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  • 63.20. — e  (1)
  • Key words Emulsifier  (1)
  • Springer  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman-spectroscopy study of PbTiO3 thin films grown on Si substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.30.Hv ; 63.20. — e ; 81.15.Gh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Raman spectra have been investigated in PbTiO3 thin films grown on Si by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. A large grazing-angle scattering technique was taken to measure the temperature dependence of Raman spectra below room temperature. All Raman modes in the thin films are assigned and compared with those in the bulk single crystal, a newA 1(TO) soft mode at 104 cm−1 was recorded which satisfies the Curie-Weiss relationω 2 =A(T c −T). Intensities of theA 1(1TO) andE(1TO) modes were anomalously strengthened with increasing temperature. Raman modes for the thin films exhibit remarkable frequency downshift and upshift which is related to the effect of internal stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01575095
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emulsifier for microemulsion polymerization (1998)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 276 (1998), S. 534-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Emulsifier ; microemulsion ; composition ; microemulsion polymerization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  By introducing an hydroxyl group and a lipophilic branch into the middle of lipophilic head of emulsifier 12-oxy-9-octadecenoic acid, a new emulsifier was synthesized and applied in microemulsion polymerization. When the emulsifier content in the microemulsion was kept to about 12%, the highest monomer content in microemulsion could achieve 35% for BA, 20% for St and MMA. The microemulsion with high monomer content remained clear after polymerization, and the average diameters of polymer particles were 38.9 nm for St microemulsion, 47.4 nm for BA, and 50.7 nm for MMA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050277
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