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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sintering of Fine Oxide Powders: II, Sintering Mechanisms (1997)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Conventional and new sintering mechanisms have been investigated using fine powders of CeO2 and Y2O3 of excellent sinterability. We have verified the validity of Herrings scaling law for 60%–84% relative density and found that it is consistent with grain-boundary-diffusion control. At lower densities, we have found that pores larger than the critical size, in the sense of Kingery and Francois, can still be sintered readily. This is rationalized by a new sintering mechanism based on particle repacking concurrent with particle coarsening, resulting in a higher packing factor. Very fine, surface-active powders that coarsen rapidly are uniquely capable of taking advantage of this new sintering mechanism, which along with their propensity to homogenization, accounts for their remarkable sinterability even at very low green densities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb02879.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An exceptionally well-preserved theropod dinosaur from the Yixian Formation of China (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 391 (1998), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Two spectacular fossilized dinosaur skeletons were recently discovered in Liaoning in northeastern China. Here we describe the two nearly complete skeletons of a small theropod that represent a species closely related to Compsognathus. Sinosauropteryx has the longest tail of any known theropod, and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/34356
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological adaptation during cell dehydration and rewetting of a newly-isolated Chlorella species (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 96 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A new terrestrial species of green alga (Chlorella sp. strain DT) that survives under extremely dry conditions was isolated from an arid mountainous area of Taiwan. The water content of the cells dropped to less than 3% after 3 h dehydration at 42°C. The dried cells could regrow if they were rewetted. The photosynthetic activity of the cells ceased following 2 h of dehydration, but respiratory activity was still detectable after 3 h desiccation. During the rewetting process, respiration increased immediately and then decreased to a steady level after 5 days of rewetting, matching the net photosynthetic oxygen evolution. The cells had 38% neoxanthin (1520 nmol g−1 dry weight), 39% lutein (1580 nmol g−1 dry weight), and 14% violaxanthin (570 nmol g−1 dry weight) of total carotenoids, but only 5.1%β-carotene (210 nmol g−1 dry weight), 3.8%α-carotene (150 nmol−1 g dry weight) and a trace of antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin. Upon dehydration, zeaxanthin and carotene contents increased and recovered to normal levels after 8 days of rewetting. The photoprotective xanthophyll cycle was found in these cells. It appears that the energy dissipation process for preventing photodamage is perhaps one of the tolerance mechanisms in this Chlorella strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1996.tb00458.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical demonstration of shift-, rotation- and limited size-invariant pattern recognition using a circular harmonic-synthetic discrimination function filter (1996)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 28 (1996), S. 1543-1550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical means of performing pattern recognition possessing shift-, rotation- and limited size-invariance is demonstrated. The experimental set-up is a standard Fourier transform correlator with a binary circular harmonic (CGH) filter. The filtering function of the filter is obtained by the synthetic discriminant functions (SDF) method. In the process of synthesizing the filtering function, circular harmonic functions are chosen as the basic functions. Both optical results and computer simulation results demonstrate that the filter is able to recognize the target in every rotational orientation and in the relative size range of 1–1.82.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326224
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xenoplastische Transplantationen des Chorda und Myotommaterials zwischenTriton alpestris undBombinator pachypus im Gastrula und Neurulastadium (1955)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 147 (1955), S. 634-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00575538
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of hepatitis delta virus genomic ribozyme self-cleavage by aminoglycosides (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 4 (1997), S. 208-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: HDV ; Ribozyme ; Aminoglycosides ; MgCl2 ; Inhibition ; Chemical modification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Subgenomic regions of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA contains ribozyme whose activities are important to viral life cycles and depend on a unique pseudoknot structure. To explore the characters of HDV ribozyme, antibiotics of the aminoglycoside, which has been shown inhibiting self-splicing of group I intron and useful in elucidating its structure, were tested for their effect on HDV genomic ribozyme. Aminoglycosides, including tobramycin, netromycin, neomycin and gentamicin effectively inhibited HDV genomic ribozyme self-cleavage in vitro at a concentration comparable to that inhibiting group I intron self-splicing. The extent of inhibition depended upon the concentration of magnesium ion. Chemical modification mapping of HDV ribozyme RNA indicated that the susceptibility of nucleotide 703 to the modifying agent was enhanced in the presence of tobramycin, suggesting a conformational shift of HDV ribozyme, probably due to an interaction with the aminoglycoside. Finally, we examined the effect of aminoglycoside on HDV cleavage and replication in cell lines, however, none of the aminoglycoside effective in vitro exerted suppressive effects in vivo. Our results represented as an initial effort in utilizing aminoglycoside to probe the structure of HDV ribozyme and to compare its reaction mechanism with those of other related ribozymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253420
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatocyte growth factor stimulates the growth and activates mitogen-activated protein kinase in human hepatoma cells (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 5 (1998), S. 180-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Hepatocyte growth factor ; Hepatoma cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a potent mitogen for hepatocytes and various epithelial cells. Unexpectedly, it has been reported to inhibit the growth of hepatoma cells in vitro. To clarify this phenomenon, we examined the effects of recombinant baculovirus-expressed HGF on the growth of 6 human hepatoma cell lines. The growth of Hep3B and HepG2 cells was markedly stimulated to 1.8- and 1.7-fold, respectively, PLC/PRF/5 to 1.4-fold, and SK-Hep-1 to 1.2-fold in a dose-dependent manner under HGF concentrations below 20 ng/ml. Neither HuH-7 nor HCC36 were affected. None of these cells were inhibited. All these cells expressed c-Met, the membrane receptor for HGF, and their c-Met would be activated to be phosphorylated upon addition of HGF. They also contained the ERK2 subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). When HGF was added, their ERK2 would also be phosphorylated. The extent of ERK2 phosphorylation was partially correlated to their growth response to HGF. In conclusion, HGF could stimulate the growth of certain human hepatoma cells, probably through activation of c-Met and MAPKs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253467
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment and characterization of NS3 protein-specific T-cell clones from a patient with chronic hepatitis C (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 5 (1998), S. 290-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Hepatitis C virus ; T-cell clones ; Cytokines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our previous study showed dominant proliferative response of peripheral mononuclear cells to hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural (NS-3) (T9, from aa 1188 to 1493) in chronically infected patients. Six T9-specific T-cell clones derived in an HCV patient were established and studied for the antigen specificity and the ability of augmentation of in vitro antibody production. All these cloned T-cell lines responded exclusively to T9 antigen and could help autologous B cells in producing anti-T9 antibody in vitro. Cytokine mRNAs of these T cells was detected by polymerase chain reaction and predominant IL-2 and IFN-γ production was noted. In addition, further elucidation of T-cell antigenic determinant and MHC restriction suggested that these T-cell clones recognized at least two different T-cell antigenic determinants within the NS-3 region in an HLA DQ2-restricted manner. We believe characterization of HCV-specific T-cell responses, especially T-cell epitope mapping and cytokine production pattern, may shed light on further understanding the pathogenic mechanism and designing therapy for HCV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255861
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term culture of hepatocytes from human adults (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 5 (1998), S. 435-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Human hepatocyte ; Primary culture ; Matrigel matrix ; Collagen gel sandwich ; Albumin ; α-Fetoprotein ; Transferrin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A long-term primary human hepatocyte culture retraining liver-specific functions is important and essential for basic research and for the future development of hepatocyte-based applications. We established a normal hepatocyte culture system from excess normal tissues obtained from adult liver cancer patients who received partial liver resection. Hepatocytes were isolated after perfusion and enzymatic disaggregation, and were first maintained in hormonally defined media on a Matrigel matrix, and then transferred to collagen sandwich gel. The hepatocytes formed clusters on the Matrigel matrix and increased in size and numbers with time of culture and eventually grew into spheroids of variable sizes. After being transferred to collagen gel, the cells migrated outward from spheroids to form a monolayer with cuboidal or polygonal cell shapes with granular cytoplasm and continued to proliferate. Cellular functions specific for hepatocytes were analyzed using immunoblot assay for proteins specifically secreted by the liver cells on different days of culture. The cells secreted albumin, transferrin and α-fetoprotein consistently for more than 100 days, to a maximum of 150 days. Thus, we have established a long-term culture of hepatocytes from human adults, which will be useful for basic studies of liver physiology such as metabolism and morphogenesis, as well as for other applications in the study of infectious hepatitis, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02255932
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  • 10
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    Global shear stress pattern in main seismic active belts (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-03-01
    Print ISSN: 1000-9116
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-1344
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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