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Evidence of lactate dehydrogenase-B allozyme effects in the teleost, Fundulus heteroclitus (1991)

L. DiMichele ; K. T. Paynter ; D. A. Powers

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

In: Science. 253(5022): 898-900.

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Publikationsdatum: 1991-08-23

Beschreibung: The evolutionary significance of protein polymorphisms has long been debated. Exponents of the balanced theory advocate that selection operates to maintain polymorphisms, whereas the neoclassical school argues that most genetic variation is neutral. Some studies have suggested that protein polymorphisms are not neutral, but their significance has been questioned because one cannot eliminate the possibility that linked loci were responsible for the observed differences. Evidence is presented that an enzymatic phenotype can affect carbon flow through a metabolic pathway. Glucose flux differences between lactate dehydrogenase-B phenotypes of Fundulus heteroclitus were reversed by substituting the Ldh-B gene product of one homozygous genotype with that of another.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DiMichele, L -- Paynter, K T -- Powers, D A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Aug 23;253(5022):898-900.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1876847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Schlagwort(e): Animals ; Blastocyst/enzymology ; Genotype ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glycolysis ; Isoenzymes ; Killifishes/embryology/*genetics/metabolism ; Kinetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/*genetics/metabolism ; Lactates/metabolism ; Lactic Acid ; Microinjections ; Phenotype ; Swine

Print ISSN: 0036-8075

Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik

Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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Levels of intracellular free amino acids used for salinity tolerance by oysters (Crassostrea virginica) are altered by protozoan (Perkinsus marinus) parasitism (1995)

Paynter, K. T. ; Pierce, S. K. ; Burreson, E. M.

Springer

Marine biology 122 (1995), S. 67-72

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ISSN: 1432-1793

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract Free amino acid (FAA) levels were measured from May through October 1991 in gill tissues of two groups of juvenile oysters (Crassostrea virginica Gmelin), one transferred from a low salinity field site (8‰) to a field site of high salinity (20‰) and high Perkinsus marinus (Mackin, Owen, and Collier) prevalence, the other kept at the low salinity field site. Within 24 h, glycine levels in the oysters transferred to high salinity increased 8-fold, taurine concentrations doubled and the total FAA pool rose from 150 μmol g−1 dry wt to 400 μmol g−1 dry wt. Taurine levels reached a plateau within 20 d after transfer to high salinity and remained at that level until P. marinus infections were detected 85 d after transfer. Taurine and glycine levels declined by ∼40% in the high salinity population as infection intensity increased between 70 and 105 d. Total FAA declined by approximately 33% over this period. The oysters kept at low salinity were not infected and continued to grow while the infected high salinity oysters showed no increase in shell length after Day 85. FAA levels in the low salinity group remained relatively constant throughout the experiment except for an initial rise triggered by an increase in ambient salinity from 8 to 12‰. The results suggest that salinity tolerance mechanisms in C. virginica may be impaired by P. marinus infection.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349278

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Mitochondrial DNA analysis of native and selectively inbred Chesapeake Bay oysters,Crassostrea virginica (1991)

Brown, B. L. ; Paynter, K. T.

Springer

Marine biology 110 (1991), S. 343-352

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ISSN: 1432-1793

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genotypes were examined in 1989 in threeCrassostrea virginica (Gmelin) populations native to Chesapeake Bay, USA, and in one population selectively inbred for rapid growth for ten generations. We wished to determine whether this character would be useful as a genetic marker for distinguishing between the inbred line and the native oysters and to determine whether detectable genetic differences exist among present-day native populations ofC. virginica. Thirty mtDNA haplotypes were identified. The average percentage nucleotide difference between native haplotypes was 1.8%. Inbred oysters were characterized by mtDNA haplotypes distinctly different from ancestral native oysters, indicating a high degree of genetic differentiation between the two groups (average percentage mtDNA nucleotide sequence divergence,δ=21.8%). The common native haplotype was not present in the selectively inbred sample, and six of the seven haplotypes detected in the inbred oysters were not found in the survey of native oysters. Chi-square tests on haplotype frequencies indicated that the native populations were not significantly different from one another. However, the distribution and relatedness of haplotypes suggest that significant change in the oyster gene pool may have occurred over the past few decades.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01344353

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