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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphisms of the Vitamin D Receptor, Infant Growth, and Adult Bone Mass (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 60 (1997), S. 233 -235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone density — Vitamin D receptor — Polymorphism — Growth — Genetic.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Family and twin studies have demonstrated a strong genetic component to the development of peak bone mass. Early fetal and infant environment has also been shown to influence bone mass through an effect on skeletal size and mineral content. We report a retrospective study that has examined whether early infant growth is regulated by genetic factors shown to be associated with bone mass. We have determined the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene alleles for 66 women (mean age 65.5 years) on whom detailed birth records were available. There was a statistically significant trend (P= 0.04) for VDR genotype against weight at the age of 1 year, with the ``tt'' homozygote group having 7% higher weight. We conclude that early fetal or infant environment may interact with an individual's underlying genotype to program early skeletal growth, and that this may track through later life to influence adult characteristics. Further prospective studies are required, however, to fully clarify the precise environmental and genetic mechanisms underlying these findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900220
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover and Bone Loss at the Lumbar Spine and Femoral Neck: The Taiji Study (1999)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 65 (1999), S. 198-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone metabolic markers — Predictor — Osteoporosis — Epidemiology — Bone mineral density.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether biochemical markers of bone turnover predict bone loss. The survey was carried out in Taiji, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. From a list of inhabitants aged 40–79 years, 400 participants (50 men and 50 women in each of four age groups) were selected randomly. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured, and blood and urine samples of all participants were examined to obtain values for eight biochemical markers: alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone Gla protein (BGP), type I procollagen (carboxyterminal peptide of type I procollagen; PICP), cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide region of type I collagen (ICTP), and urinary excretion of calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), pyridinoline (Pyr), and deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr). Each marker was evaluated as a predictor of the rate of bone change in lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD over a 3-year period. The value of Pyr was significantly related to the change of lumbar spine BMD in men (P= 0.009), and that of BGP was found to be significant in women (P= 0.045). By contrast, none of the bone markers significantly correlated with bone loss at the femoral neck. The coefficient of determination at the lumbar spine was 5% and 7% at the femoral neck only. We conclude that biochemical markers of bone turnover cannot predict bone loss rates in middle-aged or elderly Japanese men and women over a 3-year period with sufficient accuracy for use in clinical decision making.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900682
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Relationship Between Childhood Growth, Bone Mass, and Muscle Strength in Male and Female Adolescents (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 60 (1997), S. 405 -409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone mineral density — Bone mineral content — Childhood growth — Dual X-ray absorptiometry — Muscle strength.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In this population-based study, the relationship between childhood weight and height, and adolescent bone mass and muscle strength have been studied in 39 girls and 48 boys. Total body and femoral neck bone mass measurements (bone mineral content, BMC and bone mineral density, BMD) were made by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Quadriceps muscle strength was measured. Mean age at the time of measurement was 15.1 years for girls and boys. Results were individually linked to data on childhood (birth to 6 years of age) weight and height, taken from community health records. Childhood weight was found to be predictive of adolescent total body BMC (TBMC). However, this was not the case when correlating childhood weight and total body BMD (TBMD), suggesting that growth determines the size of the skeleton, whereas the density within that bone envelope is to a greater extent governed by other factors. Further, in a multiple regression model we found that the combined effect of childhood weight and height was significantly correlated with adolescent quadriceps muscle strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900253
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron detachment and fragmentation in collisions between 1.25 keV/carbon and clusters and (1999)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 7 (1999), S. 79-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 34.70.+e Charge transfer - 36.40.-c Atomic and molecular clusters - 36.40.Qv Stability and fragmentation of clusters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The destruction cross-section for 22.5 and 50 keV C1- , for 10 and 50 keV C8 1- and for 50 and 75 keV C60 1- clusters in collisions with H2 has been measured by an attenuation method. The destruction of the cluster anions is dominated by electron detachment rather than fragmentation and is of the order of the geometric cross-section. The cross-sections vary little with bombarding energy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100530050350
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  • 5
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    Electron detachment and fragmentation in collisions between 1.25 keV/carbon $mathsf{C_{8}^{-}}$ and $mathsf{C_{60}^{-}}$ clusters and $mathsf{H_{2}}$ (1999)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-01
    Print ISSN: 1434-6060
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-6079
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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