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  • Springer  (39)
  • 1995-1999  (39)
  • 1905-1909
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Open-Label Extension Study of Alendronate Treatment in Elderly Women with Osteoporosis (1999)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 64 (1999), S. 463-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Alendronate — Treatment — Bone mineral density — Osteoporosis — Elderly women.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We have recently reported the results of a 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 359 elderly osteoporotic women who were treated with daily oral alendronate (ALN) 1, 2.5, or 5 mg or placebo (PBO). We report the results of a 12-month, open-label, extension study during which 246 patients from the original study were treated with ALN 10 mg/day. Significant increases in lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) were observed in patients who had previously received PBO or ALN 1 and 2.5 mg/day for 24 months. Significant gains in trochanter BMD were seen in all treatment groups. Small changes were observed in femoral neck, total body, and forearm BMD during the course of this extension study. In general, the greatest increases in BMD during the open-label extension year occurred in patients who received either PBO or the lower doses of ALN during the previous 2-year blinded study. The frequencies of all categories of upper gastrointestinal adverse experiences (AEs) were less during months 25–36 (open-label extension) than during months 0–24 (original study). In conclusion, treatment with ALN 10 mg/day for 12 months in elderly women with osteoporosis who were previously treated for 24 months with PBO or ALN 1, 2.5, or 5 mg/day increased or maintained BMD of the spine, trochanter, and forearm, and was generally safe and well tolerated, especially in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900634
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Classification of coupling patterns among spontaneous rhythms and ventilation in the sympathetic discharge of decerebrate cats (1996)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 75 (1996), S. 163-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  The spontaneous low- and high-frequency rhythms in the sympathetic discharge of decerebrate artificially ventilated cats are affected by external ventilation. Two graphical methods (i.e. the space-time separation plot and the frequency tracking locus) are used to classify the non-linear interactions. The observed behaviours in the sympathetic discharge consist of phase-locked periodic dynamics (at various frequency ratios with ventilation), quasiperiodic and aperiodic patterns. They depend on the experimental condition. In control condition the sympathetic discharge appears more frequently locked to each ventilatory cycle (1 : 1 dynamics). However, some cases of quasiperiodic dynamics are found. A sympathetic activation stimulus, such as inferior vena cava occlusion, is able to synchronise slow rhythms in the sympathetic discharge to a subharmonic of ventilation. During a sympathetic inhibition stimulus, such as aortic constriction, 1 : 1 dynamics is detected but the amplitude of the sympathetic responses can be modulated by unlocked slow rhythms. Moreover, some cases of aperiodic dynamics are observed. Vagotomy reduces the 1 : 1 coupling between sympathetic outflow and ventilation. Vagotomy plus spinalisation disrupts periodic dynamics in the sympathetic discharge so that irregular and complex patterns are found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004220050284
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antimitotic and antiviral activities of Kelletinin A in HTLV-1 infected MT2 cells (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 1076-1080 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Kelletinin A ; HTLV-1 ; antiviral-activity ; reverse-transcriptase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Kelletinin A [ribityl-pentakis (p-hydroxybenzoate)] (KA), a natural compound isolated from the marine gastropodBuccinulum corneum, showed antiviral activity on the human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and antimitotic activity on HTLV-1-infected MT2 cells. KA inhibited cellular DNA and RNA synthesis, without influencing protein synthesis, and interfered with viral transcription by reducing the levels of high molecular weight transcripts. Finally, the compound inhibited HTLV-1 reverse transcriptase in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01946920
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minimum weight shape and size optimization of truss structures made of uncertain materials (1998)
    Springer
    Structural optimization 16 (1998), S. 147-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 0934-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Truss structures are optimized with respect to minimum weight with constraints on the value of some displacement and on the member stresses. The truss is considered made of an uncertain material, i.e. the value of the material constants are not known in a deterministic way, and each member may then exhibit a different value of stiffness, within a limited range of variation. The optimization must be done so that optimal solutions remain feasible for each value that the material constants may take for the considered uncertainty. In the present work a nonprobabilistic approach to uncertainty is used, and a variation of the material moduli with a, probabilistically speaking, uniform distribution over a convex and linearly bounded domain is considered. The two-step method is used to include the uncertainty within the optimization, where a diagonal quadratic approximation is used for the objective function and the constraints. Solutions for some of the most classical truss examples are found and compared with those obtained using nominal values of material constants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202825
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conditional entropy approach for the evaluation of the coupling strength (1999)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 81 (1999), S. 119-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A method that enables measurement of the degree of coupling between two signals is presented. The method is based on the definition of an uncoupling function calculating, by means of entropy rates, the minimum amount of independent information (i.e. the information carried by one signal which cannot be derived from the other). An estimator of the uncoupling function able to deal with short segments of data (a few hundred samples) is proposed, thus enabling the method to be used for usual experimental recordings. A synchronisation index is derived from the estimate of the uncoupling function by means of a minimisation procedure. It quantifies the maximum amount of information exchanged between the two signals. Simulations in which non-linear coordination schemes are produced and changes in the coupling strength are artificially induced are used to check the ability of the proposed index to measure the degree of synchronisation between signals. The synchronisation analysis is utilised to measure the coupling strength between the beat-to-beat variability of the sympathetic discharge and ventilation in decerebrate artificially ventilated cats and the degree of synchronisation between the beat-to-beat variability of the heart period and ventricular repolarisation interval in normal subjects and myocardial infarction patients. The sympathetic discharge and ventilation are strongly coupled and the coupling strength is not affected by manoeuvres capable of increasing or depressing sympathetic activity. The synchronisation is lost after spinalisation. The synchronisation analysis confirms that the heart period and ventricular repolarisation interval are well coordinated. In normal subjects, the synchronisation index is not modified by experimental conditions inducing changes in the sympathovagal balance. On the contrary, it strongly decreases after myocardial infarction, thus detecting and measuring the uncoupling between the heart period and ventricular repolarisation interval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004220050549
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutational and genetic origin of LDL receptor gene mutations detected in both Belgian and Dutch familial hypercholesterolemics (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 100 (1997), S. 266-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract DNA samples from 100 unrelated Belgian patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) were screened for the presence of specific low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene mutations, previously shown to be prevalent in related populations. Two point mutations, viz., P664L and a G to A splicing defect at position 1359–1, were detected in single Flemish-speaking families. A long-distance polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, used to screen for the 4-kb and 2.5-kb deletions previously identified by Southern blot analyses in different parts of The Netherlands, revealed a 3-kb deletion in two Belgian patients. Comparison of PCR product length showed that both Dutch deletions of exons 7–8 are identical to that found in Belgians, but different from the 2.5-kb deletion previously described in South Africans of mixed ancestry. The Belgian patients probably share a common ancestor, for each mutation identified, with FH patients from The Netherlands, since all three mutations were associated with the same LDLR gene haplotype as described for the Dutch population. Analysis of the deletion junctions demonstrated the role of a 31-bp repetitive sequence in the generation of large rearrangements involving exons 7 and 8 of the LDLR gene. The finding that only 4 out of 100 analyzed Belgian hypercholesterolemics carry a known LDLR mutation that is prevalent in related populations suggests that the Belgian FH population has its own spectrum of mutations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050503
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory simulation of geogas microbubble flow (1996)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 27 (1996), S. 226-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Geogas ; Microbubbles ; Radionuclide transport ; Gas advection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Preliminary laboratory tests provided first data on the behavior of gas microbubbles through porous media in the framework of the geogas theory. Under experimented conditions with laboratory equipment arranged for pressure controlled gas-tracer injection and sampling, gas microbubbles moved up to ten times faster than singlephase flow in dry media under the same injection pressure. Microbubbles were determined to be very sensitive to changes in injection pressure and their terminal velocity seems to be described with good approximation by the Stokes formula. The capability of microbubbles to pick up and transport upward for short distances solid ultra-small particles (metallic and radionuclide compounds) has been proved. Results are consistent with a time-dependent process linked to the transport properties of microbubbles (e.g., flotation), such as that reported by some authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00770436
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laboratory simulation of geogas microbubble flow (1996)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 27 (1996), S. 226-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words: Geogas ; Microbubbles ; Radionuclide transport ; Gas advection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Preliminary laboratory tests provided first data on the behavior of gas microbubbles through porous media in the framework of the geogas theory. Under experimented conditions with laboratory equipment arranged for pressure controlled gas-tracer injection and sampling, gas microbubbles moved up to ten times faster than single-phase flow in dry media under the same injection pressure. Microbubbles were determined to be very sensitive to changes in injection pressure and their terminal velocity seems to be described with good approximation by the Stokes formula. The capability of microbubbles to pick up and transport upward for short distances solid ultra-small particles (metallic and radionuclide compounds) has been proved. Results are consistent with a time-dependent process linked to the transport properties of microbubbles (e.g. flotation), such as that reported by some authors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050055
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive Fault Detection and Diagnosis of RAM Interconnects (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of electronic testing 15 (1999), S. 157-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0727
    Keywords: diagnosis ; interconnect ; memory ; detection ; wiring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract We give three new algorithms to compute tests for faults in the interconnects of random access memories (RAM) using only read and write operations. Diagnosis of address line faults is the most difficult step. Our Adaptive Diagnosis Algorithm (ADA) considers each address line separately. Single line faults are easy to diagnose, so the objective is to ascertain which address lines are free of faults, thereby pruning impossible multi-line faults. Our Consecutive Diagnosis Algorithm (CDA) uses a more complicated and lengthier test sequence. However, with CDA, interpreting the test results is easier and the diagnostic resolution is superior. Our third algorithm, Adaptive Diagnosis Algorithm with Repair (ADAR), relies upon additional testing after repair in order to diagnose more faults than would otherwise be possible. ADAR has three test stages with two repair stages between them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008396604722
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new type of biepitaxialc-axis tilted YBCO Josephson junction (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 9 (1996), S. 237-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: Josephson junctions ; YBCO ; grain boundary ; MgO seed layer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A novel fabrication procedure of high critical temperature superconductor Josephson junctions (HTCSJJ) has been developed by a 90° rotation of YBa2Cu3O7−x c-axis around an in-plane direction, on the basis of concepts of the biepitaxial technique. YBa2Cu3O7−x grows oriented along (001) direction on a MgO seed layer deposited on a (110) SrTiO3 substrate and along (110) direction on the bare substrate. Josephson junctions of good quality were obtained exhibiting RSJ behavior and features characteristic of HTCSJJ phenomenology. Even if not uniform, in some samples, the nature of the critical currentI c is completely Josephson, as resulting from theI c dependence on the applied magnetic field. The maximum measuredI c R N value atT=4.2K is 2mV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00728309
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