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  • Springer  (45)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (2)
  • Wiley-Blackwell
  • 1995-1999  (45)
  • 1955-1959  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liposome-Based Optochemical Nanosensors (1999)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 131 (1999), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: Key words: dye-encapsulating liposomes; pH sensing; oxygen sensing; optochemical nanosensors.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  This paper describes the optochemical pH and oxygen sensing properties of dye-encapsulating and fluorescently labeled nano-sized unilamellar liposomes. To prepare the oxygen sensitive liposomes a lipid mixture consisting of dimyristoylphospatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dihexadecyl phosphate (molar ratio 5:4:1) all dissolved in dry isopropyl alcohol is injected into a sensing dye solution. The mixture is then sonicated with a liposome maker to form dye-encapsulating liposomes. A lipid mixture consisting of dimyristoylphospatidylcholine, N-(fluorescein-5-thiocarbamoyl)-1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine triethylammonium salt (fluorescein DHPE), cholesterol, and dihexadecyl phosphate (molar ratio 20:1:16:4) is used to prepare the pH sensitive liposomes by the same sonication technique. Fluorescein labeled DHPE phospholipids are combined with DMPC phospholipids in a 1:20 ratio to incorporate the sensing dye directly into the bilayer membrane, virtually eliminating any instability due to dye leakage. Oxygen sensing liposomes are created by encapsulating the oxygen sensitive ruthenium tris(1,10)-phenanthroline complex [Ru(phen)3]. The dye is believed to exist both in free solution within the liposome, and as an adherent on the inner membrane of the liposome. High uniformity of the liposomes is realized by extruding them back and forth through a 100 nm pore-size polycarbonate membrane. TEM images of the liposomes, stained with uranyl acetate, show that the liposomes are unilamellar, spherical in shape, maintain high structural integrity, and average 70 nm in diameter. The liposomes show high stability with respect to dye leaking at room temperature for 8 days, and high photostability when exposed to the excitation light. Individual liposomes are used to monitor the pH and oxygen level in their vicinity during the enzymatic oxidation of glucose by the enzyme glucose oxidase. The newly prepared environmentally sensitive liposomes can be applied for non-invasive pH and oxygen determination in tissues and single biological cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s006040050009
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  • 2
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    Liposome-Based Optochemical Nanosensors (1999)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-06-24
    Print ISSN: 0026-3672
    Electronic ISSN: 1436-5073
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dye efflux studies suggest that hematopoietic stem cells expressing low or undetectable levels of CD34 antigen exist in multiple species (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 3 (1997), S. 1337-1345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] We previously described a method for isolating murine hematopoietic stem cells capable of reconstituting lethally irradiated recipients, which depends solely on dual-wavelength flow cytometric analysis of murine bone marrow cells stained with the fluorescent DNA-binding dye Hoechst 33342. This ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1297-1337
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure of double-stranded DNA containing the major adduct of the anticancer drug cisplatin (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 377 (1995), S. 649-652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A site-specifically modified, double-stranded deoxyoligo-nucleotide with the sequence d(CCTCTG*G*TCTCC)-d(GGA-GACCAGAGG), where G*G* represents the cw-[Pt(NH3)2-{d(GpG)-N7(G6),-N7(G7)}] intrastrand crosslink, was prepared and crystallized. The structure was solved by conventional multiple ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/377649a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binaural interaction in the medulla of the cat (1955)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 11 (1955), S. 498-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé L'étude de l'orientation latérale dans l'audition binaurale a déjà montré une interaction binaurale dans les réponses électrophysiologiques de l'écorce cérébrale et des tubercules quadrijumeaux inférieurs. Nous avons cherché le niveau le plus bas d'une telle interaction. S'il existe une interaction binaurale aux tubercules acoustiques, elle doit être très faible. Par contre, nous avons trouvé une interaction réelle dans le corps trapezoïde, l'olive supérieure et le lemniscus latéral. Une base anatomique de l'interaction binaurale a été découverte récemment au noyau médial de l'olive supérieure où se trouve une convergence des fibres des deux noyaux cochléaires.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02166840
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Testing CERES-Wheat with Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE) Experiment Data: CO2 and Water Interactions (1999)
    Springer
    Semigroup forum 91 (1999), S. 247-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2137
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: 2 concentration and associated climate change on crop yields. Such model predictions are largely untested in the field, for lack of experimental data. We tested the CERES-Wheat model, modified to include leaf-level photosynthesis response to elevated CO2 using field data from 2 yr of Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiments with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yecora Rojo) in Maricopa, AZ. Two irrigation treatments (well-watered, WW; water-deficit stressed, WS) and two atmospheric CO2 concentrations (ambient, 350 μmol mol-1, elevated, 550 μmol mol-1) were simulated. The model was evaluated using measurements of crop phenology, aboveground dry matter (DM) production, grain yield, and evapotranspiration (ET). Model calculations of crop phenology were within 2 to 3 d of observed values under WW, ambient CO2 conditions in both years. The model did not simulate the accelerated crop phenology (5-8 d at physiological maturity) observed in the WW and elevated CO2 treatments, indicating the need to include effects of increased stomatal resistance on canopy temperature. Simulations of DM and grain yield were within 10% of measured values, except for a tendency to overcalculate DM response to CO2 by 10 to 15% in Year 1 for WS treatments. The model undercalculated cumulative ET under WW conditions by 15%; model sensitivity analyses suggest that simulation of potential evapotranspiration (PET) was too low for this arid site. The model reproduced measured dynamics of CO2-water interactions. Simulated reductions in water loss due to elevated CO2 were about 4%, in agreement with measurements. The model simulated larger increases in DM production and yield due to elevated CO2 under WS than under WW conditions. In Year 1, simulated crop response to CO2 was 2% larger (measured:3%) under WS than under WW conditions; in Year 2, it was 11% larger (measured: to be further evaluated with additional experimental datasets, is an important attribute of models used to project crop yields under elevated CO2 and climate change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of a sustained-release diltiazem formulation (Mono-Tildiem LP 300 mg) after repeated administration in healthy volunteers (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 48 (1995), S. 259-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Diltiazem ; sustained-release formulation ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; bioequivalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The usual dosage regimen of diltiazem (Tildiem) is 60 mg 3–4 times a day. A sustained-release formulation has been developed (Mono-Tildiem LP 300 mg) in order to allow a single daily administration. Two repeated dosing studies were performed in healthy volunteers. The absolute bioavailability of sustained-release diltiazem LP 300 mg was investigated using concomitant i.v. administration of 13C-labelled drug: absolute bioavailability of the “once a day” formulation was 35%. The second study compared sustained-release diltiazem LP 300 mg with the standard formulation of diltiazem. The results showed that the diltiazem plasma concentrations obtained after the LP formulation remained stable between 2 and 14 h after administration and were compatible with a once a day administration. Relative bioavailability of sustained-release diltiazem LP 300 mg was 79.3% compared with diltiazem. Therefore, a unitary dose of sustained-release diltiazem LP 300 mg was chosen as the dose equivalent to the daily dose administered with the standard diltiazem formulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198308
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Safety and pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of amisulpride in healthy elderly volunteers (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 405-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Amisulpride ; Elderly
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Amisulpride is a substituted benzamide neuroleptic, which binds selectively to dopamine D2 and D3 receptors, mainly in the limbic structures. States of delusion and agitation occur frequently in the population aged more than 65 years, especially in demented patients and this sometimes requires the use of neuroleptics. The objectives of this study were to determine the safety and the pharmacokinetic profile of 50 mg of amisulpride administered orally as a single dose to elderly volunteers. Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers (10 men and 10 women) aged 65–79 years were included in this open trial. Frequent measurements of blood pressure and heart rate were made and ECG and blood samples were performed up to 72 h after drug intake. Results: The overall clinical and cardiovascular safety was satisfactory. The mean Cmax of the racemate amisulpride in elderly people was 64.1 ± 6.7 ng · ml−1, and was not different from the value of 56 ± 4.1 ng · ml−1 in young subjects. As with the Cmax, the mean values of t1/2 and AUC in elderly people (15.6 ± 1.3 h and 667 ± 51 ng · ml−1· h, respectively) were not different to values observed in young subject (respectively 11.7 ± 0.5 h and 603 ± 25 ng · ml−1· h). Conclusions: A single oral dose of amisulpride was well tolerated and showed a similar pharmacokinetic profile in healthy elderly and young subjects. However, these findings should be confirmed after multiple dosing in a larger population in order to establish the lack of need of dosage adjustment in this elderly population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050483
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Key results and implications from phase 1(c) of the Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parametrization Schemes (1999)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 15 (1999), S. 673-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  Using atmospheric forcing data generated from a general circulation climate model, sixteen land surface schemes participating in the Project for the Intercomparison of Land-surface Parametrization Schemes (PILPS) were run off-line to equilibrium using forcing data from a GCM representative of a tropical forest and a mid-latitude grassland grid point. The values for each land surface parameter (roughness length, minimum stomatal resistance, soil depth etc.) were provided. Results were quality controlled and analyzed, focusing on the scatter simulated amongst the models. There were large differences in how the models’ partitioned available energy between sensible and latent heat. Annually averaged, simulations for the tropical forest ranged by 79 1 3;W m-2 for the sensible heat flux and 80 W m-2 for the latent heat flux. For the grassland, simulations ranged by 34 W m-2 for the sensible heat flux and 27 W m-2 for the latent heat flux. Similarly large differences were found for simulated runoff and soil moisture and at the monthly time scale. The models’ simulation of annually averaged effective radiative temperature varied with a range, between all the models, of 1.4 K for tropical forest and 2.2 K for the grassland. The simulation of latent and sensible heat fluxes by a standard ‘bucket’ models was anomalous although this could be corrected by an additional resistance term. These results imply that the current land surface models do not agree on the land surface climate when the atmospheric forcing and surface parameters are prescribed. The nature of the experimental design, it being offline and with artificial forcing, generally precludes judgements concerning the relative quality of any specific model. Although these results were produced de-coupled from a host model, they do cast doubt on the reliability of land surface schemes. It is therefore a priority to resolve the disparity in the simulations, understand the reasons behind the scatter and to determine whether this lack of agreement in de-coupled tests is reproduced in coupled experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003820050309
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma and skin suction-blister-fluid pharmacokinetics and time course of the effects of oral mizolastine (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 327-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Mizolastine ; H1-receptor antagonist; antihistamine ; skin suction-blister fluid ; histamine-induced wheal and flare
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective:To investigate plasma and skin suction-blister-fluid pharmacokinetics of oral mizolastine in order to determine whether the drug concentration in the fluid of suction-induced skin blisters could better predict the antihistamine activity than the plasma concentration. Setting: Department of Internal Medicine, Université Paris 6. Subjects: Ten healthy male volunteers. Methods: The volunteers (mean age 26.8 years, mean weight 75.8 kg) received a single 10-mg oral dose of mizolastine at 1000 hours. The pharmacokinetic study included 11 plasma and 9 blister fluid samples and blister epidermal-roof specimens. Mizolastine was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Each volunteer also received nine intradermal injections of 5 μg histamine. Antihistamine activity was assessed as the post-treatment percentages of changes in the histamine-induced relative wheal and flare areas versus baseline. Results: Mizolastine mean Cmax (SD) and median tmax were, respectively, 380 ng ⋅ ml−1and 0.8 h in plasma, and 21.8 ng ⋅ ml−1 and 10 h in blister fluid. Mizolastine could not be quantified in the epidermis. The maximal histamine-induced relative flare inhibition was 72.5% and was attained at the median time of 3 h post-dosing and therefore was delayed by 2.2 h with respect to the plasma tmax. Mean relative wheal inhibition, although lower, showed the same time profile. A direct relationship could not be found between drug concentrations in blister fluid and antihistamine activity. Simulated concentrations in the peripheral compartment better explain the maximum inhibition effect on flare, observed 3 h post-dosing, with a flatter hysteresis loop obtained when plotting relative flare inhibition versus plasma or blister-fluid drug concentrations. Conclusion: The mizolastine concentrations in the skin suction-blister fluid were not predictive of the antihistamine activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050117
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