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  • General Chemistry  (71)
  • Industrial Chemistry  (68)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (9)
  • ddc:330  (8)
  • Structure  (6)
  • 1995-1999  (162)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of Hetaryl Glycosides and Their Glycosyl Donor Properties (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 1353-1360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Substitution ; Carbohydrates ; Anomeric O-hetarylation ; Glycosylation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Anomeric O-hetarylation of tetra-O-benzyl- and tetra-O-acetylglucose (1a, b) can be directly performed with electron-deficient heteroaromatic/heterocyclic systems 2-14, which contain imide halide moieties. The reactions were carried out in the presence of a base and led, through an exchange of the halide by the glucopyranosyloxy moiety, to the products 2a-14a, 7b-14b. Predominantly or exclusively β-products were obtained. Systems bearing more than one imide halide moiety, such as cyanuric fluoride (15) or 5-chloro-2,4,6-trifluoropyrimidine (16), can be employed for successive anomeric O-hetarylations. Investigation of the glycosyl donor properties of O-glucosyl heteroaromatic imidates with 6-O- and 4-O-unprotected glucose derivatives 18 and 19 as acceptors and comparison of the results obtained with data for the corresponding β-trichloroacetimidates 17aβ and 17bβ, reveals that 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridin-4-yl glucopyranosides 14aβ and 14bβ exhibit similar properties. For specific tasks, for instance α-glucopyranoside formation, 14aβ may even be advantageous.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential genome analysis of bacteria by genomic subtractive hybridization and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 19 (1998), S. 509-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Bacterial genome analysis ; Genomic subtractive hybridization ; Physical map ; Pulsed field gel electrophoresis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A comprehensive analysis of the differences between the genomes of two closely related bacterial strains should give insight into the molecular basis of their individual phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Here we present an integrative approach including two different strategies for the thorough investigation of genomic divergence. We have combined two techniques including genomic subtractive hybridization and comparative genome mapping by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) techniques. The subtractive method for which a protocol is given herein results in the production of a library of specific DNA sequence tags present only in one strain, while the construction of macrorestriction maps of the bacterial chromosomes yields data about the overall genome organization and the arrangement and distance of gene loci. Comparison of the physical and genetic maps and determination of the map positions of the strain-specific DNA sequences reveals gross chromosomal modifications, insertions or deletions of additional genetic material, and transpositional events. The further investigation of the strain-specific regions yields information about the nature and origin of the acquired DNA and their influence on the evolution of the individual bacterial genome. The two methods were applied to differential genome analysis of clonal divergence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa choosing two clone C isolates from diverse habitats.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150190410
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kristall- und Molekülstruktur von Arsen-tris(trifluoracetat) (1996)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 127 (1996), S. 1215-1220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Coordination of As(III) ; Structure ; Stereoisomeres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Arsenictris(trifluoroacetate) (1) crystallizes monoclinic in the space group Cc witha=1229.3,b=1697.9,c=1243.5 pm, β=110.01°, andZ=8. The trifluoroacetic acid ions acts as chelating ligands. Additionally they are bridging crystallographic independent molecules. As has a coordination number of 3+3(+2). The unit cell contains two sets of chirameres.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Arsen-tris(trifluoracetat) (1) kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe Cc mita=1229.3,b=1697.9,c=1243.5 pm, β=110.01° undZ=8. Die Trifluoracetatanionen fungieren gegenüber As als zweizähnige Liganden und verknüpfen die beiden kristallographisch unabhängigen Moleküle zusätzlich intermolekular. As erreicht dadurch gegenüber O die Koordinationszahl 3+3(+2). Die Elementarzelle enthält zwei Sätze von chirameren Molekülen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807787
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antimontribenzoat (1995)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 126 (1995), S. 1045-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Coordination of Sb(III) ; Structure ; Enantiomers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The Δ isomer of (C6H5CO2)3Sb crystallizes rhombohedrally (hexagonal axes) in the space group R3 witha=1944.0 pm,c=422.3 pm, andZ=3. The molecules are stacked parallel to 001; Sb has a coordination number of 3+3 (Sb-O: 208 and 256 pm, resp.).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Δ-Isomer des Antimontribenzoats kristallisiert rhomboedrisch (hexagonale Aufstellung) in der Raumgruppe R3 mita=1944.0 pm,c=422.3 pm undZ=3. Die Moleküle sind parallel zu 001 gestapelt. Sb hat gegenüber O die Koordinationszahl 3+3 (Sb-O: 208 bzw. 256 pm).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00811375
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Struktur zweier Arsen- und Antimontricarboxylate (1996)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 127 (1996), S. 461-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Coordination of As(III) and Sb(III) ; Structure ; Enantiomers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Arsen-tris(2,2-dimethylpropionate) (1) crystallizes monoclinic in the space group P21/n witha=926.2,b=2158.6,c=983.7 pm, β=94.92°, andZ=4. As has a coordination number of 3+3. Antimony tripropionate (2) crystallizes monoclinic in the space group P21/c witha=930.2,b=863.0,c=1575.2 pm, β=90.27, andZ=4. The molecules are bridged to chains; therefore, Sb reaches the coordination number 3+3 (+3).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Arsen-tris(2,2-dimethylpropionat) (1) kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/n mita=926.2,b=2158.6,c=983.7 pm, β=94.92° undZ=4. As hat gegenüber O die Koordinationszahl 3+3. Antimontripropionat (2) kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/c mita=930.2,b=863.0,c=1575.2 pm, β=90.27 undZ=4. Die Moleküle sind intermolekular zu Ketten verknüpft, wodurch Sb die Koordinationszahl 3+3 (+3) erreicht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807070
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial production of (+)-trans-isochorismic acid (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 285-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae 62-1 ; isochorismate hydroxymutase (E.C. 5.4.99.6) ; affinity immobilization ; isochorismate excretion ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two methods are described for the preparation of enantiomerically pure (+)-trans-isochorismic acid, an important metabolite of the postchorismate pathway. Both methods can be employed to prepare isotopically labeled isochorismic acid. One of the two methods is suitable to prepare bulk quantities of isochorismic acid using a recombinant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae 62-1. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450402
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses and Properties of S2-Bridged Benzidines (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 2409-2416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Sulfur heterocycles ; Rearrangements ; Reductions ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The syntheses of 1,2-benzodithiino[5,4,3-cde][1,2]benzodithiin-2,7-diamine (1) and dithio-bridged benzidine 2 have been achieved. The starting material for the synthesis of 1 was 1,3-diiodo-5-nitrobenzene (15) which was transformed by conventional means into 1,2-bis[3,5-bis(ethylthio)phenyl]diazane (19). The benzidine rearrangement of 19 in the presence of HBF4 at -30 °C yielded 4,4′-diamino-2,2′,6,6′-tetraethylthiobiphenyl (20) in 50 % yield. Treatment of 20 with sodium in ammonia and work-up in the presence of air yielded 1. The latter compound could be reduced with LiAlH4 to the tetrathiol 20a. The starting material for the preparation of 2 was 3-chloro-1-iodo-5-nitrobenzene (23), a side product of the preparation of 15. It was transformed analogously to the preparation of 1 into 1,2-bis(3-ethylthiophenyl)diazane (28). The benzidine rearrangement of 28 in presence of HBF4 at -30 °C afforded 4,4′-diamino-2,2′-bis(ethylthio)biphenyl (29) in 49 % yield. Treatment of 29 with sodium in ammonia and work-up under aerobic conditions yielded 2. Quantitative reduction of 2 to the thiol 29a could be achieved with LiAlH4. The reversible electrochemical reduction of 1 on unmodified glassy carbon electrodes leads to a product to which the structure of 3 was assigned.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polar and Steric Substituent Effects in 5-exo-trig Cyclizations of 1-Aryl-4-penten-1-oxyl Radicals (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 523-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -By mistake wrong concentrations were given in the footnote of Table 1 and in the Discussion. Instead of c0 = 1.2 M read c0 = 0.12 M if 2-naphthalenethiol was used as hydrogen donor and instead of c0 = 1.8 M read c0 = 0.18 M if Bu3SnH was used to trap photoproducts. In Table 2 relative rate constants of radical 2d refer to radical 2e and vice versa as correctly stated in the Discussion. In the Experimental Section (Iodocyclization) read 2.25 g (8.86 mmol) of iodine instead of 2.25 g (1.10 mmol) of iodine.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Novel and Efficient Route towards α-GalNAc-Ser and α-GalNAc-Thr Building Blocks for Glycopeptide Synthesis (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 1167-1171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Carbohydrates ; Glycals, nitro ; Michael additions ; Glycosylations ; Glycosides, galactosamine ; Reduction, nitro group ; Glycopeptides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: -Michael addition of serine and threonine derivatives 4a-4c to 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-nitro-D-galactal (1) afforded the corresponding 2-deoxy-2-nitro-α-D-galactopyranosides 5a-5c in good yield and stereoselectivity. 2-deoxy-2-nitroglycosides 5a and 5b were reduced to the 2-acetamido compounds by platinized Raney nickel T4. Manipulation of the protecting groups afforded known N-Fmoc-O-(2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranosyl)-L-serine (8a) and -threonine (8b), valuable building blocks for O-glycopeptide synthesis.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    C-Disaccharides of Ketoses (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemistry - A European Journal 2 (1996), S. 502-510 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-6539
    Keywords: alkynes ; C-glycosides ; cobalt complexes ; cyclizations ; enzyme inhibitors ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reaction of gluconolactone 2 with allylmagnesium bromide at low temperatures afforded ketopyranose 3, which could easily be converted into open-chain ketoses (R)-6 and (S)-6. Their reaction with lithioacetylide 9 afforded propargylic alcohol derivatives (R)-10 and (S)-10, which could not be cyclized directly to the desired C-ketosides. They were converted by standard procedures into (R)-14 and (S)-14 and then into dicobalthexacarbonyl complexes (R)-16 and (S)-16. A facile acid-catalyzed ring closure gave the desired C-ketosides (R)-18 α/β and (S)-18α/β, respectively, in different ratios. In order to demonstrate that removal of the protective groups and hydrogenation of the CC triple bond proceed smoothly, (R)-18 α was transformed into the deprotected target molecule (R)-1 α. For the assignment of the new chiral centers at C-2/2′ and at C-8, (S)-18α was transformed into azido derivative (S)-22α, which underwent intramolecular cycloaddition to afford the spiro derivative (S)-25α. Because of the conformational constraints in this molecule, unequivocal configurational assignment was possible with the help of NMR data.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19960020508
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