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  • Springer  (75)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (18)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • Hindawi
  • 1995-1999  (94)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Miscibility of poly(α-methyl styrene-co-methacrylic acid) with alkyl methacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine copolymers (1995)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 34 (1995), S. 485-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The miscibility of blends of poly(α-methyl styrene-co-methacrylic acid) (PαMSMA) with various alkyl methacrylate polymers or poly(alkyl methacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy. PαMSMA is immiscible with poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate) and poly(n-butyl methacrylate). The introduction of 4-vinylpyridine by random free radical copolymerization within these alkyl methacrylate polymer chains enhanced the miscibility of these copolymers with PαMSMA as a result of specific interactions that occurred between the carboxylic and pyridine groups, evidenced from the significant changes observed by FTIR in the carboxyl and pyridine ring regions. The density of interacting groups required for miscible blends depends on the size of the pendant group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306244
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-Photon Absorption in InAs (1998)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 30 (1998), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using 125 ps laser pulses, we observe three-photon absorption in room temperature InAs at a wavelength of 9.54 µm. This effect is readily identified by temperature-tuning the semiconductor bandgap through the three-photon absorption edge. A three-photon absorption coefficient of K3 = 1 ± 0.6 × 10-3 cm3 MW-2 is extracted from non-linear absorption data obtained with an open-aperture Z-scan. Time-resolved measurement at high irradiance reveals an increase of absorption due to hot carriers. We also present an autocorrelation measurement of our CO2 laser pulse that shows two complete optical free-induction-decay cycles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006962228937
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A heptacoordinated mononuclear diphenylantimony carboxylate (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 29 (1999), S. 1103-1106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: antimony(V) ; mononuclear carboxylate ; heptacoordinated, structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The X-ray structure of a novel mononuclear heptacoordinated compound chlorodiphenylantimony(V) bis(2-methyl benzoate), SbPh2CI(O2C—2—Me—C6H4)2 is described. Crystal data are: Monoclinic, P21/c, a = 8.791(3), b = 21.687(3), c = 13.488(4) Å, β = 103.78(2)°, and Z = 4. A distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometry for antimony with both the carboxylates chelating is found in the solid state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009505724312
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal Constraint Satisfaction Techniques in Job Shop Scheduling Problem Solving (1998)
    Springer
    Constraints 3 (1998), S. 203-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9354
    Keywords: temporal constraint satisfaction ; job shop scheduling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract We describe a restriction of Dechter, Meiri and Pearl's TCSPs (Temporal Constraint Satisfaction Problems) sufficiently expressive to represent any job shop scheduling problem. A solver based on the restriction is then described, which is similar to Ladkin and Reinefeld's qualitative interval network solver; except, however, that the filtering method used during the search is not path consistency but either ULT (Upper-Lower Tightening) or LPC (Loose Path- Consistency), which are both less effective but have the advantage of getting rid of the so-called “fragmentation problem”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009777711218
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Tabu Search Approach for the Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of heuristics 4 (1998), S. 123-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9397
    Keywords: project management ; limited resources ; tabu search
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract An appropriate tabu search implementation is designed to solve the resource constrained project scheduling problem. This approach uses well defined move strategies and a structured neighbourhood, defines appropriate tabu status and tenure and takes account of objective function approximation to speed up the search process. A sound understanding of the problem has helped in many ways in designing and enhancing the tabu search methodology. The method uses diversification, intensification and handles infeasibility via strategic oscillation. The above methodology is tested on existing problems from the literature and also on parametrically generated problems with encouraging results. For comparison of results, optimal solutions are used in the former and lower bounds obtained by Lagrangian heuristics are used in the latter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009673512884
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and reactions of 2-mercaptomethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one (1996)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 127 (1996), S. 549-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: 1,3,4-Oxadiazole ; Nitrogen nucleophiles ; Cycloaddition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Titelverbindung (4) wurde aus Thioglycolsäurehydrazid und Chlorameisensäureethylester hergestellt. Die Reaktionen von4 mit aromatischen Aminen, Aminoderivaten, Hydrazinhydrat, Hydroxylamin und Formamid sowie die Addition von4 an α,β-ungesättigte Verbindungen (Chalkone, Maleinsäureanhydrid, Chinone, Acetonitril) wurden untersucht.
    Notes: Summary The title compound (4) was synthesized from thioglycolic acid hydrazide and ethyl chloroformate. The reactions of4 with aromatic amines, amino derivatives, hydrazine hydrate, hydroxylamine, and formamide were studied. Addition of compound4 to α,β-unsaturated compounds,i.e. chalcones, maleic anhydride, quinones, and acrylonitrile, was investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807080
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Friedel-Crafts Acylation of 2(3H)-Benzoxazolone: Investigation of the Role of the Catalyst and Microwave Activation (1999)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 130 (1999), S. 1393-1397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Keywords. 2(3H)-Benzoxazolone; Friedel-Crafts reaction; AlCl3-DMF complex; Microwave irradiation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung.  Im Zuge der Untersuchung komplexierter Spezies von AlCl3 im Rahmen von Friedel-Crafts-Reaktionen wurde die Acetylierung und Benzoylierung von 2(3H)-Benzoxazolon und 1-Methyl-2(3H)-benzoxazolon unter Variation des komplexierenden Amidagens untersucht. Es wurde dabei Dimethylformamid durch N-Methylformamid, Dimethylacetamid, Pyrrolidon, N-Methylpyrrolidon, Tetramethylharnstoff oder Dimethylsulfoxid ersetzt; es konnten jedoch keine Vorteile gegenüber Dimethylformamid beobachtet werden. Dieses Resultat beruht vermutlich darauf, daß der Komplex zwischen AlCl3 und diesen Amiden zu stabil ist. Darüber hinaus wurde auch die Möglichkeit, Polyphosphorsäure und Mikrowellenaktivierung einzusetzen, untersucht. Der besondere Vorteil liegt hiebei in den guten Ausbeuten, die bei relativ kurzen Reaktionszeiten erzielt werden können.
    Notes: Summary.  To study the scope and limitations of the use of complexed species of AlCl3 in Friedel-Crafts reactions, we investigated the acetylation and benzoylation of 2(3H)-benzoxazolone and 3-methyl-2(3H)-benzoxazolone varying the amide complexing agent. We replaced dimethylformamide by N-methylformamide, dimethylacetamide, pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, tetramethylurea, and dimethylsulfoxide. However, there was no particular advantage of substituting dimethylformamide by another amide ligand. This can probably be ascribed to the fact that the complex formed between AlCl3 and the complexing agent becomes too stable. Alternatively, a route using polyphosphoric acid and microwave activation was explored. The major advantage of running the reaction in a microwave oven was that a good yield was reached in a rather short period of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010199
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The group transfer theorem (1995)
    Springer
    Archiv der Mathematik 64 (1995), S. 5-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-8938
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01193542
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction and PCR detection of Desulfomonile tiedjei in soil slurry microcosms (1997)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 8 (1997), S. 125-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: Desulfomonile tiedjei ; soil ; PCR ; reductive dechlorination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this work was to test the feasibility ofintroducing an anaerobic microbial reductivedechlorination activity into non sterile soil slurrymicrocosms by inoculation with the pure anaerobicbacterial strain Desulfomonile tiedjei, which iscapable of dechlorinating 3-chlorobenzoate tobenzoate. To show that the bacterium was establishedin the microcosms we followed the expression of thereductive dechlorination activity and a molecularprobe based on PCR amplification of the 16S rDNA genewas developed. However, the success of PCRamplification of the 16S rDNA gene depends on the DNAextraction and purification methodologies applied, asshown through the use of several protocols. In thisstudy we report a DNA extraction and purificationmethod which generates sufficient and very clean DNAsuitable for PCR amplification of the D. tiedjei16S rDNA gene. The threshold of detection was about5.103 bacteria per gram of soil slurry.Introduction of D. tiedjei in soil slurrymicrocosms proved successful since 3-chlorobenzoatedechlorination activity was established with thisbacterium in microcosms normally devoid of thisdechlorination capacity. Indeed, the addition of D. tiedjei to microcosms supplemented with acetateplus formate as cosubstrate, at their respectiveconcentrations of 5 and 6 mM, led to a totalbiotransformation of 2.5 mM of 3-chlorobenzoate within12 days. After complete 3-chlorobenzoatedechlorination, the 16S rDNA gene of this bacteriumwas specifically detected only in the inoculatedmicrocosms as shown by PCR amplification followed byrestriction mapping confirmation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008262426800
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symbolic computation of robot models for geometric parameters identification with singularity analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent and robotic systems 16 (1996), S. 103-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0409
    Keywords: Parameter identification ; estimation techniques ; robot geometrical parameters ; Jacobian matrix
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The computation of the geometrical parameters identification model of a robot arm leads to an intrinsic extended Jacobian matrix. This matrix is often singular and its manual computation is tedious and may lead to error. A computer assisted procedure is developed to compute this matrix symbolically and to check its singularity. The program GPIM is developed in Pascal and works on PC's for this purpose. Jacobian singularity is checked using its symbolic expressions with the aid of a proposed table for robot arm parameters to obtain a minimum set of identified parameters. This program can be used for simple chain robot arms having revolute (R) and/or prismatic (P) joints including the case of consecutive near parallel axes. TH8 robot arm of type RPPRRR having two pairs of consecutive near parallel axes is studied to show the program efficiency and how singularity is eliminated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00449701
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