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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic and transport measurements of Tl-1223 superconductors (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 5287-5292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic measurements have been performed on silver clad Tl-1223 and Tl-2223 tapes and a Tl-1223 single crystal to study the critical current properties of these samples. The Tl-1223 tape is shown by both magnetic and transport experiments to exhibit a highly granular nature, much more severe than that seen in the Tl-2223 tape, and in Bi-2223 tapes fabricated by similar rolling and pressing techniques. This characteristic is explained in terms of the poor grain alignment in the Tl-1223 tape resulting from the spherical morphology of Tl-1223 powders, in contrast with the micaceous and easily aligned Bi-2223 and Bi-2212 materials. However, evidence of a small number of strong intergrain links which remain superconducting at 77 K and 8 T is clear. The Tl-1223 single crystal exhibits clear anisotropic behavior, and this, together with the lack of good crystallographic alignment in the tapes is used to explain the variations in irreversibility line behavior between sample forms. The ratio of the irreversibility fields measured with field parallel and perpendicular to the ab plane is approximately 8. A clear "fish tail'' feature is also observed in magnetic hysteresis curves obtained from the Tl-1223 single crystal. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359282
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INITIATION AND GROWTH OF SMALL CRACKS IN DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED MAR-M247 UNDER CREEP-FATIGUE PART II: EFFECT OF ANGLE NETWEEN STRESS AXIS AND SOLIDIFICATION DIRECTION (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper deals with the effect of anisotropy on fracture processes of a directionally solidified superalloy, Mar-M247, under a push–pull creep-fatigue condition at high-temperature. Three kinds of specimen were cut from a cast plate such that their axes possess angles of 0°, 45° and 90° with respect to the 〈001〉 orientation that is aligned parallel to the solidification direction (also to the grain boundaries and primary dendrite axis); these specimens being denoted the 0° specimen, the 45° specimen, and the 90° specimen, respectively. The tests were conducted at 1273 K (1000 °C) in air under equal magnitudes of the range of a ΔJ-related parameter, ΔWc , which represents the driving force for crack growth in creep-fatigue. Although the grain boundaries are macroscopically parallel to the solidification direction, they are wavy or serrated microscopically. Small cracks nucleate along parts of the grain boundaries perpendicular to the stress axis in all specimens. The 90° specimen has the shortest crack initiation life and the 0° specimen has the longest. In the 90° and 45° specimens, intergranular cracks continue to nucleate and a main crack is formed along the grain boundary due to the frequent coalescence of small cracks. In the 0° specimen, cracks grow into the grain, and transgranular cracks coalesce along the primary dendrite or grain boundary. The 0° specimen exhibits the slowest crack growth rate and the 90° specimen the fastest. These differences in the initiation and growth behaviour of small cracks cause the longest failure life in the 0° specimen and the shortest in the 90° specimen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.1998.00454.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INITIATION AND GROWTH OF SMALL CRACKS IN DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED MAR-M247 UNDER CREEP-FATIGUE. PART I: EFFECT OF MICROSTRUCTURE (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper deals with the initiation and growth of small cracks in a directionally solidified superalloy, Mar-M247.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.1998.00540.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-Irradiaton Induced Defects in Fe-Doped Semi-Insulating InP (1995)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 196-201 (Nov. 1995), p. 1443-1448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/01/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.196-201.1443.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunological diagnosis of Werner syndrome by down-regulated and truncated gene products (1999)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 105 (1999), S. 301-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Although immunological methods are widely used to diagnose various infectious diseases, they have rarely been employed to detect genetic diseases. In this study, we have established an immunoblot analysis system for the diagnosis of Werner syndrome (WS), a recessive genetic disorder causing premature aging and an enhanced risk of rare cancers. The method uses an immunoblot technique with specific monoclonal antibodies to WS gene product, and B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) transformed by Epstein-Barr virus; these cell lines express an increased level of normal WS gene product DNA helicase. The method clearly distinguishes normal from patient LCLs containing any of the mutation types found so far in Japan, primarily because of the drastically reduced levels of mutated gene products, and secondarily because of the truncated product sizes. A comparison of this immunological diagnosis with the symptom-based clinical diagnosis has narrowed down the criteria of symptoms essential for WS diagnosis. This procedure is compatible with, and has some advantage over, the genetic method, because WS patients can be diagnosed without determining the mutated gene sequences. The method exemplified in WS may also be applied to detect some other genetic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004399900151
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    degenerative spermatocyte, a novel gene encoding a transmembrane protein required for the initiation of meiosis in Drosophila spermatogenesis (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 253 (1996), S. 157-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Drosophila ; Spermatogenesis ; Primary spermatocyte ; Meiosis ; Transmembrane protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We have identified a novel Drosophila gene, degenerative spermatocyte (des), that may be required for the initiation of meiosis in spermatogenesis. In des mutant testes, the primary spermatocytes become mature in size but degenerate without initiating meiotic chromosome condensation in their nuclei. We have mapped the locus of the des gene at 26A on the left arm of the second chromosome, and identified two related, differentially spliced transcripts (des-1, des-2) from the locus. The genomic DNA fragment encoding both transcripts is able to rescue the des phenotype when introduced into mutant flies. The expression of the des-1 transcript is significantly suppressed in the des mutant testes, whereas expression of the des-2 transcript is undetectable in both wild-type and mutant testes, indicating that the des-1 transcript encodes the des function in spermatogenesis. The des-1 transcript is selectively expressed in primary spermatocytes during normal spermatogenesis. The nucleotide sequence of the des-1 transcript predicts that it encodes a novel transmembrane protein. These results raise the possibility that the des gene product may be required for interactions between primary spermatocytes and surrounding somatic cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050308
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Learning model for adaptive behaviors as an organized group of swarm robots (1998)
    Springer
    Artificial life and robotics 2 (1998), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1614-7456
    Keywords: Organizational learning ; Collective adaptive behavior ; Reinforcement learning ; Self-evaluation ; Emergence ; Multiple robots
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a novel organizational learning model for multiple adaptive robots. In this model, robots acquire their own appropriate functions through local interactions among their neighbors, and get out of deadlock situations without explicit control mechanisms or communication methods. Robots also complete given tasks by forming an organizational structure, and improve their organizational performance. We focus on the emergent processes of collective behaviors in multiple robots, and discuss how to control these behaviors with only local evaluation functions, rather than with a centralized control system. Intensive simulations of truss construction by multiple robots gave the following experimental results: (1) robots in our model acquire their own appropriate functions and get out of deadlock situations without explicit control mechanisms or communication methods; (2) robots form an organizational structure which completes given tasks in fewer steps than are needed with a centralized control mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471168
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface Tension of HFC Refrigerant Mixtures (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 20 (1999), S. 119-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: differential capillary-rise method ; mixtures ; R-410A ; R-410B ; R-407C ; R-404A ; R-507 ; refrigerants ; surface tension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The surface tension of refrigerant mixtures, i.e., R-410A (50 mass% R-32/50 mass% R-125), R-410B (45 mass% R-32/55 mass% R-125), R-407C (23 mass% R-32/25 mass% R-125/52 mass% R-134a), R-404A (44 mass% R-125/52 mass% R-143a/4 mass% R-134a), and R-507 (50 mass% R-125/50 mass% R-143a), has been measured and correlated in the present study. Although the first three mixtures are very important as promising replacements for R-22 in air-conditioners and heat-pumps and the last two are promising replacements for R-502, surface tension data for these mixtures were not previously available. The measurements were conducted under conditions of coexistence of the sample liquid and its saturated vapor in equilibrium. The differential capillary rise method (DCRM) was used, with two glass capillaries with inner radii of 0.3034±0.0002 and 0.5717±0.0002 mm. The temperature range covered was from 273 to 323 K, and the uncertainty of measurements for surface tensions and temperatures is estimated to be at most ±0.2 mN·m−1 and ±20 mK, respectively. A mixing rule was selected for representing the temperature dependence of the resultant data. These data were successfully represented by a mixing rule using mass fraction based on the van der Waals correlation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021482231102
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental surface tensions for HFC-32, HCFC-124, HFC-125, HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b, and HFC-152a (1995)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 16 (1995), S. 791-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: differential capillary-rise method ; HFC-32 ; HCFC-124 ; HFC-125 ; HCFC-141b ; HCFC-1426 ; HFC-152a ; refrigerants ; surface tension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The surface tension of six alternative refrigerants, i.e., HFC-32 (CH, F, ). HCFC-124 (CHClFCF,), HFC-125 (CHF2CF3). HCFC-14lb ICH,CCI,F). HCFC-142b (CH3CCIF2), and HFC-152a (CH3CHF2), has been measured in the present study. The measurements were conducted under equilibrium conditions between the liquid and its saturated vapor. The differential capillary-rise method (DORM) used two glass capillaries, with inner radii of 0.3034 ± 0.0002 and 0.5717 ±0.0002 mm, respectively. Temperatures in the range from 270 to 340 K were considered. The accuracy of surface tension measurements is estimated to be within ±0.2 mN · m−1. The temperatures are accurate to within ±20 mK. The temperature dependence of the resultant data were successfully represented by van der Waals' correlations to within ±(1.1 mN m−1 for each substance. Available surface tension data are compared with the present data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01438864
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex formation between poly(oxytrimethylene) and cyclodextrins (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 46 (1995), S. 453-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(oxytrimethylene) (POT) has been found to form inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins to give crystalline compounds in high yields. The yields of the complexes of POT with α-cyclodextrin increased with increase in the molecular weight of POT, reached a maximum at a molecular weight of about 1000, and then decreased with the molecular weight. The stoichiometries are 1:1.5-2 (CD:monomer unit) when the molecular weight of POT is less than 2000. β-Cyclodextrin gave complexes with POT in a 1:2-2.5 ratio when the average molecular weights were less than 2000. When the molecular weight of the polymer was higher than 3000, the ratio of the monomer unit to cyclodextrin increased with increase in the molecular weight. The binding modes are discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1995.010460608
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