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  • American Institute of Physics  (29)
  • International Union of Crystallography  (6)
  • Institute of Physics  (4)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (3)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (3)
  • Hindawi
  • Springer Nature
  • 1995-1999  (46)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Multiple-step melting in two-dimensional hexatic liquid-crystal films (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-06-05
    Description: An unexpected three-stage melting transition has been observed in two-dimensional (2D) free-standing liquid-crystal films by in situ electron-diffraction and optical-reflectivity measurements. These data suggest the existence of two phases between the 2D solid and liquid: a hexatic phase and, at a higher temperature, an intermediate liquid phase with hexatic-like positional correlations ( approximately 40 angstroms) but no long-range orientational order. Previous high-resolution heat-capacity measurements have revealed a divergent-like anomaly at the hexatic-liquid transition that sharply contradicts the predictions of 2D melting theories. The observation of an intermediate isotropic phase may alter our understanding of 2D melting and lead to reconciliation between current experiments and theories.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chou -- Jin -- Hui -- Huang -- Ho -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 May 29;280(5368):1424-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉C.-F. Chou, Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. A. J. Jin, Applied Materials, 3320 Scott Boulevard, Mailstop 1114, Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA. S. W. Hui, Department of Biophysics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buf.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9603729" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Proapoptotic Bcl-2 relative Bim required for certain apoptotic responses, leukocyte homeostasis, and to preclude autoimmunity (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-27
    Description: Apoptosis can be triggered by members of the Bcl-2 protein family, such as Bim, that share only the BH3 domain with this family. Gene targeting in mice revealed important physiological roles for Bim. Lymphoid and myeloid cells accumulated, T cell development was perturbed, and most older mice accumulated plasma cells and succumbed to autoimmune kidney disease. Lymphocytes were refractory to apoptotic stimuli such as cytokine deprivation, calcium ion flux, and microtubule perturbation but not to others. Thus, Bim is required for hematopoietic homeostasis and as a barrier to autoimmunity. Moreover, particular death stimuli appear to activate apoptosis through distinct BH3-only proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bouillet, P -- Metcalf, D -- Huang, D C -- Tarlinton, D M -- Kay, T W -- Kontgen, F -- Adams, J M -- Strasser, A -- CA43540/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA80188/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 26;286(5445):1735-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria 3050, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10576740" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Autoimmune Diseases/etiology ; *Autoimmunity ; B-Lymphocytes/physiology ; Carrier Proteins/*physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; Gene Targeting ; Glomerulonephritis/etiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/physiology ; Homeostasis ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes/*physiology ; Male ; *Membrane Proteins ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Accessing genetic information with high-density DNA arrays (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-10-25
    Description: Rapid access to genetic information is central to the revolution taking place in molecular genetics. The simultaneous analysis of the entire human mitochondrial genome is described here. DNA arrays containing up to 135,000 probes complementary to the 16.6-kilobase human mitochondrial genome were generated by light-directed chemical synthesis. A two-color labeling scheme was developed that allows simultaneous comparison of a polymorphic target to a reference DNA or RNA. Complete hybridization patterns were revealed in a matter of minutes. Sequence polymorphisms were detected with single-base resolution and unprecedented efficiency. The methods described are generic and can be used to address a variety of questions in molecular genetics including gene expression, genetic linkage, and genetic variability.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chee, M -- Yang, R -- Hubbell, E -- Berno, A -- Huang, X C -- Stern, D -- Winkler, J -- Lockhart, D J -- Morris, M S -- Fodor, S P -- 5RO1HG00813/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Oct 25;274(5287):610-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Affymetrix, 3380 Central Expressway, Santa Clara, CA 95051, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8849452" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Base Composition ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Mitochondrial/*genetics ; Fluorescein ; Fluoresceins ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Variation ; *Genome ; Humans ; Mitochondria/*genetics ; *Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oligonucleotide Probes ; Phycoerythrin ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface modification and adhesion characteristics of polycarbonate films after graft copolymerization (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 357-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: surface graft copolymerization ; adhesive-free adhesion ; polycarbonate ; XPS ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The surfaces of ozone-pretreated polycarbonate films were subjected to further modification by thermally induced graft copolymerization with acrylic acid (AAc), sodium salt of styrene sulfonic acid (NaSS), N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA), N,N-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and 3-dimethyl(methacryloyl ethyl)-ammonium propanesulfonate (DMAPS) monomers. The structure and composition at the copolymer interface were studied by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For polycarbonate films with a substantial amount of grafted polymer, the hydrophilic graft penetrates or becomes partially submerged beneath a thin surface layer of dense substrate chains. This microstructure was further supported by the water contact angle measurements. Adhesive-free adhesion studies revealed that the AAc, DMAA or DMAPS graft copolymerized polycarbonate film surface adhered strongly to another similarly modified surface (homo-interface) when brought into direct contact in the presence of water and subsequently dried. The development of the lap shear strength is dependent on the concentration of the surface graft, the microstructure of the grafted surface, the adhesion (drying) time, and the nature of the interfacial interaction. The simultaneous presence of chain entanglement and electrostatic interaction readily results in substantially enhanced adhesion strengths between two DMAPS graft copolymerized surfaces or between an AAc and a DMAA graft copolymerized surface (hetero-interface). XPS analyses of the delaminated surfaces suggest that failure occurred cohesively below the graft-substrate interface. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 357-366, 1998
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN EXACT STRUCTURAL STATIC REANALYSIS METHOD (1997)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 13 (1997), S. 103-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: static reanalysis ; finite element method ; structural analysis ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents an exact structural static reanalysis method for locally modified structures. Through the introduction of structural rigid body motion eigenvectors, the generalized structural compliance matrix can be obtained and the original stiffness equation is transformed into a linear system of much lower order. The general solution of displacements can be expressed prior to any assignment of boundary conditions. For a structure with given boundary and loading conditions, the displacements can be obtained by solving this linear system. For locally modified structures, the structural compliance matrix can be adjusted quickly. This static reanalysis method can be used for structures with modifications on structural elements, boundary and loading conditions, either independently or in combination. Two test examples are provided in the paper to prove the efficiency of the method. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AN INVERSE PROBLEM IN PREDICTING TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT HEAT CAPACITY PER UNIT VOLUME WITHOUT INTERNAL MEASUREMENTS (1996)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 39 (1996), S. 605-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: inverse heat conduction problem ; heat capacity determination ; non-linear problem ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An inverse analysis utilizing the conjugate gradient method and the minimization of adjoint equation is used successfully to estimate the temperature dependent heat capacity per unit volume in a homogeneous medium.No prior information is available on the functional form of the unknown heat capacity in the present study, thus, it is classified as the function estimation in inverse calculation. The accuracy of the inverse analysis is examined by using simulated exact and inexact measurements obtained within the medium. Results show that an excellent estimation on the heat capacity per unit volume can be obtained by using just boundary measurements (i.e. internal measurements are unnecessary) and the CPU time used in VAX-9420 computer is less than one second.The advantages of applying this algorithm in inverse analysis can greatly simplify the experimental set-up, diminish the sensitivity to the measurement errors and reduce the CPU time in inverse calculation, while the reliable predictions can still be achieved.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 7
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    Field and temperature effects on oxide charge detrapping in a metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor by measuring a subthreshold current transient (1997)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-08-25
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 8
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    Fractal aggregation and optical absorption of copper nanoparticles prepared by in situ chemical reduction within a Cu2+-polymer complex (1999)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-22
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 9
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    Multiple-frequency continuous wave ultrasonic system for accurate distance measurement (1999)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    The thermal refractive index coefficients of 7.5 mol % Nb:KTiOPO4 crystals (1999)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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