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  • Chemistry  (28)
  • Life Sciences (General)  (14)
  • Female  (5)
  • Geophysics  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (51)
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1999-01-15
    Description: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation has been implicated in many cellular responses, including fibroblast growth, transformation, survival, and chemotaxis. Although PI3K is activated by several agents that stimulate T and B cells, the role of PI3K in lymphocyte function is not clear. The mouse gene encoding the PI3K adapter subunit p85alpha and its splice variants p55alpha and p50alpha was disrupted. Most p85alpha-p55alpha-p50alpha-/- mice die within days after birth. Lymphocyte development and function was studied with the use of the RAG2-deficient blastocyst complementation system. Chimeric mice had reduced numbers of peripheral mature B cells and decreased serum immunoglobulin. The B cells that developed had diminished proliferative responses to antibody to immunoglobulin M, antibody to CD40, and lipopolysaccharide stimulation and decreased survival after incubation with interleukin-4. In contrast, T cell development and proliferation was normal. This phenotype is similar to defects observed in mice lacking the tyrosine kinase Btk.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fruman, D A -- Snapper, S B -- Yballe, C M -- Davidson, L -- Yu, J Y -- Alt, F W -- Cantley, L C -- R01 GM041890/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Jan 15;283(5400):393-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA. dfruman@bidmc.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9888855" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD45/analysis ; Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes/cytology/enzymology/*immunology ; Catalytic Domain ; Cell Cycle ; Chimera ; Chromones/pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Targeting ; Immunoglobulins/*blood ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Morpholines/pharmacology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Spleen/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/cytology/enzymology/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1998-01-31
    Description: The cerebral cortex of Alzheimer's and Down syndrome patients is characterized by the presence of protein deposits in neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plaques, and neuropil threads. These structures were shown to contain forms of beta amyloid precursor protein and ubiquitin-B that are aberrant (+1 proteins) in the carboxyl terminus. The +1 proteins were not found in young control patients, whereas the presence of ubiquitin-B+1 in elderly control patients may indicate early stages of neurodegeneration. The two species of +1 proteins displayed cellular colocalization, suggesting a common origin, operating at the transcriptional level or by posttranscriptional editing of RNA. This type of transcript mutation is likely an important factor in the widely occurring nonfamilial early- and late-onset forms of Alzheimer's disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉van Leeuwen, F W -- de Kleijn, D P -- van den Hurk, H H -- Neubauer, A -- Sonnemans, M A -- Sluijs, J A -- Koycu, S -- Ramdjielal, R D -- Salehi, A -- Martens, G J -- Grosveld, F G -- Peter, J -- Burbach, H -- Hol, E M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Jan 9;279(5348):242-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Graduate School for Neurosciences Amsterdam, Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. f.van.leeuwen@nih.knaw.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9422699" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Aging/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/analysis/chemistry/*genetics ; Base Sequence ; *Brain Chemistry ; Cerebral Cortex/chemistry/pathology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Down Syndrome/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Female ; *Frameshift Mutation ; Hippocampus/chemistry/pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neurites/chemistry ; Neurofibrillary Tangles/chemistry ; Neuropil/chemistry ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA Editing ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sequence Deletion ; Transcription, Genetic ; Ubiquitins/analysis/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We describe a device for performing MRI with laser-polarized noble gas at low magnetic fields (〈50 G). The system is robust, portable, inexpensive, and provides gas-phase imaging resolution comparable to that of high field clinical instruments. At 20.6 G, we have imaged laser-polarized (3)He (Larmor frequency of 67 kHz) in both sealed glass cells and excised rat lungs, using approximately 0.1 G/cm gradients to achieve approximately 1 mm(2) resolution. In addition, we measured (3)He T(2)(*) times greater than 100 ms in excised rat lungs, which is roughly 20 times longer than typical values observed at high ( approximately 2 T) fields. We include a discussion of the practical considerations for working at low magnetic fields and conclude with evidence of radiation damping in this system. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) (ISSN 1090-7807); Volume 141; 2; 217-27
    Format: text
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2011-08-23
    Description: Vertical mixing ratio profiles of four relatively long-lives gases, HCN, C2H2, CO, and C2H6, have been retrieved from 0.01/cm resolution infrared solar occultation spectra recorded between latitudes of 5.3degN and 31.4degN. The observations were obtained by the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) Fourier transform spectrometer during the Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science (ATLAS) 3 shuttle flight, 3-12 November 1994. Elevated mixing ratios below the tropopause were measured for these gases during several of the occultations. The positive correlations obtained between the simultaneously measured mixing ratios suggest that the enhancements are likely the result of surface emissions, most likely biomass burning and/or urban industrial activities, followed by common injection via deep convective transport of the gases to the upper troposphere. The elevated levels of HCN may account for at least part of the "missing NO," in the upper troposphere. Comparisons of the observations with values measured during a recent aircraft campaign are presented.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer; Volume 60; No. 5; 891-901
    Format: text
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-08-23
    Description: Vertical profiles of infrared cirrus extinction have been derived from tropical and subtropical upper tropospheric solar occultation spectra. The measurements were recorded by the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) Fourier transform spectrometer during the Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Sciences (ATLAS) 3 shuttle flight in November 1994. The presence of large numbers of small ice crystals is inferred from the appearance of broad extinction features in the 8-12 micron region. These features were observed near the tropopause and at lower altitudes. Vertical profiles of the ice extinction (/km) in microwindows at 831, 957, and 1204/cm have been retrieved from the spectra and analyzed with a model for randomly oriented spheroidal ice crystals. An area-equivalent spherical radius of 6 microns is estimated from the smallest ice crystals observed in the 8-12 gm region. Direct penetration of clouds into the lower stratosphere is inferred from observations of cloud extinction extending from the upper troposphere to 50 mbar (20 km altitude). Cloud extinction between 3 and 5 microns shows very little wavelength dependence, at least for the cases observed by the ATMOS instrument in the tropics and subtropics during ATLAS 3.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer; Volume 60; No. 5; 902-919
    Format: text
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Vertical profiles of infrared cirrus extinction have been derived from tropical and subtropical upper tropospheric solar occultation spectra. The measurements were recorded by the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) Fourier transform spectrometer during the Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Sciences (ATLAS) 3 shuttle flight in November 1994. The presence of large numbers of small ice crystals is inferred from the appearance of broad extinction features in the 8-12 micron region. These features were observed near the tropopause and at lower altitudes. Vertical profiles of the ice extinction (/km) in microwindows at 831, 957, and 1204/cm have been retrieved from the spectra and analyzed with a model for randomly oriented spheroidal ice crystals. An area-equivalent spherical radius of 6 gm is estimated from the smallest ice crystals observed in the 8-12 micron region. Direct penetration of clouds into the lower stratosphere is inferred from observations of cloud extinction extending from the upper troposphere to 50 mbar (20 km altitude). Cloud extinction between 3 and 5 micron shows very little wavelength dependence, at least for the cases observed by the ATMOS instrument in the tropics and subtropics during ATLAS 3.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: Journal of Quantitative Spectroscoy and Radiative Transfer (ISSN 0022-4073); 60; 5; 903-919
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: NMR images of laser polarized 3He gas were obtained at 21 G using a simple, homebuilt instrument. At such low fields magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of thermally polarized samples (e.g., water) is not practical. Low-field noble gas MRI has novel scientific, engineering, and medical applications. Examples include portable systems for diagnosis of lung disease, as well as imaging of voids in porous media and within metallic systems.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Physical review letters (ISSN 0031-9007); 81; 17; 3785-8
    Format: text
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Myogenic factor mRNA expression was examined during muscle regeneration after bupivacaine injection in Fischer 344/Brown Norway F1 rats aged 3, 18, and 31 mo of age (young, adult, and old, respectively). Mass of the tibialis anterior muscle in the young rats had recovered to control values by 21 days postbupivacaine injection but in adult and old rats remained 40% less than that of contralateral controls at 21 and 28 days of recovery. During muscle regeneration, myogenin mRNA was significantly increased in muscles of young, adult, and old rats 5 days after bupivacaine injection. Subsequently, myogenin mRNA levels in young rat muscle decreased to postinjection control values by day 21 but did not return to control values in 28-day regenerating muscles of adult and old rats. The expression of MyoD mRNA was also increased in muscles at day 5 of regeneration in young, adult, and old rats, decreased to control levels by day 14 in young and adult rats, and remained elevated in the old rats for 28 days. In summary, either a diminished ability to downregulate myogenin and MyoD mRNAs in regenerating muscle occurs in old rat muscles, or the continuing myogenic effort includes elevated expression of these mRNAs.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) (ISSN 8750-7587); 83; 4; 1270-5
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: trans-4,4,10-Trimethyl-9-decalone ( = trans-5,5,8a-trimethyl-octahydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one; 1), when treated with trifluoroperacetic acid, gave the unexpected hydroxyspirolactone 7-hydroxy-7,11,11-trimethyl-1-oxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-one (6), in which the two new O-atoms were introduced in a 1,2-trans relationship. The structure of this compound was conclusively proven by X-ray crystallography. The process involves the intermediacy of 7-membered lactone 2, the expected Baeyer-Villiger product, which could also be successfully prepared under controlled conditions at 0° in a buffered medium containing Na2HPO4.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 26 (1995), S. 147-147 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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