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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1998-01-24
    Description: Selenium, an essential trace element, is a component of prokaryotic and eukaryotic antioxidant proteins. A candidate selenoprotein homologous to glutathione peroxidase was deduced from the sequence of molluscum contagiosum, a poxvirus that causes persistent skin neoplasms in children and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Selenium was incorporated into this protein during biosynthesis, and a characteristic stem-loop structure near the end of the messenger RNA was required for alternative selenocysteine decoding of a potential UGA stop codon within the open reading frame. The selenoprotein protected human keratinocytes against cytotoxic effects of ultraviolet irradiation and hydrogen peroxide, providing a mechanism for a virus to defend itself against environmental stress.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shisler, J L -- Senkevich, T G -- Berry, M J -- Moss, B -- DK47320/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jan 2;279(5347):102-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4 Center Drive, MSC 0445, Bethesda, MD 20892-0445, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9417017" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Apoptosis ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Codon ; Glutathione Peroxidase/genetics/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology ; Keratinocytes/*cytology/drug effects ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molluscum contagiosum virus/genetics/*physiology ; Open Reading Frames ; Point Mutation ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Selenium/metabolism ; Selenocysteine/genetics ; Selenoproteins ; Transfection ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Viral Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: clear water ; Daphnia ; gross release ; net release ; nutrients ; shallow lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Total phosphorus budget and studies on dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations have been made for a small, hypertrophic, shallow lake, Little Mere, for a year prior to effluent diversion and three years following effluent diversion. Considerable resilience in phosphate concentrations was expected from experiences elsewhere with shallow lakes. Pre-diversion clear water was associated with a high dominance of large-bodied Daphnia magna due to an absence of fish in the relatively low-oxygen conditions. Unexpectedly, the phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations declined rapidly after effluent diversion (92% and 91%, respectively) and the lake has maintained the pre-diversion state of clear water. Little Mere provides evidence for importance of biological structure in determining the extent of chemical resilience. The laboratory sediment release rates of N and P were considerably higher than the net release rates, calculated from mass balance of the lake chemistry, as found elsewhere. Probably, lack of phytoplankton sedimentation, phytoplankton and plants uptake were the reasons for several fold high release rates that were observed in laboratory experiment. Therefore, it appeared to approach the gross release rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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