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  • PACS: 42.10; 42.20; 78; 87  (1)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (1)
  • 61.80
  • SPACE VEHICLES
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of preparation technique on the optical parameters of biological tissue (1999)
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. 445-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 42.10; 42.20; 78; 87
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The absorption coefficient μa, the scattering coefficient μs, and the scattering anisotropy factor g of porcine liver were studied in vitro using the integrating sphere technique and inverse Monte Carlo simulation in the wavelength range 450 to 700 nm. A reference preparation technique was developed using a dermatome providing specimens of 200 to 800 μm thickness without pre-freezing the tissue. The optical parameters as measured applying the reference preparation were compared to those measured after cryo-homogenisation. We found significant deviations of the scattering coefficient and the anisotropy factor which were compensated when the reduced scattering coefficient μs ′ was calculated. We also compared the effects of freezing reference specimens at -20 °C and at 77 K without homogenisation. For both freezing protocols noticeable deviations were found in all three optical parameters as well as in μs ′. The impact of tissue storage at 4 °C was measured in the range 4 to 48 h post mortem and showed a clear reduction of μa and a significant increase of μs even after 24 h of storage. Short-time storage of the specimens in saline solution reduced all three optical parameters significantly. In conclusion, the tissue preparation must be controlled in order to provide in vitro optical parameters that sufficiently mimic the in vivo situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400050833
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel model system to study the influence of rubber compound formulation on the structure and composition of the rubber-brass interphase (1995)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 23 (1995), S. 155-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A model system was developed to study the influence of the rubber formulation and/or the aging conditions on the adhesion between brass and rubber. The bonding compounds were vulcanized on thin, homogeneous brass layers that had been prepared by sputtering onto special polymeric substrates; some of these compounds were steam-aged under controlled conditions subsequently. After the separation of the polymeric film, combined analytical electron microscopy (transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy; TEM/EDS) and sputter neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) analyses were performed. While the TEM/EDS studies offer a detailed insight into the morphological structure of the interphase, the SNMS depth profiles allow a rapid and reliable differentiation between various rubber formulations. With these model samples the beneficial effect of boric acid esters on the adhesion of cobalt-containing bonding compounds, which is observed in a typical short-term adhesion test after steam-aging, can be explained: boric acid esters act with cobalt salts as corrosion inhibitors for brass, preventing the growth of a thick intermediate ZnO/Zn (OH)2 layer that is the starting point for delaminations.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740230306
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