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  • Articles  (170)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 1995-1999  (145)
  • 1965-1969  (23)
  • 1930-1934  (2)
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  • Articles  (170)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of Penicillin-binding Proteins in the Endosymbiont of the Trypanosomatid Crithidia deanei (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 44 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . Growth by serial transfers of the trypanosomatid Crithidia deanei in culture medium containing 1 mg/ml of the β-lactam antibiotics ampicillin or cephalexin resulted in shape distortion of its endosymbiont. The endosymbiont first appeared as filamentous structures with restricted areas of membrane damage. An increase of electron lucid areas was also observed in the endosymbiont matrix. The continuous treatment with β-lactam antibiotics, resulted in endosymbiont membranes fragmentation; and later on the space previously occupied by the symbiont was identified as an electron lucid area in the host cytoplasm. The putative targets of β-lactam antibiotic were two membrane-bound penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) detected in the Sarkosyl-soluble fraction of purified symbionts labeled with [3H]-benzylpenicillin. The apparent molecular weight of the proteins were 90 kDa (PBP1) and 45 kDa (PBP2). PBP2 represented 85% of the total PBP content in the membrane fraction of the endosymbionts. Competition experiments using the tested antibiotics and [3H]-benzylpenicillin showed that ampicillin and cephalexin have half saturating concentrations considerably higher than [3H]-benzylpenicillin and indicated that PBP1 is the probable lethal target of the antibiotics tested. These results suggest that a physiologically active PBP is present in the cell envelope of C. deanei endosymbionts and may play important roles in the control of processes such as cell division and shape determination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1997.tb05729.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of the galE gene on the virulence of Pasteurella multocida (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 154 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The galE gene of Pasteurella multocida has been isolated by complementing galE-defective mutants of Salmonella typhimurium with a plasmid library of this organism. The complete nucleotide sequence of the P. multocida galE gene consists of 1017 nucleotides, encoding a predicted polypeptide of 339 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence displayed the highest identity (85%) to the GalE protein of Haemophilus influenzae. However, the gene organization surrounding the galE locus was different from that of H. influenzae. A galE-defective mutant of P. multocida was obtained by replacement of the active galE gene by a copy inactivated in vitro. The resulting galE mutant was highly attenuated as seen in a biological test carried out in a mouse model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12661.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined Stress Effects on Growth of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii from an Intermediate Moisture Papaya Product (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 60 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Stress factors studied included 0.95 aw adjusted with sucrose and glycerol, pH (4.0, 3.5, and 3.0), potassium sorbate (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) and sodium bisulfite (0, 100, and 150 ppm). These were tested on a strain of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii isolated from an intermediate moisture (IM) papaya product. Z rouxii was very sensitive to SO2. A combination of 100 ppm SO2, 500 ppm sorbate and pH 4.0 is recommended to prevent spoilage of IM fruits by Z. rouxii. The minimum aw for growth in sucrose-glycerol broth was between 0.62 and 0.64 in the absence of antimicrobials and in the range of optimal pH for this yeast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1995.tb05672.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a Food Mixture for Infants and Young Children in Brazil (1967)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 32 (1967), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY-The development of food mixtures containing vegetable protein concentrates, minerals, and vitamins represents an important approach to the problem of protein-calorie malnutrition of preschool children in many parts of the world. In Brazil, soy flour is the most readily available good-quality protein for this purpose. Protein efficiency-ratio studies in rats demonstrated that soy flour with a PER value of 1.99 was available in large quantities. Accordingly, a formula containing 19.50% soy flour, 4.50% nonfat milk powder, 32.28% corn starch, 39.00% sucrose, and 4.72% vitamins and minerals was thoroughly tested as an infant food. The PER value of the protein in rats was 2.31. Amino acid assay demonstrated that the protein compared favorably with the essential amino acid pattern of the FAO/WHO reference protein (FAO/WHO, 196.5) except for methionine-cystine, The formula was well accepted and tolerated by children and adults. Average nitrogen absorption and retention of the formula as the sole food of malnourished children were 72.68 and 23.82%; values for milk protein were 80.17 and 30.13%. Average nitrogen absorption and retention were 63.4 and 22.0% when the formula provided one-half (15 g) of the daily protein for normal children consuming a typical diet of the region, comparing favorably with values of 69.3 and 21.3% for milk protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1967.tb01973.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    R&D Management Conference on ‘Quality and R&D’ (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1996.tb00973.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Describing the issues of knowledge management in R&D: towards a communication and analysis tool (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In this article, a comprehensive descriptive model of R&D knowledge management is presented and its use illustrated. Knowledge is defined as: information internalized by means of research, study or experience, that has value for the organization. First, the issue of knowledge management is placed in the context of R&D management, and set alongside what has been written in R&D management literature about topics such as information management, information technology in R&D, technology transfer, communication and organizational learning. Then, we present our descriptive model, and apply it in a case study concerning a Dutch multinational in the chemical industry. The model served as an aid to identify bottlenecks, and was a useful starting point for formulating improvement plans, some of which are presented. The paper concludes with an evaluation of the model as a communication and analysis tool, and ideas for further improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1996.tb00957.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The future labour market for R&D Manpower in The Netherlands (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: An adequate supply of qualified research and development (R&D) personnel is an important precondition for a government policy that aims for a strongly knowledge-intensive economic growth. As in many other OECD countries, there is great concern in The Netherlands about meeting this crucial condition in the next decades. This article tries to show to what extent this current concern is justified. For that purpose, forecasts of future supply and demand for research manpower in the science and engineering fields (including agriculture and health) have been produced, extending to the year 2010. Sensitivity analyses show that the fore-casts are not very sensitive to alternative assumptions on economic growth, investments, replacement demand and labour supply.From a methodological point of view the forecasting approach differs from the more traditional manpower forecasting. Firstly, the demand for R&D personnel is split up into an increase in total employment for R&D manpower (expansion demand) on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the need for replacements for researchers who retire, die or switch to other occupations (replacement demand). Expansion and replacement demand are considered in three sectors of R&D work: universities, research institutes and private enterprises. Expansion demand and replacement demand together determine the job openings for newcomers. These job openings are confronted with the supply of new R&D manpower, which is largely determined by the output of the educational system. The confrontation of demand and supply forecasts shows that, in general, severe shortages of R & D manpower will result if there are not adequate manpower policy adjustment. The article closes with a discussion of the policy implications of the expected disequilibria in the market for R & D manpower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1995.tb00920.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TRADE AND FINANCIAL FLOWS IN A WORLD ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK: A BALANCED WAM FOR 1990 (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Review of income and wealth 41 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-4991
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: How accurately do we measure the external deficit of the U.S. or the surplus of Japan? If checked at the global level, statistics on international trade and finance show large discrepancies. Such global statistical discrepancies hamper the analysis and understanding of world economic developments. An accounting framework—labelled World Accounting Matrix (WAM)—is proposed to cross-check the statistical consistency of commodity flows, international payments and internal balances across countries. The framework is applied to data for 1990. To obtain global consistency, substantial adjustments had to be made to the estimates of the external balances of the U.S. and Japan. The implications for global modelling work are potentially vast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1995.tb00105.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Evidence That Reticulomyxa Filosa Is A Freshwater Naked Foraminifer (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 46 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Reticulomyxa filosa is a freshwater protist possessing fine granular, branching and anastomosing pseudopodia and therefore traditionally placed in the class Granuloreticulosea, order Athalamida, as a sister group to the order Foraminiferida. Recent studies have revealed remarkable similarities in pseudopodial motility and ultrastructure between R. filosa and foraminifera (e.g. Allogromia laticollaris), prompting us to conduct a molecular phylogenetic analysis of these seemingly disparate organisms. We sequenced the complete small-subunit of the ribosomal DNA of the cultured strain of R. filosa and compared it to the corresponding sequences of other protists including 12 species of foraminifera. We also sequenced and analyzed the actin coding genes from R. filosa and two species of foraminifera, Allogromia sp. and Ammonia sp. the analysis of both data sets clearly shows that R. filosa branches within the clade of foraminifera, suggesting that R. filosa is in fact a freshwater naked foraminiferan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1999.tb05137.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Method for the Synchronous Induction of Large Numbers of Telotrochs in Vorticella convallaria by Monocalcium Phosphate at Low pH (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 46 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have devised a two step method for the synchronous induction of telotrochs in the peritrich ciliate, Vorticella convallaria. The method is easy, reliable, and allows us to study the earliest events of telotroch formation at the ultrastructural, biochemical, and molecular levels. The steps involved are: (1) excising the cell body from the stalk in a large population (7.4 times 104 cells) of EDTA-treated, attached cells by the application of monocalcium phosphate monohydrate solution at pH 3.2, (2) rinsing and suspending the isolated cell bodies in inorganic medium. Within 90 min, 80% of the population forms telotrochs. Analysis of factors that are important for maximum stalk excision and transformation shows that the population must not be older than 2 d and the most effective concentration of monocalcium phosphate is 4.8 mM for a 20 min exposure. The most effective monocalcium phosphate is in the monohydrated form. A pH value of 3.2, produced by the addition of hydrochloric acid in the presence or absence of calcium is not sufficient to initiate stalk excision and telotroch formation. This observation leads us to conclude that stalk excision is dependent on monocalcium phosphate or its hydrolysis products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1999.tb04574.x
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