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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A common point mutation in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene in autosomal recessive L-DOPA-responsive dystonia in the Dutch population (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 102 (1998), S. 644-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report concerns one new mutation in the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene in three patients originating from three unrelated Dutch families with autosomal recessive L-DOPA-responsive dystonia (DRD). In this study, all exons of the TH gene were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and subjected to analyses by single-strand conformation polymorphism. An aberrant migration pattern was observed for exon 6 of the TH gene in all patients. Direct sequencing of the coding region of exon 6 revealed the presence of one novel missense mutation. An a698g transition resulted in the substitution of the evolutionary conserved arginine 233 by a histidine (R233H). All patients were homozygous for the mutation. This new mutation in the TH gene was confirmed by restriction enzyme analysis with the restriction enzyme HhaI. Thus, a high proportion of defective TH alleles may be R233H in The Netherlands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050756
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of macroscopic first- and third-order optical susceptibilities for the benzene crystal (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 99 (1998), S. 384-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Keywords: Key words: Susceptibilities ; Benzene crystal ; Polarizabilities ; Hyperpolarizabilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Starting from a set of high-level ab initio frequency-dependent molecular first- and third-order polarizabilities, the macroscopic first-order (linear) and third-order (cubic) susceptibilities of the benzene crystal are calculated. Environmental effects are taken into account using a rigorous local-field theory and are compared with the anisotropic Lorentz field factor approach. The experimentally determined first-order susceptibility of crystalline benzene is accurately reproduced. Dispersion curves for the first-order susceptibility and results for electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation and third-harmonic generation experiments are predicted. Comparison with similar calculations conducted in the course of molecular simulations of liquid benzene shows that the theoretical results for the two phases are of comparable accuracy. Overall, the results show that for the fairly compact nonpolar benzene molecules, environmental effects on the effective molecular response are small.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002140050352
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast firing of reaction-bonded aluminium oxide RBAO composites (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 5121-5124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Al2O3/ZrO2 composites have been prepared by fast firing of oxidized Al/Al2O3/ZrO2 precursors produced by the reaction-bonded aluminium oxide (RBAO) technique. This fabrication route results in high-strength ceramics at relatively low densities. For example, after fast firing for 20 min at 1550 °C, RBAO containing 20 vol% ZrO2 shows four-point bending strengths of 〉 600 MPa at a density of ∼95% theoretical which is comparable to conventionally sintered RBAO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356058
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low pressure injection moulding of SiC platelet reinforced reaction bonded silicon nitride (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 469-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Reaction-bonded Si3N4 toughened by oriented SiC platelets was fabricated via low pressure injection moulding (LPIM). Initially, the rheology of ceramic suspensions was optimized with respect to solid content, SiC platelet loading, particle surface properties and binder composition. Surface active additives were used to modify the particle–polymeric binder interphase in order to prevent particle reagglomeration, to reduce the viscosity and/or to increase the solid content. The relationship between LPIM processing variables and platelet orientation in injection moulded reaction bonded silicon nitride ceramics was studied and the resultant mechanical properties were compared to composites containing randomly dispersed platelets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018530122556
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of the cyst nematode resistance locus Gpa2 in potato using a strategy based on comigrating AFLP markers (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 874-880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Gene-for-gene ; Globodera pallida ; G. rostochiensis ; Potato Virus X ; Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena CPC 1673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The nematode resistance locus Gpa2 was mapped on chromosome 12 of potato using information on the genomic positions of 733 known AFLP markers. The minimum number of AFLP primer combinations required to map Gpa2 was three. This demonstrates that a reference collection of potato AFLP markers may be a valuable tool for mapping studies in potato. By use of RFLP probes, Gpa2 was more precisely mapped at the distal end of chromosome 12. Gpa2 confers resistance to a distinct group of populations of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida and originates from the same potato accession as locus H1, conferring resistance to pathotype Ro1 of G. rostochiensis. This study shows that these two nematode resistance loci are unlinked and that Gpa2 is linked to the Rx1 locus conferring resistance to potato virus X. The efficiency of AFLPs for genetic mapping of a highly heterozygous crop like potato is discussed and compared with the RFLP technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050638
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dominant and additive resistance to the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax in Central American Solanum species (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 692-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Introgression ; Potato resistance breeding ; Solanum fendleri ; S. stoloniferum ; S. hougasii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The inheritance of resistance to Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax in Solanum fendleri, S. hougasii and S. stoloniferum was studied assuming disomic behaviour of these polyploid Solanum species. Various populations were produced from crosses within the wild Solanum species; resistant×susceptible and reciprocal crosses (F1), self-pollinations (S1), testcrosses (TC) and self-pollinations (F2) of resistant hybrids, if possible. For the test crosses with S. hougasii, susceptible genotypes of S. iopetalum were used. In seedling tests, numbers of egg masses were counted after inoculation with M. chitwoodi or M. fallax. Almost all seedlings of the F1 and S1 populations of S. fendleri appeared to be resistant, whereas the TC and F2 populations of three different resistant hybrid genotypes segregated into resistant (having 1 or no egg mass) and susceptible plants (having more than 1 egg mass) at ratios of 1:1 and 3:1, respectively. The results clearly indicate the action of a single dominantly inherited gene, and the symbol R Mc2 is proposed for this gene. In the case of S. hougasii, F1 and S1 seedlings appeared to be mostly resistant. Difficulties were met in producing TC and F2 populations, and only four TC populations were obtained, which segregated at a 1:1 ratio. These results also indicate the presence of a simple dominant factor. For both S. fendleri and S. hougasii no differences were observed between M. chitwoodi and M. fallax, indicating that resistance genes are the same for both nematode species. The F1, S1 and TC populations of S. stoloniferum segregated for the square root number of egg masses into normal-like distributions, which deviated between the Meloidogyne species used. The patterns indicate the presence of several additive genes and one or more genes effective to M. fallax but not to M. chitwoodi. The relationship of resistance genes present in various Central American Solanum species is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050467
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introgression of resistance to root-knot nematodes from wild Central American Solanum species into S. tuberosum ssp. tuberosum (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 490-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words EBN ; In vitro seed culture ; Potato breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Crossing experiments were conducted to introduce resistance to the root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax, from various polyploid Central American Solanum spp. into the cultivated potato, S. tuberosum ssp. tuberosum. The most effort was put into producing tetraploid hybrids through inter-EBN (Endosperm Balance Number) crosses. From the crosses of tetraploid S. tuberosum (4 EBN) with tetraploid S. stoloniferum and S. fendleri (both 2 EBN), few seeds were derived that led to viable plants. In vitro culture of immature seeds also yielded several hybrid plants. From crosses of diploid S. tuberosum (2 EBN) with hexaploid S. hougasii (4 EBN) four hybrids were obtained through in vitro culture. Backcrosses were made with selected hybrids and a variable number of seeds was produced depending on the hybrid genotype. The successful introgression of resistance into backcross populations is shown. A scheme is presented for the introgression of traits at a tetraploid level from allotetraploid Solanum species into autotetraploid S. tuberosum through sexual crosses. The relevance of EBN for potato breeding is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050588
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Climate science and climate policy: Improving the science/policy interface (1996)
    Springer
    Mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change 1 (1996), S. 73-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1596
    Keywords: climate change ; climate policy ; the Netherlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The development of an international climate policy builds on national policy perspectives. These depend on the perceived risks of climate change, socioeconomic and cultural characteristics of the nations and regions involved, and the technical feasibility of policy measures. Scientific and technological research supports the policy making process about these issues. The perspectives of the scientific community and the policy makers differ and as a consequence communication is often troublesome. The construction and utilization of knowledge under such circumstances can only be effective if all parties involved engage in a continuous dialogue about causes, effects, impacts and responses. This paper describes a project carried out in the Netherlands. It has as its major objective the articulation of a variety of perceptions and positions related to climate change. As a result of the project, policy actors produced five policy options and formulated research questions. The policy options are linked in the framework of a policy life cycle. Research questions focus on the risks of climate change and on feasible social, economic, cultural and technological responses to it. As to the policy options, striving for common means appears to be more promising than pursuing shared goals and philosophies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625616
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Climate Science and Climate Policy: Improving the Science/Policy Interface (1996)
    Springer
    Mitigation and adaptation strategies for global change 1 (1996), S. 73-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1596
    Keywords: climate change ; climate policy ; the Netherlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The development of an international climate policy builds on national policy perspectives. These depend on the perceived risks of climate change, socioeconomic and cultural characteristics of the nations and regions involved, and the technical feasibility of policy measures. Scientific and technological research supports the policy making process about these issues. The perspectives of the scientific community and the policy makers differ and as a consequence communication is often troublesome. The construction and utilization of knowledge under such circumstances can only be effective if all parties involved engage in a continuous dialogue about causes, effects, impacts and responses. This paper describes a project carried out in the Netherlands. It has as its major objective the articulation of a variety of perceptions and positions related to climate change. As a result of the project, policy actors produced five policy options and formulated research questions. The policy options are linked in the framework of a policy life cycle. Research questions focus on the risks of climate change and on feasible social, economic, cultural and technological responses to it. As to the policy options, striving for common means appears to be more promising than pursuing shared goals and philosophies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:MITI.0000027540.98192.40
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure and mechanical properties of low-pressure injection-moulded reaction-bonded alumina ceramics (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 32 (1997), S. 2647-2654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Reaction-bonded alumina was fabricated using standard powder preparation methods and the low-pressure injection moulding (LPIM) forming technique, followed by reaction sintering. The feasibility of LPIM was investigated in terms of the compounding ability of a highly agglomerated mechanically alloyed powder in a non-polar organic vehicle, and the microstructural homogeneity and resulting reliability of sintered LPIM parts. The green density of LPIM parts after debinding, roughly corresponding to the solids loading in the LPIM feedstock, was in the range of fractional density achieved by dry pressing, although the powder packing and aluminium particle deformation during forming were not the same. LPIM forming and debinding induced microstructural inhomogeneities (i.e. larger voids due to trapped air and density fluctuations) which were reflected in a slightly lower Weibull modulus, while the average strength did not differ significantly from the values obtained with dry pressed samples. The microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered parts were also related to the purity of the starting powders. The presence of impurities in the starting aluminium powder resulted in a somewhat coarser microstructure, characterized by a broader Al2O3 grain-size distribution, as well as in the presence of a thin glassy phase on the grain boundaries and in partial destabilization of dispersed tetragonal (Y2O3-stabilized) ZrO2 particles. In spite of a less favourable microstructure, the room-temperature strength and Weibull modulus were still comparable to those obtained from high-purity starting powder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018618921415
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