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1

Electronic Resource

Real-time, interferometrically measuring atomic force microscope for direct calibration of standards (1999)

Gonda, S. ; Doi, T. ; Kurosawa, T. ; [et al.]

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 3362-3368

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ISSN: 1089-7623

Source: AIP Digital Archive

Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology

Notes: An atomic force microscope with a high-resolution three-axis laser interferometer for real-time correction of distorted topographic images has been constructed and investigated. With this apparatus, standard samples for a scanning probe microscope can be directly calibrated on the basis of stabilized wavelength of He–Ne lasers. The scanner includes a three-sided mirror block as a mobile target mirror for the interferometer, which realizes a rectangular coordinate system. The position coordinates of the sample is independently and simultaneously acquired with high-resolution (0.04 nm) X/Y/Z interferometer units and fed back for XY servo scanning and height image construction. The probe is placed on the sample surface at the intersection of the three optical axes of the interferometer with good reproducibility, so that the Abbe error caused by the rotation of the scanner is minimized. Image distortion in the XY plane and vertical overshoot/undershoot due to nonlinear motion of piezo devices, hysteresis, and creep are eliminated. The optical properties of the interferometers, mechanical characteristics of the scanner, and system performances in dimensional measurements for calibration standards are demonstrated. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149920

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2

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Far-wing excitation study on the transit region of Hg 3P1→3P0 intramultiplet process in collisions with N2 and CO (1995)

Ohmori, K. ; Kurosawa, T. ; Chiba, H. ; [et al.]

College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 7341-7350

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ISSN: 1089-7690

Source: AIP Digital Archive

Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Laser-pump and probe approach has been applied to the far wings of Hg 3P1−1S0 resonance line broadened by collisions with N2 and CO to measure excitation spectra for the formation of Hg(6 3P0) and Hg(6 3P1). The excitation spectra are highly asymmetric with the red wing being much more extended than the blue wing. The absolute ratio of nascent yields of Hg 3P0 to 3P1 is determined as a function of the excitation wave number. From these measurements, it is found, commonly for Hg–N2 and Hg–CO systems, that (a) the nascent product ratio, Hg(3P0)/Hg(3P1), grows on the red-wing surface (the A˜ state) with increasing shift, Δν, of the excitation wave number from the line center and finally surpasses unity; (b) the blue-wing surface (the B˜ state) gives mostly Hg(3P1) but has a small chance to give Hg(3P0). Time constant τ0 for the A˜→3P0 process of Hg–N2 is found to change from 17 to 35 ns as the absorption distance Rc between Hg and N2 changes from 3.6 to 4.7 A(ring). From these values of τ0, the transition probability P(A˜→3P0) for a single approach of Hg–N2 to the turning point region is estimated to be about 3.7×10−5. The transition probability P(B˜→3P0) is about 270 times larger than P(A˜→3P0).CO is about 20 times more effective than N2 for the B˜→3P0 process. The Rc dependence of τ0 can be qualitatively explained by the vibrational frequencies of the bound A˜ state and the Franck–Condon factor between the bound A˜ state and the free (repulsive) a˜ state arising from Hg(3P0)+N2. These findings suggest that the direct A˜→a˜ transition is realized in these Hg–N2 and Hg–CO collisions. This gives a remarkable contrast to Hg-atom collisions, where the A→3P0 process is parity-forbidden due to the 0+ and 0− characters of the A and a states, respectively. The coupling mechanisms for the A˜→a˜ and B˜→a˜ transitions in Hg–N2 collisions are discussed in detail. The theoretical estimate of the A˜→a˜ transition probability is made to be compared with the experimental value. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.469046

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3

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c←X laser excitation spectrum of the Hg–Ar vdW complex (1998)

Amano, K. ; Ohmori, K. ; Kurosawa, T. ; [et al.]

College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 8110-8113

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ISSN: 1089-7690

Source: AIP Digital Archive

Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: We have measured the c(v′=0−8)–X(v″=0) laser excitation spectrum of the Hg–Ar van der Waals complex. This corresponds to the first observation of the bound Hg–rare-gas complex in the dark c state. In this measurement, we employ the sequence of two laser pulses; the complex is excited by the first one to the dark bound level in the c state and then successively excited by the second one to another bright state for the optical detection. The Birge–Sponer (BS) plot of the v′ progression is well fitted by a straight line, suggesting that the c-state potential curve of Hg–Ar is well approximated by the Morse function. The linear fitting of this BS plot gives the potential parameters for the c state. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.476250

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4

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Collision induced absorption in mercury–rare-gas collisions (1998)

Kurosawa, T. ; Ohmori, K. ; Chiba, H. ; [et al.]

College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 8101-8109

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ISSN: 1089-7690

Source: AIP Digital Archive

Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: The far-wing excitation and probe technique is applied to observe quasimolecular absorption bands on the blue side of the Hg 6 1S0–6 3P2 atomic line for the Hg–Ar, Hg–Kr, and Hg–Xe mixtures. It is found that the excitation of this band is followed predominantly by a rapid elastic half-collision scattering on the excited state potential yielding the nascent product state Hg(3P2). This gives direct evidence of the assignment of the absorption to the c 31→X 10 collision induced dipole transition of the Hg–rare-gas quasimolecules. A chance of nonadiabatic transition from the c state is negligibly small compared to the elastic scattering. Analytical procedures are presented to deduce the c–X transition dipole moment from the relevant potential energy curves by making use of the Hund's coupling schemes of the molecular electronic states. The c–X transition dipole moment is estimated as a function of the internuclear distance and is incorporated into the analysis of the observed band profiles. The potential energy curves of the c, A 30+, and B 31 states are also estimated from the analysis for Hg–Ar and Hg–Kr. The Hg–Xe system shows a small undulation in the c→X band suggesting that it involves a satellite structure due to an extremum of the c–X difference potential. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.476249

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5

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Phylogenetic relationships withinTaenia taeniaeformis variants and other taeniid cestodes inferred from the nucleotide sequence of the cytochromec oxidase subunit I gene (1995)

Okamoto, M. ; Bessho, Y. ; Kamiya, M. ; [et al.]

Springer

Parasitology research 81 (1995), S. 451-458

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ISSN: 1432-1955

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract Nucleotide sequence variations in a region of the mitochondrial cytochromec oxidase subunit I (COI) gene (391 bp) were examined within seven species of the genusTaenia and two species of the genusEchinococcus, including ten isolates ofT. taeniaeformis and six isolates ofE. multilocularis. More than a 12% rate of nucleotide differences between taeniid species was found, allowing the species to be distinguished. InE. multilocularis, no sequence variation was observed among isolates, regardless of the host (gray red-backed vole, tundra vole, pig, Norway rat) or area (Japan, Alaska) from which each metacestode had been isolated. In contrast, six distinct sequences were detected among the tenT. taeniaeformis isolates examined. The level of nucleotide variation in the COI gene withinT. taeniaeformis isolates except for one isolate from the gray red-backed vole (TtACR), which has been proposed as a distinct strain or a different species, was about 0.3%–4.1%, whereas the COI gene sequence for TtACR differed from those of the other isolates, with levels being 9.0%–9.5%. Phylogenetic trees were then inferred from these sequence data using two different algorithms.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931785

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6

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Serum fromTheileria sergenti-infected cattle accelerates the clearance of bovine erythrocytes in SCID mice (1995)

Hagiwara, K. ; Tsuji, M. ; Ishihara, C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Parasitology research 81 (1995), S. 470-474

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ISSN: 1432-1955

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract Anemia is a major clinical sign of Japanese bovine theileriosis caused byTheileria sergenti. To investigate the possible factors causing anemia in cattle, we developed a clearance test for bovine erythrocytes (Bo-RBC) in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Clearance of Bo-RBC in the SCID mice was significantly accelerated when the mice were inoculated with a serum sample obtained from an infected calf during a highly parasitized phase but not when they were injected with a serum sample obtained during the convalescence phase. Acceleration of the clearance of Bo-RBC was also observed in mice treated with merozoite extract. Furthermore, the clearance of Bo-RBC that had been treated with merozoite extract was accelerated. A significant hemolytic activity in infected serum (highly parasitezed phase) was observed. Activities sufficient to accelerate the clearance of Bo-RBC in SCID mice and to induce in vitro hemolysis of Bo-RBC were also observed with a merozoite extract fromT. sergenti. The results suggest a possible linkage between the in vitro hemolysis of Bo-RBC and the acceleration of Bo-RBC clearance in SCID mice.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00931788

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7

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Measurement of30Si as a tracer by neutron-induced prompt gamma-ray analysis (1997)

Yoshikawa, H. ; Yonezawa, C. ; Kurosawa, T. ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 215 (1997), S. 95-101

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ISSN: 1588-2780

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Notes: Abstract The application of stable isotope analysis using neutron-induced prompt γ-ray analysis (PGA) with cold/thermal neutron beams for the tracer study of geological materials are discussed. Silicon has three natural isotopes differing in abundance:28Si (92.23%),29Si (4.67%) and30Si (3.10%). For the purpose of the assessment of Si migration in engineered barrier material, enriched30Si can be used as a tracer due to its nuclear and chemical properties. Isotope analysis of30Si was performed by PGA during the tracer study. Neutron intensity at the sample position was 1.4·108 n¢cm−2·s−1, 2.4·107 n·cm−2·s−1 for cold and themal neutron guided beams of JRR-3M, respectively. Calibration curves and analytical sensitivity of30Si were determined based on measurement of standard samples. BG and detection limits for30Si analysis were also measured in Japanese bentonite (Kunigel V1 and Kunipia F) and their pore water. Fiffteen elements were determined simultaneously using PGA.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02109884

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