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Subcellular compartmentation of different lipophilic fluorescein derivatives in maize root epidermal cells (1996)

Brauer, David ; Uknalis, Joe ; Triana, Ruth ; [et al.]

Springer

Protoplasma 192 (1996), S. 70-79

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ISSN: 1615-6102

Keywords: Cytosolic ; Esterase ; Fluorescence microscopy ; Intracellular compartmentation ; Vacuole

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary Fluorescence microscopy offers some distinct advantages over other techniques for studying ion transport processes in situ with plant cells. However, the use of this technology in plant cells has been limited by our lack of understanding the mechanisms that influence the subcellular distribution of dyes after loading with the lipophilic precursors. In this study, the subcellular distribution of 5-(and 6-)carboxydichlorofluorescein (CDCF), carboxy-SNAFL-1, and carboxy-SNARF-1 was compared to that of 2′,7′-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and 6-)carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) after incubation of maize roots with their respective lipophilic precursors. Previously, we reported that incubation of roots with BCECF-acetomethyl ester (BCECF-AM) led to vacuolar accumulation of this dye. Similar results were found when roots were incubated with CDCF-diacetate. In contrast, carboxy-SNAFL-1 appeared to be confined to the cytoplasm based on the distribution of fluorescence and the excitation spectra of the dye in situ. On the other hand, incubation of roots with carboxy-SNARF-1-acetoxymethyl acetate yielded fluorescence throughout the cell. When the cytoplasm of epidermal cells was loaded with the BCECF acid by incubation at pH 4 in the absence of external Ca, the dye was retained in the cytoplasm at least 3 h after the loading period. This result indicated that vacuolar accumulation of BCECF during loading of BCECF-AM was not due to transport of BCECF from cytoplasm to vacuole. The esterase activities responsible for the production of either carboxy-SNAFL-1 or BCECF from their respective lipophilic precursor by extracts of roots were compared. The characterization of esterase activities was consistent with the subcellular distribution of these dyes in root cells. The results of these experiments suggest that in maize root epidermal cells the subcellular distribution of these fluorescein dyes may be determined by the characteristics of the esterase activities responsible for hydrolysis of the lipophilic precursor.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01273246

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Reactions of (CF3)2BNMe2 with ω-Halonitriles - Crystal and Molecular Structure of [cyclo-C3H4(CN)](CF3)2B·NHMe2Dedicated to Professor Peter Sartori on the occasion of his 65th birthday. (1996)

Brauer, David J. ; Bürger, Hans ; Dittmar, Thomas ; [et al.]

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 129 (1996), S. 1541-1545

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ISSN: 0009-2940

Keywords: Dimethylaminobis(trifluoromethyl)borane ; Nitriles ; Cyclopropanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Dimethylaminobis(trifluoromethyl)borane, (CF3)2BNMe2 (A), reacts with Cl(CH2)3CN to yield [Cl(CH2)2CH(CN)](CF3)2B·NHMe2 (1) whereas Br(CH2)3CN and A combine in a 1:2 ratio to form [cyclo-C3H4(CN)](CF3)2B·NHMe2 (2) and Br(CF3)2B·NHMe2. Br(CH2)nCN and A yield [Br(CH2)n-1 CH-(CN)](CF3)2B·NHMe2, n=4 (3), n=5 (4) and n=6 (5). Compound 2 and (NCCH2)CF3)2B·NHMe2 can be alkylated at nitrogen with CH3I/KOH in ether to yield [cyclo-C3H4(CN)]-(CF3)2B·NMe3 (6) and (NCCH2)(CF3)2B·NMe3 (7), respectively. treatment of 1 and 3 with hydroxide in ether gives the respective five- and six-membered heterocycles (CF3)2 (8) and (9). Reduction of the nitrile group with (iBu)2Alh in CH2Cl2 at -50°C followed by hydrolysis furnishes the corresponding aldehydes (OCHCH2) (CF3)2B·NMe3 (10), [cyclo-C3H4(CHO)](CF3)2B·NMe3 (11) and (12). The structure of 2 was determined by an X-ray investigation.

Additional Material: 1 Ill.