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  • 1995-1999  (8)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. The chemical composition of lithogenic components in Pliocene sediments from the eastern Mediterranean displays periodic variations that are related to earth's orbital parameters owing to changes in insolation of the northern hemisphere. This can be explained by two different paleoclimatic/palaeoceanographic scenarios. During oligotrophic periods, similar to those persisting in the modern Mediterranean, sedimentation is rather uniform, and sediments receive high proportions of eolian material from the surrounding deserts. During more humid intervals sedimentation is dominated by fluviatile material that has been introduced by the Nile and northern borderland rivers. Higher nutrient loads associated with enhanced riverine input and a change in water circulation led to eutrophication, water column anoxia, and sapropel deposition in the eastern Mediterranean. Our investigations confirm earlier works claiming that in large parts of the northern Sahara palaeoclimatic conditions changed frequently from arid to more humid. Our results suggest that these changes in the Pliocene match with the approximately 22-ka insolation cyclicity.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Chemismus lithogener Komponenten pliozäner Sedimente des östlichen Mittelmeers weist periodische Änderungen auf, die mit den Orbitalparametern der Erde und dadurch hervorgerufenen Variationen der Sonneneinstrahlung im Bereich der Nordhemisphäre einhergehen. Dadurch entstehen zwei gegensätzliche paläoklimatische bzw. paläozeanographische Szenarien. In Zeiten mit geringen Niederschlägen und oligotrophen Bedingungen im Mittelmeer, wie sie auch heute vorherrschen, ist die Sedimentation sehr stark von äolischen Staubeinträgen angrenzender Wüstengebiete gekennzeichnet. Demgegenüber dominiert in feuchten Klimaperioden die Sedimentation von fluviatilem Material, das durch den Nil und Flüsse der nördlich an das Mittelmeer grenzenden Gebiete eingetragen wird. Die durch Zirkulationsänderungen sowie den Nährstoffeintrag der Flüsse induzierten eutrophen Bedingungen führten schließlich zur Ausbildung von Wassersäulen-Anoxia und der Ablagerung von Sapropelen im östlichen Mittelmeer. Unsere Untersuchungen unterstützen frühere Forschungsergebnisse, wonach in weiten Teilen der nördlichen Sahara ein häufigerer Wechsel zwischen ariden und humideren Klimabedingungen stattfand. Nach unseren Ergebnissen folgte dieser rhythmische Wechsel im Pliozän dem Insolationszyklus von ca. 22 ka.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
  • 3
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Nijenhuis, Ivar A; Bosch, Hendrik-Jan; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen; de Lange, Gert J (1999): Organic matter and trace element rich sapropels and black shales: a geochemical comparison. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 169(3-4), 227-290, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00083-7
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A distinct Pliocene eastern Mediterranean sapropel (i-282), recovered from three Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 160 Sites, has been investigated for its organic and inorganic composition. This sapropel is characterized by high organic carbon (Corg) and trace element contents, and the presence of isorenieratene derivatives. The latter suggests that the base of the photic zone was sulphidic during formation of the sapropel. Combined with evidence of bottom water anoxia (preservation of laminae, high redox-sensitive trace element contents, and the abundance and isotopic composition of pyrite) this leads to the tentative conclusion that almost the entire water column may have been anoxic. This anoxia resulted from high productivity and not from stagnation, because an approximation of the trace element budget during sapropel formation shows that water exchange with the western Mediterranean is needed. Entire water column anoxia has been suggested earlier for several black shales. With regard to the depositional environment and the Corg content, however, only the Cenomanian=Turonian Boundary Event (CTBE) black shales appear to be comparable to this sapropel. The proposed trace element removal mechanism of scavenging and (co-)precipitation in an anoxic water column, is thought to be similar for both types of deposits. The ultimate trace element source for the sapropel, however, is seawater, whereas it is hydrothermal and fluvial input for CTBE black shales (because they have a larger temporal and spatial distribution). Nonetheless, the Corg-rich eastern Mediterranean Pliocene sapropel discussed here may be considered to be a younger analogue of CTBE black shales.
    Keywords: 160-964D; 160-964E; 160-966C; 160-967C; 160-969E; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Eastern Basin; Joides Resolution; Leg160; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 4
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Torres, Marta E; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen; Bohrmann, Gerhard; Emeis, Kay-Christian (1996): Barite fronts in continental margin sediments: A new look at barium remobilization in the zone of sulfate reduction and formation of heavy barites in diagenetic fronts. Chemical Geology, 127(1), 125-139, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(95)00090-9
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Micro-crystalline barites recovered by deep-sea drilling from Site 684 on the Peru margin and Site 799 in the Japan Sea are highly enriched in the heavy sulfur isotope relative to seawater ( d34S up to +84‰). This isotopic composition is consistent with remobilization of biogenic barite triggered by sulfate reduction, and subsequent reprecipitation as a diagenetic barite front. The high levels of barium sulfate in these deposits (10-50%) cannot be explained by a diffusive transport model in sediments experiencing a constant rate of sedimentation. When sedimentation rates change radically, the barite front will remain at a given depth interval leading to large accumulations of barium sulfate. Such conditions may have generated the barite deposits at Site 799. At Site 684, on the other hand, there is evidence that the barite deposits are a result of the tectonically-driven advection of sulfate-bearing fluids through the sediment column.
    Keywords: 128-798; 128-799; COMPCORE; Composite Core; Japan Sea; Joides Resolution; Leg128; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 128-798; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Japan Sea; Joides Resolution; Leg128; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 251; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sulfate; δ34S, sulfate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 13 data points
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 160-964D; 160-964E; 160-966C; 160-967C; 160-969E; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eastern Basin; Event label; Joides Resolution; Leg160; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Sample comment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 18 data points
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 128-799; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Japan Sea; Joides Resolution; Leg128; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 251; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sulfate; δ34S, sulfate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: 160-964D; 160-964E; 160-966C; 160-967C; 160-969E; Antimony; Antimony, maximum; Arsenic; Arsenic, maximum; Cadmium; Cadmium, maximum; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon, organic, total, maximum; Chromium; Chromium, maximum; Cobalt; Cobalt, maximum; Comment; Copper; Copper, maximum; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eastern Basin; Element analyser, Fisons NA 1500 NCS; Event label; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Joides Resolution; Leg160; Molybdenum; Molybdenum, maximum; Nickel; Nickel, maximum; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Sample comment; Selenium; Selenium, maximum; Vanadium; Vanadium, maximum; Zinc; Zinc, maximum
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 222 data points
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