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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of unknown x-ray diffraction peaks from incommensurate superlattices (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 423-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Unexpected x-ray diffraction peaks have been observed in some thin film modulated structures in which each constituent element has a nonintegral number of atomic layers. The origin of these peaks has not been clearly identified. The positions and intensities of these peaks were analyzed by numerical calculation from a model superlattice. The results indicate that the positions of the anomalous peaks are caused by a new long range periodicity due to the nonintegral number of atomic layers of each constituent element and that the intensities of the anomalous peaks are determined by the interfacial structure between the two different kinds of atomic layers. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359346
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-formed InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot superlattice and direct observation on strain distribution in the capped superlattice (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 2440-2442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have demonstrated a 20 period dislocation-free InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot superlattice which is self-formed by the strain from the superlattice taken as a whole rather than by the strain from the strained single layer. The island formation does not take place while growing the corresponding strained single layer. From the variation of the average dot height in each layer, the strain distribution and relaxation process in the capped superlattice have been examined. It is found that the strain is not uniformly distributed and the greatest strains occur at two interfaces between the superlattice and the substrate and the cap layer in the capped superlattice. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118896
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An SRRC elliptically polarizing undulator prototype to examine mechanical design feasibility and magnetic field performance (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 420-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In this work, a 1 m long Sasaki-type elliptically polarizing undulator (EPU) prototype with 5.6 cm period length is used to examine the mechanical design feasibility as well as magnetic field performance. The magnetic field characteristics of the EPU5.6 prototype at various phase shifts and gap motion are described. The field errors from mechanical tolerances, magnet block errors, end field effects and phase/gap motion effects are analysed. The procedures related to correcting the field with the block position tuning, iron shimming and the trim blocks at both ends are outlined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049597015756
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advanced field-measurement method with three orthogonal Hall probes for an elliptically polarizing undulator (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 471-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A three-orthogonal-Hall-probe assembly with an `on the fly' mapping method has been developed to characterize an elliptically polarizing undulator (EPU). The underlying design concept is that it can measure the three real field components without any field correction under a reliable and synchronization measurement method. Therefore, the relative central position shift, orthogonal angle and the planar Hall effect error between the three Hall probes should be calibrated and readjusted. Experimental results demonstrate that this method can yield an r.m.s. reproducibility of 10 G cm for the three field components and 2 G for the peak field strength. Under precision conditions this system can completely measure the three on-axis field components within 2 min for a 4 m-long EPU.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049597013691
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of magnets with non-unit magnetic permeability on an elliptically polarizing undulator (1998)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 5 (1998), S. 478-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: This study employs the three-dimensional magnetostatic code TOSCA to assess numerically the effects of NdFeB magnets with non-unit magnetic permeability on an elliptically polarizing undulator. A reduction of a few percent of the on-axis magnetic field strength is predicted. In addition, a deviation of ±100 G cm uncompensated dipole steering is predicted in a phase shift of 180° for the elliptically polarizing undulator EPU5.6 (having a period length of 56 mm) at the minimum gap of 18 mm, which is related primarily to the configuration of the device end scheme. Results presented herein demonstrate that implementing an active compensation mechanism is a prerequisite for minimizing the orbit distortion during phase-shift adjustment, particularly for operating such a polarizing undulator in a third-generation machine having a median energy similar to that of the 1.5 GeV storage ring at SRRC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049597015744
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A structural characterization of AlN thin film deposited on a single crystal Al2O3(0 0 0 1) substrate (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 16 (1997), S. 1457-1459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018542217877
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of nonequilibrium effects in a high-velocity nitrogen-hydrogen plasma jet (1995)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 16 (1995), S. S5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract A numerical simulation has been performed of a high-velocity nitrogen hydrogen plasma jet in air at atmospheric pressure including finite-rate chemical kinetics. Ions, electrons, and neutral atoms and molecules are treated as separate species in the plasma mixture. The chemical reactions considered are dissociation of molecular species, ionization of atomic species, charge exchange and dissociatioe recombination of nitrogen, and hydrogen-oxygen reactions. The calculational results show that strong departures from ionization and dissociation equilibrium develop in the downstream region as the chemical reactions freeze out at lower temperatures, in spite of the assumed chemical equilibrium at the nozzle exit. The calculations also show that ionized species are over-populated throughout the flow, while dissociated species in the core of the jet are underpopulated near the nozzle exit and become over-populated farther downstream. This initial underpopulation is due to diffusive depletion of dissociated species and enrichment of molecular species in the core of the jet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01512624
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computational study of high-speed plasma flow impinging on an enthalpy probe (1996)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 16 (1996), S. 17-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Enthalpy probe ; supersonic plasma flow ; chemical kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Enthalpy probe measurements in supersonic plasma flows are subject to various sources of error which are difficult to quantify experimentally v. The relative importance of several such errors has been assessed by means of detailed two-dimensional numerical simulations of high-speed plasma flow impinging on an enthalpy probe. The simulations show that moderate uncertainties in upstream pressure and composition (i.e., degree of ionization) can lead to significant errors in the velocity and temperature inferred from the measurements. These errors tend to be larger in velocity than temperature A second potential source of error is that enthalpy probe data are generally interepreted by means of simplified analytical relations which neglect the effects of finite-rate ionization, internal electronic excitation, thermal radiation, probe cooling, and probe sampling. The importance of these effects was also assessed, and the resulting errors were not ,significant under the conditions examined. We conclude that enthalpy probe measurements in supersonic plasma flows are use f d in situations where the upstream pressure and degree of ionization are known to reasonable accucary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01465215
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal stability improvement on pore and phase structure of sol-gel derived zirconia (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 3075-3081 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Thermal stability improvement of mesoporous zirconia is important for its applications as catalyst supports or membrane layers at high temperatures. Yttria-coated zirconia is synthesized by doping a small amount of yttrium nitrate solution in zirconia sol. The sol-gel derived undoped and 2 and 3 mol% yttria-doped zirconia samples after calcination at 450 °C are in the metastable phase. Undoped zirconia starts to transform to thermodynamically stable monoclinic phase at 600 °C. The yttria-doped zirconia samples remain in the metastable phase after heat treatment in air at 900 °C for 30 h. Doping yttria also retards the sintering and grain-growth rates of the sol-gel derived zirconia. Doping with 2 mol% yttria gives the most effective results with respect to retarding the surface area loss of zirconia at high temperature. Yttria with a loading up to 2 mol % is possibly present on the grain surface of zirconia. The improvement of the thermal stability of zirconia by coating yttria is explained in terms of the effects of dopant on the mobility and concentration of the surface defects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01209219
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and properties of copolymers from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-linked nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents with methacrylic acid (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 1481-1490 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: ibuprofen ; ketoprofen ; naproxen ; copolymer reactivity ; thermal stability ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)-propionic acid (ibuprofen), 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)-propionic acid (ketoprofen), and 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen), were covalently linked with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The drug-linked HEMA (M1) (ibuprofen-linked HEMA abbreviated as HI; ketoprofen-linked HEMA as HK, and naproxen-linked HEMA as HN), were respectively copolymerized with methacrylic acid (M2), MA, to obtain macromolecular prodrugs. The compositions of the copolymers were determined by means of a 1H-NMR spectroscopy and monomer reactivity ratios were estimated using the Kelen-Tüdös linear differential equation. The reactivity ratios are: r1 = 0.101 ± 0.012, r2 = 1.071 ± 0.065 for HI-MA; r1 = 0.344 ± 0.066, r2 = 0.966 ± 0.032 for HN-MA, and r1 = 0.650 ± 0.182, r2 = 1.032 ± 0.106 for HK-MA, respectively. The monomer reactivity toward to MA radical estimated from 1/r2 values is almost same for all three monomers (1/r2 ∼ 1). The glass transition temperatures of three drug-linked homopolymers go hand in hand with the steric hindrance of three drugs, i.e., ketoprofen 〉 naproxen ≫ ibuprofen calculated the minimum energy by computer molecular modeling. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 1481-1490, 1998
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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