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  • Wiley  (23)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (9)
  • International Union of Crystallography  (6)
  • 1995-1999  (37)
  • 1935-1939  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal wave imaging of electrically heated microstructures (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 2013-2018 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The thermoreflectance technique is applied for imaging electric current distributions and thermal transfer in a temperature reference resistor heated by an alternating current. High-frequency scans (30 kHz) allow imaging of the current density distribution in conducting strips of the resistor while scans of amplitude and phase of the surface temperature variation at lower frequencies reveal plane, cylindrical, and spherical thermal waves. We investigate wave dimensionality as a function of heating geometry and thermal length, and present a simple method allowing a quantitative thermal analysis by exploiting the phase profile of cylindrical thermal waves. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363094
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms behind green photoluminescence in ZnO phosphor powders (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7983-7990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We explore the interrelationships between the green 510 nm emission, the free-carrier concentration, and the paramagnetic oxygen-vacancy density in commercial ZnO phosphors by combining photoluminescence, optical-absorption, and electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectroscopies. We find that the green emission intensity is strongly influenced by free-carrier depletion at the particle surface, particularly for small particles and/or low doping. Our data suggest that the singly ionized oxygen vacancy is responsible for the green emission in ZnO; this emission results from the recombination of a photogenerated hole with the singly ionized charge state of this defect. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362349
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of B-site cation stoichiometry on electrical fatigue of RuO2//Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3//RuO2 capacitors (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1013-1016 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: There have been numerous reports that Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3 (PZT) thin-film capacitors with RuO2 electrodes and compositions near the morphotropic phase boundary exhibit minimal decrease in switched polarization with electric-field cycling. We show that the fatigue performance of RuO2//PZT//RuO2 capacitors strongly depends on PZT film composition. Specifically, we demonstrate that the rate of polarization fatigue increases with increasing Ti content for PZT thin films of tetragonal crystal symmetry deposited on RuO2 electrodes. As the Ti content of the PZT films increased, the film gain morphology changed from columnar to granular and the volume percent of a fluorite-type second phase decreased. These microstructural trends and the possibility that the electrode material acts as a sink for oxygen vacancies are discussed to explain the fatigue dependence on B-site cation ratio for PZT films with RuO2 electrodes. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360888
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring local thermal conductivity in polycrystalline diamond with a high resolution photothermal microscope (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2966-2972 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A photothermal microscope that provides micrometer lateral and submicrometer depth resolution was designed. Thermal conductivity measurements with modulation frequencies up to 12 MHz on single grains in polycrystalline diamond demonstrate its lateral resolution power even for a highly conducting material. Measured conductivities strongly depend on the averaged volume and values up to 2200 W/mK are found in the high frequency limit where the properties inside a grain are sampled. The capability of the instrument to measure thermal parameters on thin films is demonstrated for gold films evaporated on quartz with a thickness ranging from 20 to 1500 nm. Measurements reveal a strong thickness dependence for both thin film conductivity and the contact resistance between film and substrate. Thermal conductivity decreases monotonically from 230 to 30 W/mK whereas the contact resistance rises from 2×10−7 to 8×10−6 m2K/W with decreasing film thickness. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364329
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of Pb doping on the optical and electronic properties of ZnO powders (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 1280-1282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy have been combined to characterize Pb-doped ZnO ceramic powders. We observe a decrease in the 2.26 eV emission peak and a concomitant smearing of the band edges, narrowing the effective gap of the grains to ≈2 eV with increasing lead content. Both phenomena are at least in part attributed to the formation of a separate PbO-like phase, likely residing at the grain boundaries. The free-carrier concentration in the grains was also observed to decrease with increasing Pb content. Our EPR results suggest that this may be due to electron transfer from oxygen vacancy donors to substitutional Pb centers, acting as electron traps. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114397
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model for ion-irradiation induced hydrogen loss from organic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 1058-1064 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the study of interfacial diffusion processes in polymer light-emitting diodes, the use of high-energy ion-scattering techniques can be of great value due to the possibility of quantitative elemental depth profiling. However, ion irradiation of polymers is known to cause various degradation effects, including the loss of hydrogen. Since the hydrogen loss determines the accuracy of depth profiling, it is an interesting subject for study in order to define experimental conditions in which the degradation is suppressed. The loss of hydrogen from porphyrins (organic solar cells) has been measured by means of elastic recoil detection analysis with 2, 4, and 7.6 MeV He+ beams. A theoretical model is proposed in which the hydrogen loss is described through the formation and recombination of free hydrogen radicals. A distinct difference is introduced between direct recombination processes and the diffusion of radicals out of the ion track. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365871
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between photoluminescence and oxygen vacancies in ZnO phosphors (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 403-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By combining electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, a strong correlation is observed between the green 510 nm emission, the free-carrier concentration, and the density of singly ionized oxygen vacancies in commercial ZnO phosphor powders. From these results, we demonstrate that free-carrier depletion at the particle surface, and its effect on the ionization state of the oxygen vacancy, can strongly impact the green emission intensity. The relevance of these observations with respect to low-voltage field emission displays is discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116699
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic behavior of the monomer–monomer surface reaction model with adsorbate interactions (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 107 (1997), S. 7397-7401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The monomer–monomer surface reaction model with an adsorbate interaction term is studied. An epidemic analysis of the poisoning times (tp) for small square lattices as a function of lattice edge length L and interaction strength α at the point of equal adsorption rates yields a dynamic scaling relation which describes the crossover between log-power-law and exponential behavior in L, and is able to fit the entire dependence of tp upon α and L. The phase transition is further explored by varying adsorption rates and is found to follow second-order kinetics. A mean-field approximation is introduced as a comparison for the numerical results. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.474977
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The near-infrared bands of NO2 observed by high-resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 10217-10221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fourier-transform absorption spectra of NO2 at 298 K were recorded between 9000–15 000 cm−1 at Doppler-limited resolution (0.012 cm−1), in the region near the A˜ 2B2–X˜ 2A1 conical intersection. The strong rovibronic bands are rather isolated and organized into polyads which can be assigned by the number of bending quanta of the A˜ 2B2 state, corresponding to the transitions with the largest Franck–Condon factors. Around 9735 cm−1, where the origin of the A˜ 2B2–X˜ 2A1 vibronic band system is located and up to about 11 200 cm−1, hot bands dominate the spectrum. The complexity of the spectrum increases with energy due to an increasing density of A˜ 2B2 and X˜ 2A1 vibrational levels. The rotational structure is dense and irregular as already observed for higher bands. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.477716
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  • 10
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    A Soil‐on‐Agar Method to Evaluate Acid‐Soil Resistance in White Clover (1997)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0011-183X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0653
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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