates there is also an inertial correction to the pressure drop. In this paper we describe an approximate method that corrects for both shear and inertial effects. With these effects recognised and corrected for, the measured Trouton ratios are reduced to around three.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003970050109
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the existence of small comets and their interactions with planets (1996)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 72 (1996), S. 243-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: Comets ; small ; search program ; planets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Arguments are presented for a substantial, unexplored population of comets with radii less than 1 km. Known examples confirm this population and extrapolation of any plausible size-distribution function indicates large numbers. However, their accurate numbers, orbital characteristics, and physical properties are unknown. Thus, even though the small comets may be the most frequent cometary bodies impacting the planets, a quantitative evaluation is not currently possible. We advocate an optimized, dedicated search program to characterize this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00117524
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