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  • Springer  (41)
  • 1995-1999  (41)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on protein quality of green gram (Phaseolus aureus) (1996)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 49 (1996), S. 127-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: Green gram ; Trypsin inhibitor ; protein ; nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Raw green gram contains trypsin inhibitor (5.6 × 10−3 units/0.1 g) while cooking destroyed the trypsin inhibitor in green gram. No destruction was observed in the case of lysine, methionine, cystine, threonine and tryptophan. Sulphur containing amino acids have been found to be the only limiting amino acids in green gram from studies on blood levels of amino acids and PER experiments. Raw green gram, when fed as a sole source of protein promoted an extremely low growth rate, (13.2 g/4 weeks) and PER (0.77) in rats. Cooking slightly improved the nutritive value of the gram, as indicated by increase in gain in body weight (24 g/4 weeks) as well as PER (1.22). The presence of inhibitors in green gram did not appear to affect some of the essential amino acids as observed from the blood amino acid levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01091969
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elaboration of amylase activity and changes in paste viscosity of some common Indian legumes during germination (1995)
    Springer
    Plant foods for human nutrition 47 (1995), S. 341-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9104
    Keywords: Amylase activity ; Germination ; Legumes ; Malting loss ; Viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of germination upto 120 hours on malting loss, amylase activity and viscosity of nine common Indian legumes was investigated. The amylase activity increased on progressive germination in all legumes, the increase being particularly high for green gram, horse gram, moth bean and black gram. Malted samples had lower cooked paste viscosity than native ones. Samples with high amylase activity exhibited proportionately lower viscosity. Maximum reduction in viscosity was observed in green gram, followed by moth bean, horse gram, black gram and cowpea within 48 hours of germination. Malting losses ranged between 12 to 27 percent over a period of 48 hours in all legumes. Germination beyond 48 hours resulted in considerably higher malting losses without much effect on viscosity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01088272
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity in pearl millet germplasm from Cameroon (1996)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 43 (1996), S. 173-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum ; collecting ; landraces ; wild relatives ; diversity ; variation ; characterization ; adaptation ; pearl millet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L). R. Br.] (syn. P. americanum (L.) Leeke) germplasm from Cameroon was collected jointly by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and the National Cereals Research and Extension Project (NCRE)/Institute of Agronomic Research (IAR), Maroua, Cameroon. Of the 1261 samples collected, 888 are pearl millet and 12 wild relatives of Pennisetums. A total of 918 accessions of pearl millet were evaluated during rainy and postrainy seasons at ICRISAT Asia Center (IAC), Patancheru, India, and 748 at Maroua, Cameroon. Considerable variation was observed for all the characters studies. At IAC, Patancheru, time to flower varied from 56 to 146 days with a mean of 114±0.62 days during the rainy and 46 to 128 days with a mean of 67±0.28 days during the postrainy season. At Maroua, the flowering time ranged from 49 to 112 days with a mean of 81±0.34 days. Plant height ranged from 230 to 450 cm with a mean of 353±1.52 cm. Spike and grain characters were more stable compared to flowering and plant height. The expression of spike characters was comparable to evaluation in postrainy season at IAC, Patancheru. In Cameroon, farmers classify pearl millet as Yadiri and Mouri, which vary for plant canopy, spike and grain characters. Mouri matures in about 95–110 days, extensively grown in the low rainfall areas of Extreme North province. Yadiri matures in 120–140 days, generally grown in the high rainfall areas of the North, Adamaoua provinces, and on the hill slopes of Extreme North province. Millet germplasm from Cameroon is a good source for more number of productive tillers, large compact spikes, and larger ivory and cream colored grain besides its potential for forage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00126761
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity in pearl millet germplasm from Central African Republic (1996)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 43 (1996), S. 303-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: diversity ; evaluation ; landraces ; pearl millet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Most of the pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) growing areas in Central African Republic (CAR) were explored by the GRD, ICRISAT in collaboration with the Ministry of Rural Development, CAR, Bangui and 129 pearl millet samples were collected during December 1988–January 1989. Considerable diversity was observed for several characters when 146 accessions including 17 collected by Institut francais de recherche scientifique pour le développement en coopération (ORSTOM) were evaluated at ICRISAT Asia Center (IAC), Patancheru. Time to flower ranged from 57 to 140 days with a mean of 128±1.1 days in rainy season and from 57 to 132 days with a mean of 73±0.8 days during postrainy season. Plant height ranged from 140 to 410 cm with a mean of 311±6.1 cm in the rainy season and from 75 to 310 cm with a mean of 155±2.6 cm during the postrainy season. The number of tillers varied between 1 to 6 per plant, spikes were mostly cylindrical and medium sized with a mean length of 20 cm during both seasons. They produced mostly gray or cream colored, globular grain, with partly corneous endosperm. Cluster analysis categorized accessions into similarity groups facilitating sampling a limited number of entries to represent the diversity of the pearl millet germplasm from Central African Republic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00132949
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotransformation of codeine to morphine in freely suspended cells and immobilized cultures of Spirulina platensis (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1999), S. 465-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Biotransformation ; codeine ; immobilization ; morphine ; Spirulina platensis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Both freely suspended cells and immobilized cultures of Spirulina platensis, a blue-green alga, biotransformed exogenously fed codeine, an opium alkaloid, to morphine. The external addition of codeine to the culture medium did not affect the growth of S. platensis. Immobilization of Spirulina in a calcium alginate gel matrix was optimized by using 2% (w/v) sodium alginate and reducing the concentration of nutrients of Zarrouk's medium, which caused destabilization of the calcium alginate gel. The accumulation of morphine increased gradually and reached maxima of 330 μg 100 ml−1 culture at 105 h in freely suspended and 351 μg 100 ml−1 at 96 h in immobilized Spirulina cultures. Accumulation of morphine was detected only in the medium, whereas cells did not show accumulation. The immobilized Spirulina cultures showed marginally higher conversion of codeine to morphine over freely suspended cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008975901642
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fuzzy computer-aided design of process manufacturing facilities (1995)
    Springer
    Research in engineering design 7 (1995), S. 126-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-6066
    Keywords: Computer-aided design ; Facilities layout ; Fuzzy ; Preliminary design ; Process manufacturing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Preliminary design of process manufacturing facilities involves, among other things, the synthesis of detailed layout designs. In current practice, this spatial design process is very labor-intensive and expensive. This paper describes a prototype CAD system which models design decision-making, providing a computable framework for automation. The CAD system performs auto-elicitation of an expert's judgment in the form of fuzzy sets using interactive computer graphics. These fuzzy sets are then used in a heuristic search process employing multi-objective, non-linear optimization. Designs synthesized by this fuzzy CAD system are comparable to those generated “by hand,” and in some cases exceed a practitioner's design in quality. The CAD system, as presently constructed, provides multiple solutions. Conclusions and recommendations regarding processing speed and unrepresented heuristic content are made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01606906
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of circuit loss and space charge in gyro-travelling-wave tubes (1996)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 17 (1996), S. 1507-1517 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A modified dispersion relation of a gyro-TWT using a cylindrical waveguide excited in aT E mn -mode is derived incorporating the effect of the transverse space charge forces. The relation is subsequently studied considering the circuit losses and interpreted for the conventional TWT-type gain equation. The second harmonic operation using theT E 02 cylindrical waveguide mode resonated with the second beam-harmonic mode is found to be more sensitive to the Pierce's loss and space-charge parameters for a gyro-TWT than the fundamental operation using theT E 01 cylindrical waveguide mode resonated with the first beam-harmonic mode. It is established that these parameters substantially influence the device gain and must be considered for the prediction of its accurate value. Furthermore, these parameters when properly controlled can also improve the device bandwidth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02088504
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of brassionosteriods on nodulation and nitrogenase activity in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) (1999)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 28 (1999), S. 165-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: brassinosteroids ; groundnut ; nitrogenase activity ; nodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effect of brassinolide, 24-epibrassinolide and 28-homobrassinolide on nodulation and nitrogenase activity of groundnut was studied. The tested brassinosteroids substantially increased both nodulation and nitrogenase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006227417688
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological diversity in sorghum germplasm from India (1996)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 43 (1996), S. 559-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: evaluation ; sorghum ; diversity ; races ; germplasm utilization ; genetic stocks ; agronomic traits
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Of the 5000 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Monench) germplasm accessions assembled at ICRISAT Asia Center (IAC), over 4000 accessions from 11 major sorghum growing states in India were evaluated for morphological and agronomical characters at IAC during rainy and postrainy seasons. Considerable diversity was observed for all the characters studied. Diversity was more among states than within states. Variation among the seasons was also considerable. Days to flowering ranged from 42 to 129 days during postrainy and 33 to 180 days during the rainy season indicating their day length sensitivity. Plant height ranged from 65 to 330 cm during postrainy and 75 to 655 cm during rainy season. Panicle length ranged from 5 cm to 52 cm and panicle width from 1 to 51 cm. Erect and compact panicles are more frequent although all possible panicle shapes and compactness were found. In general, sorghums from India produce medium to large, lustrous grains in which the subcoat (testa) is absent. All the 5 basic and 10 intermediate sorghum races were found in India though durra or half-durra predominate. Racial diversity is maximal in the state of Andhra Pradesh followed by Maharashatra state. In the world collection a majority of the sources of resistance to shoot fly, stem borer, and striga are from India. Based on diversity for morphological and agronomical characters, India could be considered as the secondary center of diversity. Sorghum germplasm from India is useful for good quality large grain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00138832
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal growth and investigation of efficient non-linear optical materials in the mixed (2,-4-dinitrophenyl)-L-alanine (DPA) and 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA) system (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 179-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract When a 1∶1 weight mixture of (2,-4-dinitrophenyl)-L-alanine (DPA) and 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA) is dissolved in a 50∶50 volume mixture of ethyl acetate and hexane, two types of crystals were observed on slow evaporation. In the first stage of crystallization, light-yellow plates of MNA measuring up to 25 mm×5 mm×1 mm were formed, which belong to the triclinic space group P1 with lattice parameters a=0.7621 (3) nm, b=0.795 2(5) nm, c=0.8200 (2) nm, α=111.84(2)°, β= 93.76(2)°, γ=116.84(3)°, Z=2. The volume of the unit cell containing two molecules is 361.9(1)×10−3 nm3. The powder SHG efficiency of the triclinic polymorph (MNA(T)) is about the same as that of the monoclinic MNA(M). The Raman spectrum of the new crystal is similar to that of MNA(M) crystallized from the vapour phase or solution, except for the change in the intensity of a few bands. The DSC data show minor differences in the melting points and specific heats for the two phases. The second stage of crystallization resulted in the formation of orange-yellow coloured crystals of the DPA:MNA complex, in the monoclinic space group P21 with lattice parameters a =0.6876(1) nm, b=0.7621(3) nm, c=1.7626(4) nm, β=96.62(2)°, V=917.5 ×10−3 nm3, Z=2 for C16H17N5O8. The Raman spectrum of DPA:MNA consists of bands from both DPA and MNA. The complex melts at 138(1)°C with a specific heat of 25.3(4) cal g−1 according to the DSC measurements. The powder SHG efficiency is nearly the same as that of methyl-(2,4-dinitriphenyl)-aminoproanoate (MAP).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352148
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