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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1993-1995 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The fabrication of boring tools (burrs) for dentistry with the use of a hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system, to form the diamond abrading structure, is reported here. The diamond was synthesized from a methane/freon gas mixture diluted in hydrogen. Comparative drilling tests with conventional diamond burrs and the CVD diamond burrs in borosilicate glasses demonstrated a lifetime more than 20 times larger for the CVD diamond burrs. Also, heat flow experiments in dentine showed that the CVD diamond burrs induce temperature gradients of the same order as the conventional ones. These characteristics of the CVD diamond burrs are highly desirable for odontological applications where the burrs' lifetime and the low temperature processing are essential to the quality and comfort of the treatment. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Geometric and functional analysis 5 (1995), S. 572-581 
    ISSN: 1420-8970
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 77-79 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Ethylene ; kairomone ; Phloeotribus scarabaeoides ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The role of ethylene, pure or in formulation, in the colonization behaviour of the olive bark beetle,Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) has been investigated in the laboratory. Ethylene has been found to be attractive in both sexes; the formulation ethrel 48 was active in an olfactometer up to several months. Ethylene, whose concentration varies with the developmental stage or the condition of the tree or its wood, may play an important role in the primary attraction of these scolytids to their host.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Inflammatory bowel disease ; IL1B gene polymorphism ; Crohn's disease ; Ulcerative colitis ; Disease susceptibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  There is evidence of a disbalance in the inflammatory regulation of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Interleukin-1β plays an important role in the pro-inflammatory response. Our aim was to study the influence which IL1B gene polymorphisms may have on the severity and course of these diseases. Ninety-six patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 98 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), and 132 ethnically matched healthy individuals (HC) were typed for the polymorphic sites in the promoter region (position –511) and in exon 5 (position +3953) of the IL1B gene, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods. In the CD group a significant association (P=0.009) was found in this pair of genes. Homozygotes for allele 1 at position +3953 were more often present (69% vs 31%) in the subgroup of patients carrying at least one copy of allele 2 at position –511. This association was significant in patients with non-perforating disease (P=0.002), but was not present in patients with perforating-fistulizing disease. The distribution of both allelic pairs in the non-fistulizing group proved to be significantly different from HC (P〈0.05), UC (P〈0.03), and the fistulizing group (P〈0.05). There was a similar association in non-operated patients (P=0.024), whereas no such association was found in surgically treated patients. Among carriers of allele 2 at position –511, UC patients with more severe bleeding symptoms (P=0.006) were less frequently found. These results suggest that IL1B gene polymorphisms participate in determining the course and severity of inflammatory bowel disease and contribute to explain the heterogeneity of these diseases.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Crohn’s disease ; Fistula ; HLA association ; DRB1 ; TNF polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Crohn’s disease (CD) appears in forms so diverse that it has been hypothesized CD might be a syndrome, with different pathogenic mechanisms leading to the various clinical phenotypes. This may plausibly explain the conflicting and inconclusive results with regard to HLA associations in unselected groups of patients. The power of these association studies may increase when disease heterogeneity is taken into account. As fistulising CD has been proposed as a separate subgroup of patients with CD, we studied the carrier frequencies (CF) of the DRB1 alleles in 35 unrelated Caucasian Dutch CD patients with proven peri-anal fistulas. A striking decrease in the frequency of the DRB1 * 03 allele was found in those patients with peri-anal fistulas when compared with a panel of 2400 healthy controls (HC) (3% vs 25%; P = 0.005; Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.09). The DRB1 * 03 allele is in strong linkage disequilibrium with a polymorphism at position –308 in the promoter region of the gene encoding TNFα (TNFA-308 * 2). We investigated whether this allele frequency was decreased as well. Surprisingly, the CF of TNFA-308 * 2 was 29%, not different from the CF of 98 HC (34%; P = 0.7; OR = 0.8). This study is the first showing a significant negative association between DRB1 * 03 and a particular subgroup of CD patients. Thus, patient selection may largely determine the outcome of genetic association studies in CD, as we previously observed no association with this allele in an unselected population of CD patients. As DRB1 * 03 frequency, but not the closely linked TNFA-308 * 2, was decreased, this suggests recombination between the DRB1 and TNFA loci in this group of patients, and may help to define the biological basis of fistula formation.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Acid-base behavior ; photometry ; fluorimetry ; 2,2′-diquinolyl ; 2,2′,2″-terpyridyl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A photometric and fluorimetric study of the acid-base behavior of 2,2′-diquinolyl and 2,2′,2″-terpyridyl was performed. In sulfuric acid medium, the doubly charged 2,2′-diquinolynium ion undergoes the first dissociation atH 0=0.20±0.09, as determined by fluorimetry (λex=336 nm, λem=424 nm). Photometric titration is less accurate because of the overlapping of the absorption spectra. The second dissociation constant of 2,2′-diquinolyl was determined by fluorimetric titration (λex=336 nm, λem=420 nm), obtaining a value of 3.67±0.03. The triply charged 2,2′,2″-terpyridyl molecule was found to undergo the first dissociation atH 0=−7.17±0.04, as determined by fluorimetric titration (λex=316 nm, λem=350 nm), in aqueous sulfuric acid medium. Photometric titration (λ=335 nm) was performed in the presence of 6.5% ethanol because of the low solubility of the compound in water. In this ethanolic∶water medium, a value of the dissociation constant atH 0=−7.39±0.03 was calculated. The second dissociation constant was determined to be 2.81±0.12 by photometric titration at 285 nm, and values of 4.03±0.26 and 4.16±0.20 were found for the third dissociation constant by photometric titrations at 320 and 295 nm, in 10% ethanol, in close agreement with previously reported values. The fluorimetric titration profile obtained by exciting at 274 nm and measuring the fluorescence emission at 350 nm, in the zone betweenH 0=−3 and pH=10, is complicated by the several equilibria involved.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mathematica hungarica 74 (1997), S. 345-353 
    ISSN: 1588-2632
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1572-9702
    Keywords: Borrelia burgdorferi ; prevalence ; ticks ; Spain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in several tick species was studied over a 2 year period in two ecologically different areas in Spain. One area was an endemic area for Lyme disease, with a number of autochthonous human cases and supported large populations of Ixodes ricinus on cattle and birds; the second area was characterized by the absence of I. ricinus together with the presence of foxes and their associated tick species. While I. ricinus was the main vector of B. burgdoreri in the endemic area (with a mean prevalence of 14% in adults and 51% in nymphs), adults of both Ixodes canisuga and Ixodes hexagonus had high rates of B. burgdorferi prevalence (30 and 28%, respectively) in the zone where I. ricinus was absent. Immatures of Ixodes frontalis were found to be carriers of the spirochete only in those zones where I. ricinus is present, suggesting evidence for reservoir competence in a tick-bird cycle.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The resolution of ternary mixtures of salicylic, salicyluric and gentisic acids has been accomplished by partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) multivariate calibration. The total luminescence information of the compounds has been used to optimize the spectral data set to perform the calibration. A comparison between the predictive ability of the three multivariate calibration methods, PLS-1, PLS-2 and PCR, on three spectral data sets, excitation, emission and synchronous spectra, has been performed. The excitation spectrum has been the best scanning path for salicylic and salicyluric acid determinations, while the emission spectrum has been the best for the gentisic acid determination. The convenience of analysing the total luminescence spectrum information when using multivariate calibration methods on fluorescence data is demonstrated.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1996-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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