ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Bacterial secreted proteins are required for the internalization of Campylobacter jejuni into cultured mammalian cells (1999)

Konkel, Michael E. ; Kim, Bong J. ; Rivera-Amill, Vanessa ; [et al.]

Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd

Molecular microbiology 32 (1999), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2958

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Presented here is the first evidence that Campylobacter jejuni secrete proteins upon co-cultivation with host cells and in INT 407 cell-conditioned medium. A C. jejuni gene designated ciaB for Campylobacter invasion antigen B was identified, using a differential screening technique, which is required for this secretion process and the efficient entry of this bacterium into a host cell. The C. jejuni ciaB gene encodes a protein of 610 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 73 154 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence of the CiaB protein shares similarity with type III secreted proteins associated with the invasion of host cells from other more extensively characterized bacterial pathogens. In vitro binding and internalization assays revealed that the binding of C. jejuni ciaB null mutants was indistinguishable from that of the parental isolate, whereas a significant reduction was noted in internalization. Confocal microscopic examination of C. jejuni-infected cells revealed that CiaB was translocated into the cytoplasm of the host cells. Culturing C. jejuni with INT 407 cells or in INT 407-conditioned medium resulted in the secretion of at least eight proteins, ranging in size from 12.8 to 108 kDa, into the culture medium. C. jejuni ciaB null mutants were deficient in the secretion of all eight proteins, indicating that CiaB is required for the secretion process. The identification of the C. jejuni ciaB gene represents a significant advance in understanding the molecular mechanism of C. jejuni internalization and the pathogenesis of C. jejuni-mediated enteritis.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01376.x

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2

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Aqueous Processing of Sintered Reaction-Bonded Silicon Nitride: I, Dispersion Properties of Silicon Powder (1997)

Hackley, Vincent A. ; Paik, Ungyu ; Kim, Bong-Ho ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80 (1997), S. 0

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ISSN: 1551-2916

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: An aqueous-based system (Si-Al2O3-Y2O3-Fe2O3) for processing sintered reaction-bonded silicon nitride (SRBSN) was investigated with an emphasis on chemical control of suspension component interactions. Chemical stability and dispersion properties of a commercial silicon powder were characterized using electroacoustic, adsorption isotherm, and rheological measurements. The interactions of silicon with nitriding agent, sintering aids, dispersants, and binder were considered. The effects of pH, electrolyte, aging, particle size, and solids loading were examined. The suspension properties of the silicon powder were influenced by the native oxide film and powder treatment history. The silicon—oxide composite particles exhibit dispersion behavior similar to silica, characterized by a negative surface potential above pH 2. A method to improve the dispersion and homogeneity of suspension components based on the use of quaternary amine dispersants is proposed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03052.x

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3

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Compatibilizing capability of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate-,co-ε-caprolactone) in the blend of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (1998)

Kim, Bong Oh ; Woo, Seong Ihl

Springer

Polymer bulletin 41 (1998), S. 707-712

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ISSN: 1436-2449

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: Abstract In order to increase the miscibility in the blend of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) [PHB] and poly(ε-caprolactone) [PCL], PHB/PCL copolyesters were used as compatibilizers. These PHB/PCL copolyesters were synthesized by transesterification in solution phase. The melting point [Tm] depression, which was not observed in PHB/PCL blend without compatibilizer, was observed when PHB/PCL copolyesters as compatibilizers were added to the PHB/PCL blend system. As the amount of compatibilizer added to the blend increased, the crystallization temperature [Tc] of PCL in the blend increased and Tc of PHB in the blend decreased. The difference in Tc between PHB and PCL was gradually reduced. When the sequence length of PHB block and PCL block in the PHB/PCL copolyester increased, the miscibility of the blend increased. This is evidenced by the depression in the Tm of PHB and PCL in the blend and by the decrease in the difference of Tc between PHB and PCL. From the polarizing optical micrographs, the phase separation in PHB/PCL blend was observed. However, in the presence of PHB/PCL copolyester, the spherulite of PHB grows in equilibrium with one phase melt.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050422

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4

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Polymerization of aqueous lactic acid to prepare high molecular weight poly(lactic acid) by chain-extending with hexamethylene diisocyanate (1995)

Woo, Seong Ihl ; Kim, Bong Oh ; Jun, Hae Sang ; [et al.]

Springer

Polymer bulletin 35 (1995), S. 415-421

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ISSN: 1436-2449

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: Abstract In order to synthesize the high molecular weight poly(lactic acid) [PLA], Hexamethylene diisocyanate [HDI] was used as a chain extender connecting the terminal group of polymers. Poly(lactic acid) of high molecular weight, 76000 (MW) and 33000 (Mn), was obtained by using antimony trioxide catalyst after chain-extending with HDI. Without chain-extending, the molecular weight of PLA was about 7000 (Mn). Tm in the 2nd-scan DSC thermogram was not found when PLA was chain-extended with HDI. In order to check the degree of crystallization of polymers, annealing of these polymers was carried out at 120 °C. Peaks of XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) were sharpened as the duration of annealing was lengthened. The analysis of polymers reacted with HDI by 1H-NMR showed the broad peaks at 1.32 and 3.14 ppm assigned to HDI units. The molecular weight of polymers increased with the increase in the mole ratio of-NCO/-OH.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297606

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5

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Morphology and mechanical properties of liquid crystalline copolyester and polyester elastomer blends (1995)

Jang, Sang Hee ; Kim, Bong Shik

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 528-537

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: Blends of a polyester elastomer (PEL) having a hard segment of polyester (PBT) and soft segment of polyether (PTMG) and a liquid crystalline copolyester (LCP), poly(benzoate-naphthoate), were prepared in a twin-screw extruder. Specimens for mechanical testing were prepared by injection molding. The morphology of the LCP/PEL blends was characterized under different processing conditions. To determine what conditions were necessary for the development of a fibrillar morphology of LCP, we have studied the effect of processing method (extrusion and injection molding), injection molding temperature (below and above the melting point of LCP), and gate position in the mold (direct gate and side gate). SEM studies revealed that some extensional flow was required for the fibrillar formation of LCP and the fibrillar structure of LCP was controlled by the processing method. The morphology of the blends was found to be affected by their compositions and processing conditions. SEM studies revealed that finely dispersed spherical domains of LCP were formed in the PEL matrix and the inclusions were deformed in fibrils from the spherical droplets with increasing LCP content and injection temperature. The mechanical properties of the LCP/PEL blends were also found to be affected by their compositions and processing conditions. The mechanical properties of LCP/PEL blends were very similar to those of polymeric composite. An attempt was made to correlate the structure of the blends from the scanning electron microscope with the measured mechanical properties. All of the aspects of the morphology were possible to explain in terms of the mechanical properties of the blends. A DSC study revealed that the crystallization of PEL was accelerated by the addition of LCP in the matrix and a partial compatibility between LCP and PEL was predicted. The rheological behavior of the LCP/PEL blends was found to be very different from that of the parent polymers, and significant viscosity reductions were observed in the blend consisting of only 5 wt% of LCP.

Additional Material: 17 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760350611

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6

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Morphology and mechanical properties of liquid crystalline copolyester and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) blends (1995)

Jang, Sang Hee ; Kim, Bong Shik

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 538-545

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: Blends of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) and a liquid crystalline copolyester (LCP), poly(benzoate-naphthoate), were prepared in a twin-screw extruder. Specimens for mechanical testing were prepared by injection molding. The morphology and mechanical properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an Instron tensile tester. SEM studies revealed that finely dispersed spherical domains of the liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) were formed in the PEN matrix, and the inclusions were deformed into fibrils from the spherical droplets with increasing LCP content. The morphology of the blends was found to be affected by their composition and a distinct skin-core morphology was found to develop in the injection molded samples of these blends. Mechanical properties were improved with increasing LCP content, and synergistic effects have been observed at 70 wt% LCP content whereas the elongation at break was found to be reduced drastically above 10 wt% of LCP content. This is a characteristic typical of chopped-fiber-filled composites. The improvement in mechanical properties is likely due to the reinforcement of the PEN matrix by the fibrous LCP phase as observed by scanning electron microscopy. The tensile and modulus mechanical behavior of the LCP/PEN blends was very similar to those of the polymeric composite, and the tensile strength and flexural modulus of the LCP/PEN 70/30 blend were two times the value of PEN homopolymer and exceeded those of pure LCP, suggesting LCP acts as a reinforcing agent in the blends.

Additional Material: 13 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760350612

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7

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Rheology and thermal properties of liquid crystalline copolyester and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) blends (1995)

Kim, Bong Shik ; Jang, Sang Hee

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 1421-1432

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: Blends of a poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) and a liquid crystalline copolyester (LCP), poly(benzoate-naphthoate) were prepared in a twin-screw extruder. Specimens for thermal properties were investigated by means of an instron capillary rheometer (ICR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The blend viscosity showed a minimum at 10 wt% of LCP and increased with increasing LCP content above 10 wt% of LCP. Above 50% of LCP and at higher shear rate, phase inversion occured and the blend morphology was fibrous and similar to pure LCP. The ultimate fibrillar structure of LCP phase appeared to be closely related to the extrusion temperature. By employing a suitable deformation history, the LCP phase may be elongated and oriented such that a microfibrillar morphology can be retained in the solid state. Thermal properties of the LCP/PEN blends were studied using DSC and a Rheovibron viscoelastomer. These blends were shown to be incompatible in the entire range of the LCP content. For the blends, the Tg and Tm were unchanged. The half time of crystallization for the LCP/PEN blends decreased with increasing LCP content. Therefore, the LCP acted as a nucleating agent for the crystallization of PEN. The dimensional and thermal stability of the blends were increased with increasing LCP content. In studies of dynamic mechanical properties, the storage modulus (E′) was improved with increasing LCP content and synergistic effects were observed at 70 wt% of LCP content. The storage modulus for the LCP/PEN 70/30 blend is twice that of PEN matrix and exceeded pure LCP.

Additional Material: 27 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760351802

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