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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro and in vivo expression studies of yopE from Yersinia enterocolitica using the gfp reporter gene (1998)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 30 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The Yersinia outer protein YopE belongs to the translocated effector proteins of pathogenic yersiniae. We constructed various truncated yopE genes fused to gfp (encoding the green fluorescent protein) to study yopE gene expression and YopE–GFP translocation of Y. enterocolitica in cell culture and mouse infection models. The hybrid gene fusions were co-expressed in Y. enterocolitica (i) on a low-copy plasmid in the presence of the virulence plasmid pYV08 (in trans configuration) and (ii) after co-integration by homologous recombination of a yopE–gfp-carrying suicide plasmid into pYV08 (co-integrate configuration). After 30 min of infection of HEp-2 cell monolayers, extracellularly located yersiniae began to emit green fluorescence after excitation. In contrast, internalized bacteria were weakly fluorescent. Translocation of YopE–GFP into HEp-2 cells by attached yersiniae was visualized by optical sectioning of fluorescent HEp-2 cells using confocal laser scanning microscopy and was confirmed by immunoprecipitation of cytosolic YopE–GFP from selectively solubilized HEp-2 cells. The co-translocation of other Yops was not significantly impaired by YopE–GFP as shown by YopH/YopE-mediated suppression of the oxidative burst of infected neutrophils. The time course of yopE–gfp expression (in trans as well as in the co-integrate configuration) in the HEp-2 cell infection model as well as after in vitro induction was studied using a highly sensitive CCD camera and a flow cytometer. Similar results were obtained with a YopE–LUC (firefly luciferase) protein fusion as reporter. After intraperitoneal, intravenous and orogastrical infection of Balb/c mice with the recombinant yersiniae strains, green fluorescing bacteria could be visualized microscopically in the peritoneum, the spleen, the liver and in the Peyer's patches. However, only weakly fluorescent yersiniae were observed in the intestinal lumen. These results were quantified by flow cytometric measurements. The application of gfp as a reporter gene turned out to be promising for the study of protein translocation by protein type III secretion systems and differential virulence gene expression in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.01128.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the solar cycle dependence of winds and planetary waves as seen from mid-latitude D1 LF mesopause region wind measurements (1998)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 16 (1998), S. 1534-1543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics ; Middle atmosphere dynamics Multiple regression analysis Quasi-2-day wave
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract At the Collm Observatory of the University of Leipzig LF D1 low-frequency total reflection nighttime wind measurements have been carried out continuously for more than two decades. Using a multiple regression analysis to derive prevailing winds, tides and the quasi-2-day wave from the half-hourly mean values of the horizontal wind components, monthly mean values of mesopause wind parameters are obtained that can be analysed with respect to long-term trends and influences of solar variability. The response of the prevailing wind to the 11-year solar cycle differs throughout the year. While in winter no significant correlation between the zonal prevailing wind and solar activity is found, in spring and summer a negative correlation between the TWC can be seen from the measurements. This is connected with stronger vertical gradients of the zonal prevailing wind during solar maximum than during solar minimum. Since the amplitude of the quasi-2-day wave is dependent on the zonal mean wind vertical gradient, this is connected with a positive correlation between solar activity and quasi-two-day wave activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-1534-3
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  • 3
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    On the life of Descartes and his method of rightly conducting the reason and seeking truth in the sciences (1999)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-31
    Print ISSN: 1063-7869
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-4780
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 4
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    The Tranquilizing Injection of Yersinia Proteins: A Pathogens Strategy to Resist Host Defense (1999)
    De Gruyter
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1431-6730
    Electronic ISSN: 1437-4315
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by De Gruyter
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  • 5
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    On the solar cycle dependence of winds and planetary waves as seen from mid-latitude D1 LF mesopause region wind measurements (1998)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-12-31
    Description: At the Collm Observatory of the University of Leipzig LF D1 low-frequency total reflection night-time wind measurements have been carried out continuously for more than two decades. Using a multiple regression analysis to derive prevailing winds, tides and the quasi-2-day wave from the half-hourly mean values of the horizontal wind components, monthly mean values of mesopause wind parameters are obtained that can be analysed with respect to long-term trends and influences of solar variability. The response of the prevailing wind to the 11-year solar cycle differs throughout the year. While in winter no significant correlation between the zonal prevailing wind and solar activity is found, in spring and summer a negative correlation between the TWC can be seen from the measurements. This is connected with stronger vertical gradients of the zonal prevailing wind during solar maximum than during solar minimum. Since the amplitude of the quasi-2-day wave is dependent on the zonal mean wind vertical gradient, this is connected with a positive correlation between solar activity and quasi-two-day wave activity.Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics · Middle atmosphere dynamics Multiple regression analysis Quasi-2-day wave
    Print ISSN: 0992-7689
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0576
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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