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  • Springer  (171)
  • 1995-1999  (171)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bounds on spectral condition numbers of matrices arising in the $p$ -version of the finite element method (1995)
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 69 (1995), S. 333-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: Mathematics Subject Classification (1991):65N30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary. We estimate condition numbers of $p$ -version matrices for tensor product elements with two choices of reference element degrees of freedom. In one case (Lagrange elements) the condition numbers grow exponentially in $p$ , whereas in the other (hierarchical basis functions based on Tchebycheff polynomials) the condition numbers grow rapidly but only algebraically in $p$ . We conjecture that regardless of the choice of basis the condition numbers grow like $p^{4d}$ or faster, where $d$ is the dimension of the spatial domain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002110050096
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of algal addition on stability of fatty acids in enriched Artemia franciscana (1997)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 358 (1997), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Artemia franciscana ; DHA ; EPA ; ratesof loss
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Artemia franciscana, enriched for 24 h with emulsified lipids, thefatty acid DHA (22:6ω3) is unstable. In rotifers the level of DHA canbe stabilised by adding algae rich in DHA to the fish tanks. To test thismethod for A. franciscana, enriched A. franciscana was incubated with thealga Isochrysis galbana, which is rich in lipids and DHA, at sixconcentrations ranging from 1 to 20 mg C l−1 at 13–14°C. After lipid enrichment, A. franciscana contained15% lipids of which 79% (116 mg g DW−1) werefatty acids. Of the fatty acids, 17% was DHA (19.8 mg gDW−1). After 72 hours incubation with I. galbana, the level ofDHA decreased to 1.6–3.2 mg g DW−1, which was areduction by 84–92%. This was independent of the algalconcentration. The amount of total fatty acids decreased to 53–73 mg gDW−1, a reduction by 37–54%, independent of thealgal concentration. The rates of loss of the fatty acids, and especiallyDHA, was greater during the first 24 h at the highest algal concentrations(8, 10 and 20 mg C l−1). Enriched A. franciscana shouldtherefore not be incubated with high algal concentrations (〉6 mg Cl−1) during first feeding of marine fish larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003153218766
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  • 3
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    Effect of marine oils supplementation on coagulation and cellular activation in whole blood (1995)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0024-4201
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-9307
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
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    Bounds on spectral condition numbers of matrices arising in the $p$ -version of the finite element method (1995)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0029-599X
    Electronic ISSN: 0945-3245
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mathematical model for fibro-proliferative wound healing disorders (1996)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 58 (1996), S. 787-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The normal process of dermal wound healing fails in some cases, due to fibro-proliferative disorders such as keloid and hypertrophic scars. These types of abnormal healing may be regarded as pathologically excessive responses to wounding in terms of fibroblastic cell profiles and their inflammatory growth-factor mediators. Biologically, these conditions are poorly understood and current medical treatments are thus unreliable. In this paper, the authors apply an existing deterministic mathematical model for fibroplasia and wound contraction in adult mammalian dermis (Olsenet al., J. theor. Biol. 177, 113–128, 1995) to investigate key clinical problems concerning these healing disorders. A caricature model is proposed which retains the fundamental cellular and chemical components of the full model, in order to analyse the spatiotemporal dynamics of the initiation, progression, cessation and regression of fibro-contractive diseases in relation to normal healing. This model accounts for fibroblastic cell migration, proliferation and death and growth-factor diffusion, production by cells and tissue removal/decay. Explicit results are obtained in terms of the model processes and parameters. The rate of cellular production of the chemical is shown to be critical to the development of a stable pathological state. Further, cessation and/or regression of the disease depend on appropriate spatiotemporally varying forms for this production rate, which can be understood in terms of the bistability of the normal dermal and pathological steady states—a central property of the model, which is evident from stability and bifurcation analyses. The work predicts novel, biologically realistic and testable pathogenic and control mechanisms, the understanding of which will lead toward more effective strategies for clinical therapy of fibro-proliferative disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459482
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1997)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 59 (1997), S. 197-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459475
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Survival of Lactobacillus helveticus entrapped in Ca-alginate in relation to water content, storage and rehydration (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 23 (1999), S. 79-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: Ca-alginate entrapped lactobacilli; dehydration; water content; protective solutes; survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Lactobacillus helveticus CNRZ 303 entrapped in Ca-alginate gel beads was investigated for improved survival and stability during fluidized-bed drying, storage and rehydration. Addition of protective solutes was very important. Studies of the conditions showed that inactivation of entrapped L. helveticus started when the water content exceeded 0.3–0.4 g H2O (g dry wt)−1 for adonitol, glycerol and reconstituted non fat milk solids (NFSM). With Ringer’s solution (control) and betaine, the fall in viability was evident above 1 g H2O (g dry wt)−1. Drying down to 0.2 g H2O (g dry wt)−1 required the removal of 98.5–98.9% of the water. The best survival rate with the least injured cells among survivors was experienced with adonitol and NFMS, respectively, 71% and 57% (compared to the initial) immediately after dehydration. Adonitol and NFMS were also best for survival during storage. The highest cell recovery was obtained by rehydrating the cells in cheese whey permeate between 20–30°C done at pH 6.0–7.0, satisfying the demands for cell survival, repair and slow swelling (adaptions).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900693
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gibberellins and Subapical Cell Divisions in Relation to Bud Set and Bud Break in Salix pentandra (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of plant growth regulation 18 (1999), S. 167-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-8107
    Keywords: Key Words. Bud set—Bud break—Gibberellin—Growth cessation—Photoperiod—Salix pentandra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. In young plants of Salix pentandra, a temperate zone deciduous woody species, elongation growth ceases and a terminal bud is formed at day lengths shorter than a critical length. This is the first step in dormancy development, making survival under harsh winter conditions possible. Early studies strongly indicate that gibberellin is involved in the photoperiodic control of bud set and bud break. GA1 action was studied by application under short days to plants where cessation of shoot elongation had occurred, followed by subsequent anatomic investigations of shoot tips. Under short days the frequency of cell division decreased rapidly along with the earlier observed decrease in GA1 levels. Application of GA1 to short-day–induced terminal buds rapidly stimulated cell division in apices several days before visible shoot elongation in response to this treatment was observed. One day after GA1 application a fourfold increase in cell division frequency in apices was observed, increasing to a maximum of sevenfold 2 days after application. Long-day treatment leading to induction of bud break after about 4–6 days was followed by slowly increasing frequency of cell divisions. In earlier studies of this species, short days and gibberellins had no effect on cell elongation. These data show that increased GA1 content, by application or long-day treatment, results in increased frequency of mitosis. This strongly indicates that GA1 affects stem elongation in connection with bud set and bud break primarily by affecting cell divisions in subapical tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00007065
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nickel ferrite as inert anodes in aluminium electrolysis: Part I Material fabrication and preliminary testing (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 293-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: aluminium ; cermet ; electrode ; electrolysis ; inert ; NiFe2O4
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Dense, sintered samples of nickel ferrite/nickel oxide–copper cermets were produced and characterized. Three compositions were chosen, each with different NiO content. A new method of powder preparation involving no use of water as dispersant resulted in a well-dispersed ceramic phase with smaller metal grains than previously reported. The individual phases in the cermets were analysed quantitatively using energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, and significant differences between the materials were found. The electrical conductivity of the materials was measured, showing interesting properties not previously described. Reaction sintering was tried and found to lead to a microstructure different from that obtained with pre-calcined powder. The nickel contamination level in the electrolyte did not reach steady state after 4h of electrolysis. Iron and copper did seem to reach steady state after some irregular behaviour early in the tests. The total contamination level of anode constituents in the deposited metal was as low as 0.116wt%. These encouraging results seemed to be partly related to the cell configuration giving very slow mass transfer from the electrolyte into the metal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003460220418
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nickel ferrite as inert anodes in aluminium electrolysis: Part II Material performance and long-term testing (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 301-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: aluminium ; cermet ; electrode ; electrolysis ; inert ; NiFe2O4
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The behaviour of three different compositions based on nickel ferrite–nickel oxide–copper cermets was investigated as anode materials in laboratory electrolysis tests for 50h in a conventional cryolite-based electrolyte. The corrosion of the anodes was assumed to be mass transfer controlled and the transfer of impurities into the electrolyte and subsequently into the cathodically deposited metal was studied. The results indicate that the materials corroded in a controlled manner. Mass transfer coefficients of species from the anode to the electrolyte were of the order of 10−4ms−1 while the mass transfer coefficients for transfer of the species from the electrolyte into the deposited metal were of the order of 10−6ms−1. Nickel exhibited significantly lower mass transfer coefficients than those of iron and copper. The extrapolated corrosion rates of the anode ranged 1.2–2.0 cm year−1, which is acceptable from an industrial perspective. The contamination of the deposited aluminium with respect to Ni and Cu was, however, too high to meet current specifications for commercial grade metal. Post-electrolysis examination of the anodes showed that a reaction layer of approximately 50μm thickness was formed on the anodes. This layer did not contain any metal grains and seemed to prevent preferential corrosion of the metal phase in the underlying cermet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003464304488
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