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  • Isolated brainstem  (2)
  • KR-ET-1  (2)
  • Springer  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1940-1944
  • 1935-1939
  • 1920-1924
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (4)
Years
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1940-1944
  • 1935-1939
  • 1920-1924
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fictive respiratory rhythm in the isolated brainstem of frogs (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 176 (1995), S. 703-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Neural control of breathing ; Amphibian ; Isolated brainstem ; Respiration Pattern generation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spontaneous rhythmically bursting activity was recorded from the trigeminal, vagal and hypoglossal nerve roots of the isolated brainstem from the frogsRana catesbeiana andRana pipiens superfused with a bicarbonate-free HEPES-buffer solution. Burst frequency, burst duration and the activity profile of the spontaneous neural discharges in vitro resembled those of a less radical preparation, the decerebrate, fictively breathing frog. After complete midsagittal section, each half of the isolated brainstem generated its own rhythmic neural activity which resembled that of the intact isolated brainstem. The spontaneous activity generated within each half of the brainstem is probably coordinated by decussating axons or by groups of neurons located along the midline of the brainstem. Our results suggest that these coordinating entities extend the length of the brainstem (in a rostro-caudal dimension) and the degree of contact rather than the location of the contact between the two halves of the brainstem determines the synchronization of the right and left halves. Burst frequency of both the intact and hemisected brainstem preparation was decreased by alkaline challenge and increased by acid challenge. We conclude that this endogeneous rhythmic activity represents the efferent motor output underlying lung ventilation in these animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01021590
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fictive respiratory rhythm in the isolated brainstem of frogs (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 176 (1995), S. 703-713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Neural control of breathing ; Amphibian ; Isolated brainstem ; Respiration Pattern generation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spontaneous rhythmically bursting activity was recorded from the trigeminal, vagal and hypoglossal nerve roots of the isolated brainstem from the frogs Rana catesbeiana and Rana pipiens superfused with a bicarbonate-free HEPES-buffer solution. Burst frequency, burst duration and the activity profile of the spontaneous neural discharges in vitro resembled those of a less radical preparation, the decerebrate, fictively breathing frog. After complete midsagittal section, each half of the isolated brainstem generated its own rhythmic neural activity which resembled that of the intact isolated brainstem. The spontaneous activity generated within each half of the brainstem is probably coordinated by decussating axons or by groups of neurons located along the midline of the brainstem. Our results suggest that these coordinating entities extend the length of the brainstem (in a rostro-caudal dimension) and the degree of contact rather than the location of the contact between the two halves of the brainstem determines the synchronization of the right and left halves. Burst frequency of both the intact and hemisected brainstem preparation was decreased by alkaline challenge and increased by acid challenge. We conclude that this endogeneous rhythmic activity represents the efferent motor output underlying lung ventilation in these animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192499
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement in the oxidative folding of endothelin-1 by a Lys-Arg extension at the amino terminus: Implication of a salt bridge between Arg-1 and Asp8 (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 4 (1997), S. 185-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Keywords: α-Helix ; Carboxamide substitution ; Circular dichroism ; Disulfide isomer ; KR-ET-1 ; Prosequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An amino-terminal extension of endothelin-1 by the Lys-Arg dipeptide in the prosequence (KR-ET-1) greatly increased the ratio of native-type to non-native-type disulfide isomer (96/4 versus 71/29) during the oxidative folding reaction. This improvement was completely abolished by substituting Asn for Asp at position 8 (D8N-KR-ET-1), whereas most of it was maintained with similar carboxamide analogues replaced at Glu10 or Asp18. Structure analyses by circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that (i) in the carboxylate state, the α-helical content of the native-type isomer of KR-ET-1 is higher than that of the native-type isomer of ET-1, while such a variation is not observed in the corresponding non-native-type isomer of KR-ET-1; and (ii) the enhanced α-helicity resulting from the Lys-Arg extension is largely diminished in D8N-KR-ET-1. From these results and our previous findings that the helical structure in KR-ET-1 is stabilized by a particular salt bridge between the extended Arg-1 basic moiety and either the Asp8 or Glu10 acidic side chain in ET-1 [Aumelas, A. et al., Biochemistry, 34 (1995) 4546], we conclude that the formation of a specific salt bridge between the side chains of Arg-1 and Asp8 in KR-ET-1 is critical for the predominant generation of the native-type disulfide isomer, probably because it stabilizes the helical structure of parental ET-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008835323518
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement in the oxidative folding of endothelin-1 by a lys-Arg extension at the amino terminus: Implication of a salt bridge between Arg−1 and Asp8 (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of peptide research and therapeutics 4 (1997), S. 185-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3904
    Keywords: α-Helix ; Carboxamide substitution ; Circular dichroism ; Disulfide isomer ; KR-ET-1 ; Prosequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An amino-terminal extension of endothelin-l by the lys-Arg dipeptide in the prosequence (KR-ET-1) greatly increased the ratio of native-type to non-native-type disulfide isomer (96/4 versus 71/29) during the oxidative folding reaction. This improvement was completely abolished by substituting Asn for Asp at position 8 (D8N-KR-ET-1), whereas most of it was maintained with similar carboxamide analogues replaced at Glu10 or Asp18. Structure analyses by circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that (i) in the carboxylate state, the α-helical content of the native-type isomer of KR-ET-l is higher than that of the native-type isomer of ET-1, while such a variation is not observed in the corresponding non-native-type isomer of KR-ET-l; and (ii) the enhanced α-helicity resulting from the Lys-Arg extension is largely diminished in D8N-KR-ET-l. From these results and our previous findings that the helical structure in KR-ET-l is stabilized by a particular salt bridge between the extended Arg−1 basic moiety and either the Asp8 or Glu10 acidic side chain in Et-1 [Aumelas, A. et al., Biochemistry, 34 (1995) 4546], we conclude that the formation of a specific salt bridge between the side chains of Arg−1 and Asp8 in KR-ET-1 is critical for the predominant generation of the native-type disulfide isomer, probably because it stabilizes the helical structure of parental ET-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02443532
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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