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  • Articles  (1,045)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (1,045)
  • 1995-1999  (1,045)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative NMR and molecular dynamics study of the conformations of bradykinin B1 and B2, B2, and B1-specific receptor antagonists B-9430, B-9436, and B-9858 (1997)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 42 (1997), S. 521-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: bradykinin receptor antagonists ; bradykinin antagonist conformation ; molecular dynamics ; nmr ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Extensive proton magnetic resonance experiments were carried out on three bradykinin peptide antagonists B-9430, B-9436, and B-9858 in aqueous solutions as well as in sodium dodecylsulphate micelles (B-9430 and B-9436) and CD3OH/H2O (60%/40%) mixtures for B-9858. All three peptides showed no observable secondary structure in aqueous solution. However, in their respective structure-inducing solvents, B-9430 (B1 and B2 receptor antagonist) and B-9436 (a B2 receptor antagonist) exhibit a type II β-turn involving residues 2-5, and B-9430 also exhibits a type II′ β-turn involving residues 6-9 (in sodium dodecylsulfate micellar solutions), whereas B-9858, a B1-specific receptor antagonist, exhibits only a type II β-turn involving residues 2-5 (in CD3OH/H2O solutions). Simulated annealing calculations on B-9858 confirm the experimental conclusions based on the nmr data. In addition, simulated annealing of the (2S, 3aS, 7aS)-octahydroindole-2-carboxylic acid (Oic residue), which is present in two of the three decapeptides studied, show that the one-chair conformation of the six-membered ring predominates, in agreement with the experimental data. The activities of these peptides are compared with their secondary structures and the specific receptor activity appears to depend on the presence of specific amino acid residues, such as N-(2-indanyl)glycine (Nig) and D[α-(2-indanyl)glycine] (D-Igl) as well as on elements of secondary structure. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 42: 521-535, 1997
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyamides incorporating phosphine oxide groups. III. Polymerisation of bis[4-(2-aminoethyl)aminophenyl]-phenylphosphine oxide with dicarboxylic acids (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 2865-2870 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: phosphine oxide ; aromatic-aliphatic polyamides ; polycondensation ; thermal properties ; fire retardant materials ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The new polymerisation monomer bis[4-(2-aminoethyl)aminophenyl]-phenylphosphine oxide (p-BAPPO) was prepared in good yield by the nucleophilic substitution reaction between bis(4-fluorophenyl)phenylphosphine oxide and a large excess of 1,2-diaminoethane. Five novel polyamides, incorporating phosphine oxide groups within the polymer backbone were synthesised by the condensation reaction of p-BAPPO with a series of aromatic and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. The thermal properties of these polymers were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Glass transition temperatures in the 180-215°C range were recorded. Although we observed their thermooxidative stabilities (5% weight loss 〉 345°C) to be lower by 40-70°C than those previously found for wholly aromatic polyamides with phosphine oxide groups within the parent chain, char yields upon prolonged heating at 650°C were still excellent (26-38%). Also, good solubility in aprotic polar solvents was observed for all polyamides synthesised. The new polyamides clearly represent significant progress in the quest for processible fire retardant materials. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 2865-2870, 1997
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyamides incorporating phosphine oxide groups. I. Wholly aromatic polymers (1996)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1561-1566 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: phosphine oxide ; polyamide ; polycondensation ; thermal properties ; fire-retardant materials ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Five novel polyamides incorporating phosphine oxide groups have been synthesized by the condensation reaction of bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phenylphosphine oxide with a series of aromatic diamines. The thermal properties of these polymers were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Glass transition temperatures in the 225-254°C range were recorded, together with good thermooxidative stability (5% weight loss occurring at 〉420°C) and high char yield upon prolonged heating at 650-800°C (24-50%). Also, good solubility in aprotic polar solvents was observed for all polyamides synthesized. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyamides incorporating phosphine oxide groups. II. Aromatic polymers containing sulfone functionality (1997)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 35 (1997), S. 493-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: phosphine oxide ; diarylsulfone ; polyamide ; polycondensation ; thermal properties ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Four novel polyamides have been prepared in high yields by the polycondensation reactions of bis(3-carboxyphenyl)- and bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phenylphosphine oxide with 3,3′- and 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone. The thermal properties of these materials were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. It was found that the presence of both phosphine oxide and sulfonyl groups within the polymer backbone brought about remarkable modifications in the thermal behavior. Glass transition temperatures 40-50°C lower than those of conventional polyamides i.e., in the range 170-200°C, were recorded. However, we observed greater thermooxidative stability (5% weight loss at 〉410°C) and high char yield upon prolonged heating at 800°C (20-34%). Also, good solubility in polar aprotic solvents was observed for all polyamides together with some solubility in aqueous solvent mixtures, e.g. tetrahydrofuran/water (95:5). © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Robust Thermal Modulator for Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 22 (1999), S. 3-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Multidimensional Gas Chromatography ; orthogonal separations ; GC×GC ; comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography ; characterization of gasoline ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---In comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC), two capillary columns are connected in series through an interface known as a “thermal modulator”. This device transforms effluent from the first capillary column into a series of sharp injection-like chemical pulses suitable for high-speed chromatography on the second column. Dramatic increases in the resolving power, sensitivity, and speed of the gas chromatograph result. This paper describes the development of a robust and reliable thermal modulator for GC×GC.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced Resolution of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Isomers by Tandem-Column Silver-Ion High Performance Liquid Chromatography (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 22 (1999), S. 144-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) ; silver-ion high performance liquid chromatography (Ag+-HPLC) ; cheese ; analysis ; silver-ion chromatography ; tandem-column Ag+-HPLC ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---A commercial mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, reportedly consisting of six components, was recently resolved into 12 peaks attributed to CLA isomers using silver-ion high performance liquid chromatography (Ag+-HPLC). In this study, the coupling of two analytical silver-ion high performance liquid chromatography columns (tandem-column Ag+-HPLC) in series led to the enhanced resolution of CLA isomers. Many CLA isomers were baseline resolved and the pair 18 : 2 8,10 c/t and 18 : 2 7,9 c/t found in cheese products, was resolved for the first time. In this work, a similar commercial CLA mixture was separated into 16 peaks, while CLA isomers from cheese also gave rise to 16 peaks. As expected, the CLA isomers were separated into three geometric groups in the order trans,trans, cis/trans, and cis,cis. Semi-preparative Ag+-HPLC, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy of the dimethyloxazoline derivatives, was used to confirm the identity of the newly resolved positional CLA isomers. The double bond configuration of CLA isomers was established by gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Two minor t,t CLA isomers found in cheese, presumably 18 : 2 t6t8 and 18 : 2 t13t15, were also separated. The CLA isomeric composition of 16 commercial cheese products was determined.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation entropy of the H2 molecule (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 61 (1997), S. 935-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Correlation of a quantum many-body state makes the one-particle density matrix nonidempotent. Therefore, the Shannon entropy of the natural occupation numbers measures the correlation strength on the one-particle level. Here, it is shown how this general idea of a correlation entropy must be adapted for two-electron systems in view of conservation laws which mix Slater determinants even in the noninteracting limit. Results are presented for the correlation entropy s of H2 as a function of the nucleus-nucleus separation R. In the ground state, the entropy of the spatial factor of the wave function maximizes 1.7 bohr beyond the Coulson-Fischer separation. The role of the correlation entropy in density functional theory is also discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fourier transform approach to potential harmonics (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 63 (1997), S. 5-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Because of the high degeneracy of hyperspherical harmonics, a method is needed for selecting the most important ones for inclusion in hyperangular basis sets. Such a method was developed by M. Fabre de la Ripelle, who showed that the most important harmonics are λ-projections of the product of the potential and a zeroth-order wave function; and he gave these the name, “potential harmonics.” In the present study we develop Fourier-transform-based methods for generating potential harmonics and for evaluating matrix elements between them. These methods are illustrated by a small calculation on three-body Coulomb systems with a variety of mass ratios. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free radical polymerisation studies of 4-substituted styrenesSubmitted by A. J. Ludlow as part of a Ph. D. Thesis (South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA), 1995., 1. The reactions of 2-cyano-2-propyl radicals with styrene, 4-methoxystyrene and 4-methylstyrene (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 198 (1997), S. 1579-1595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Only a limited amount of work has been previously published concerning the free radical polymerisation of 4-methoxystyrene and 4-methylstyrene initiated by 2,2′-azoisobutyronitrile (2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropiononitrile)) (AIBN). The present investigation was, therefore, undertaken to establish whether the substituents have a considerable affect on the reaction of 2-cyano-2-propyl radicals at 60°C, relative to styrene. Rates of polymerisation were determined gravimetrically and rates of initiation were calculated from the radioactivity of the polymer, obtained by labelling AIBN with carbon-14. Number average molecular weights (Mn) were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The order of reaction with respect to initiator concentration was found to be 0.50 for styrene and 0.48 for both 4-methoxystyrene and 4-methylstyrene, which was attributed to their susceptibility to primary radical termination. Polystyryl radicals were also found to undergo primary radical termination and values for the constant {kprt/(ki·kp)} were determined as 1.37 × 104 mol · s · dm-3 for styrene, 1.47 × 104 mol · s · dm-3 for 4-methoxystyrene and 1.30 × 104 mol · s · dm-3 for 4-methylstyrene. The rate of initiation for 4-methoxystyrene is greater than for styrene, which in turn is greater than for 4-methylstyrene.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1997.021980520
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free radical polymerisation studies of 4-substituted styrenesPart 1: cf. ref.23, 2. Termination and chain transfer in the polymerisation of styrene, 4-methoxystyrene and 4-methylstyreneSubmitted by A. J. Ludlow as part of a Ph.D. Thesis (South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA), 1995. (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 198 (1997), S. 3931-3952 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The bulk polymerisation of styrene, 4-methoxystyrene and 4-methylstyrene was investigated at 60°C using 2,2′-azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. Initial rates (Ri0) and efficiencies (f) of initiation were calculated from the radioactive content of the polymer obtained by labelling the initiator as either [methyl-14C4]AIBN or [cyano-14C2]AIBN. Rates of polymerisation determined gravimetrically are in good agreement with rates determined by the dilatometer technique. An empirical linear relationship between the number of initiator fragments and the degree of monomer conversion was noted. Factors affecting the termination of polymer radicals are discussed and compared with other published work. The polymerisation reaction is terminated predominantly by combination in the case of all three monomers, and chain transfer constants to initiator and to monomer are of the order of 10-3 and 10-5, respectively.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1997.021981213
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