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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 17 (1997), S. 319-324 
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: natriuretic peptide ; Anguilla japonica ; intestinal transport ; hydromineral balance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Electrophysiological studies in vitro demonstrated the significant inhibition by natriuretic peptides (NP) of short-circuit current across the eel intestine, an important osmoregulatory organ. Inhibitory potencies of several members of the NP family were assessed by voltage-clamp determination of net transepithelial salt absorption measured as the short-circuit current Isc across the intestine of the freshwater-adapted (FW) and seawater-adapted (SW) Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica); the order of potency of synthetic eel peptides was: amidated atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP-NH2) 〉 ventricular natriuretic peptide (VNP) 〉 atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) 〉〉 C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). Neither the order of potency nor the absolute potencies were effected by salinity adaptation. The observed potency sequence suggests that inhibition of intestinal absorption is mediated by A-type guanylyl cyclase-coupled NP receptors. The relatively low sensitivity of the intestinal response to NP compared with circulating NP concentrations suggests a role for intestinal regulation by NP which is independent of systemic delivery from cardiac sources. A novel model, incorporating the known immunohistochemical localization of NP-ergic cells and processes in the epithelial layer of the intestine and the dissipation of the Na+ electrochemical gradient along the alimentary tract, is developed in which local secretion of NP (in response to a bolus of food) inhibits salt absorption across the intestine regionally in favor of increased nutrient absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 32 (1997), S. 403-410 
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung  Durch Partialkondensation kann die dampfförmige Komponente eines Gas–Dampf-Gemisches abgetrennt werden. Gerade bei der Rückgewinnung von Lösungs- mitteln, welche dampfförmig mit einem Trägergas vermischt sind, spielt dieser Prozessschritt eine wichtige Rolle. Dabei tritt aber oft unerwünschte Nebelbildung auf. Der Nebel besteht aus sehr feinen Lösungsmitteltröpfchen und lässt sich nur mit grossem Aufwand aus der Gasströmung abscheiden. Durch eine geeignete Modellierung des kombinierten Stoff- und Wärmeübergangs kann die Ursache für die Nebelbildung und eine Methode zu deren Vermeidung gefunden werden. Die Lösung des Problems klingt paradox: Um Nebelbildung zu vermeiden, muss im Kondensator gleichzeitig gekühlt und geheizt werden. Mit dem Vermeiden der Nebelbildung wird auch eine reinere Trennung des Gas–Dampf-Gemisches erreicht. Die Beheizung des Kondensators kann über eine Energie-Regeneration erreicht werden, wodurch Apparatekonzept und Energieversorgung einfach bleiben.
    Notes: Abstract  By partial condensation the vaporous component of a vapour–gas mixture can be separated. This process plays an important part, especially in the recovery of solvents when the solvent is a vapour and mixed with a gas. The only drawback is, however, the frequent occurrence of undesired fog formation. This fog consists of a large number of small solvent droplets and only by a large effort can it be separated again. Through good modelling of the processes of heat and mass transfer the causes for the formation of fog and a method for its prevention can be found. The solution seems to be paradoxical: to avoid the formation of fog the condenser has to be cooled and heated simultaneously. If fog can be prevented, the degree of separation of the vapour–gas mixture even increases. The heating of the condenser may be accomplished by internal energy recovery, thereby simplifying the apparatus concept and energy supply.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 166 (1996), S. 484-491 
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key words Goby ; Natriuretic peptide ; Posterior intestine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Natriuretic peptides abolish active Na+ and Cl- absorption across the posterior intestine of the euryhaline goby Gillichthys mirabilis. Inhibition by eel and human natriuretic peptides is dose-dependent with the following sequence of potencies based on experimentally determined ID50 values for inhibition of short-circuit current: eel ventricular natriuretic peptide (78 nmol ⋅ l-1), eel atrial natriuretic pep- tide (156 nmol ⋅ l-1), human brain natriuretic peptide (326 nmol ⋅ l-1), human α atrial natriuretic peptide (1.05 μmol ⋅ l-1), and eel C-type natriuretic peptide (75 μmol ⋅ l-1). Natriuretic peptides also significantly increase transcellular conductance. The observed sequence of natriuretic peptide potencies is suggestive of cellular mediation by GC-A-type NP-R1 receptors in this tissue; as expected for guanylyl-cyclase-coupled NP-R1 receptors, cyclic GMP mimics the action of natriuretic peptides on the goby intestine. Crude aqueous extracts of goby atrium and ventricle inhibited short circuit current and increased tissue conductance in a dose-dependent manner. Ventricular extract was more potent than atrial extract on both a per organ and per milligram basis.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 166 (1996), S. 484-491 
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Goby ; Natriuretic peptide ; Posterior intestine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Natriuretic peptides abolish active Na+ and Cl- absorption aross the posterior intestine of the euryhaline gobyGillichthys mirabilis. Inhibition by eel and human natriuretic peptides is dose-dependent with the following sequence of potencies based on experimentally determined ID50 values for inhibition of short-circuit current: eel ventricular natriuretic peptide (78 nmol · l-1), eel atrial natriuretic peptide (156 nmol · l-1), human brain natriuretic peptide (326 nmol · l-1), human α atrial natriuretic peptide (1.05 μmol · l-1), and eel C-type natriuretic peptide (75 μmol · l-1). Natriuretic peptides also significantly increase transcellular conductance. The observed sequence of natriuretic peptide potencies is suggestive of cellular mediation by GC-A-type NP-R1 receptors in this tissue; as expected for guanylyl-cyclase-coupled NP-R1 receptors, cyclic GMP mimics the action of natriuretic peptides on the goby intestine. Crude aqueous extracts of goby atrium and ventricle inhibited short circuit current and increased tissue conductance in a dose-dependent manner. Ventricular extract was more potent than atrial extract on both a per organ and per milligram basis.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1995-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-6090
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2731
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1997-08-19
    Print ISSN: 0042-9929
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1181
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1997-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0006-291X
    Electronic ISSN: 1090-2104
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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