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  • 1995-1999  (8)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1996-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0018-3768
    Electronic ISSN: 1436-736X
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1998-02-20
    Print ISSN: 0723-4864
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1114
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1995-04-24
    Print ISSN: 0953-8984
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-648X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 24 (1998), S. 110-117 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The relation between the electrical noise generated during flow of aqueous poly(ethylene oxide) PEO solutions in three capillaries of different lengths and entry shape but the same diameter and the flow behaviour was investigated. Flow into the square cut off capillary entry was characterised by a low pressure loss regime followed at higher shear rates by a high pressure loss regime while flow into the trumpet shaped capillary end exhibited only the low pressure loss regime. The high pressure loss flow was associated with strong electrical noise generation. The results suggest that the noise generation mechanism includes a current source supplied by the flow through the capillary volume with an associated streaming potential and a modulation of the current by mixing and turbulence at the capillary entrance. The noise measuring technique can potentionally be used to study disturbances in the entry flow to capillaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 54 (1996), S. 263-271 
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das mechanische Verhalten von Holz bei stufenweise wiederholten Feuchtigkeitsänderungen, wie z.B. die dramatisch gesteigerte Kriechgeschwindigkeit, bleibt dagegen immer noch ein weitgehend ungeklärtes Problem. Die meisten Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet der sog. mechanosorptiven Effekte sind auf Untersuchungen des Kriechverhaltens begrenzt. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt in dieser Hinsicht eine Erweiterung dar, indem sie über die Resultate einer experimentellen Untersuchung berichtet, die sich auf die Änderungen der dynamisch-mechanischen Eigenschaften von Kiefernfurnier, Birkenfurnier und Papier bei wiederholten Änderungen der umgebenden Atmosphäre zwischen 5% und 85% rel. Feuchtigkeit beziehen. Der mechanische Verlustfaktor, tanδ, zeigt bei jeder Feuchtigkeitsänderung ein ausgeprägtes Maximum. Die Form und Größe dieser Maxima wurden durch die Art der Probehalterung beeinflußt. Bei Biegeversuchen ergab eine Anordnung mit longitudinal frei beweglichen Klemmen deutlichere tanδ Maxima als eine Anordnung mit fest einsgespannten Proben. Ein enger Zusammenhang zwischen der Geschwindigkeit der Sorption/Desorption und der Intensität der Dämpfungstransiente wurde gefunden. Bei sinkender Geschwindigkeit der Feuchtigkeitsänderung wurde eine Abnahme dieser Transiente beobachtet. Ein ähnliches Verhalten wurde bei steigender Temperatur, Amplitude, Vorspannung oder Vorbehandlung durch Kompression festgestellt. Die Form der Dämpfungstransiente war auch von der Zeitspanne zwischen den Feuchtigkeitsänderungen abhängig. Es darf angenommen werden, daß die beobachteten Phänomene eng mit der Diffusion der Wassermoleküle durch das hygroskopische Material verbunden sind. Enfache Abschätzungen zeigen, daß die diffusionsbedingten Relaxationszeiten von der Größenordnung einer Minute sind.
    Notes: There is a close relationship between the rate of sorption/desorption and the shape of the tanδ peak. In response to reduction of the rate of humidity change the damping transients slowly disappear. They also diminish in strength as the temperature is raised toward 60 °C. Their strengths increase as the measuring frequency is lowered toward 0.01 Hz. Also, when the samples are highly compressed or prestressed with static loads the peak heights are greatly reduced. The tanδ peaks become less distinct and eventually disappear when the amplitude of the vibration increases. Long time testing results in significant changes in the shapes of the tanδ versus time data. A working hypothesis is that these phenomena are closely related to molecular diffusion of water through the sample material. Simple estimates show that the relaxation time for a diffusion related process should be of the order of a minute.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 4227-4235 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic mechanical data obtained in the tensile mode with cellophane, polyamide 6, PEO, PVAc and PUR foam (compression) subjected to stepwise humidity changes between 5% and 85% relative humidity are reported. With the exception of PVAc, the loss tangent, tan δ, shows a transient peak every time the relative humidity of the surrounding atmosphere is changed. The strength of the tan δ transients increases when the measuring frequency is lowered. The tan δ transients slowly disappear in response to reduction of the rate of humidity change. High amplitude and prestress with static load reduce the height of the transient peaks. Long-term testing results in relatively small changes in the shape of the loss tangent versus time data. For PA6 a narrowing of the loss tangent peaks with diminishing specimen thickness was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mechanics of time-dependent materials 1 (1997), S. 161-180 
    ISSN: 1573-2738
    Keywords: Doolittle equation ; KAHR model ; physical aging ; PVAc ; relaxation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Free volume plays an important role in the analysis of physical aging,both experimentally and theoretically. In this work, the Doolittle freevolume equation and the KAHR model are used to predict isothermal responsesfollowing temperature down- and up-jumps for poly(vinyl acetate), PVAc, inthe T g-region. The constant B of the Doolittleequation is less than unity when the equation is combined with the Kovacsdifferential equation for free volume collapse for isothermal contractionpredictions. Using B values in the range 0.3 to 0.5 allows goodprediction of the isothermal contraction. It is shown that the equationyields aging rates approaching realistic values only for temperatures muchbelow T g. Isothermal expansion could not be predicted. Volumerelaxation kinetics is analysed based on the Doolittle equation and comparedwith stress relaxation kinetics near T g, where the slope ofthe inflexion region is calculated. The transient response of PVAc in thesame aging experiments is obtained using the KAHR model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 46 (1995), S. 56-59 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Electrical current noise and electrical resistivity as well as viscosity were measured in aqueous solutions of gelatin containing KCl during the sol - gel transition. While the viscosity rises toward infinity at the transition, the current noise power and the resistivity are continuous functions of the time and are therefore potentially useful probes for characterizing polymers undergoing gelation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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