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  • 1995-1999  (50)
  • 1970-1974  (31)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1997-03-28
    Description: Mapping of homozygous deletions on human chromosome 10q23 has led to the isolation of a candidate tumor suppressor gene, PTEN, that appears to be mutated at considerable frequency in human cancers. In preliminary screens, mutations of PTEN were detected in 31% (13/42) of glioblastoma cell lines and xenografts, 100% (4/4) of prostate cancer cell lines, 6% (4/65) of breast cancer cell lines and xenografts, and 17% (3/18) of primary glioblastomas. The predicted PTEN product has a protein tyrosine phosphatase domain and extensive homology to tensin, a protein that interacts with actin filaments at focal adhesions. These homologies suggest that PTEN may suppress tumor cell growth by antagonizing protein tyrosine kinases and may regulate tumor cell invasion and metastasis through interactions at focal adhesions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Li, J -- Yen, C -- Liaw, D -- Podsypanina, K -- Bose, S -- Wang, S I -- Puc, J -- Miliaresis, C -- Rodgers, L -- McCombie, R -- Bigner, S H -- Giovanella, B C -- Ittmann, M -- Tycko, B -- Hibshoosh, H -- Wigler, M H -- Parsons, R -- 5R35 CA39829/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Mar 28;275(5308):1943-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9072974" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics ; Chromosome Mapping ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 ; Female ; Frameshift Mutation ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Glioblastoma/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Microfilament Proteins/chemistry ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms/*genetics ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; *Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; Phosphotyrosine/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Sequence Deletion ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Transplantation, Heterologous ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; *Tumor Suppressor Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1996-12-06
    Description: The Hsp90 heat shock protein of eukaryotic cells regulates the activity of proteins involved in signal transduction pathways and may direct intracellular protein folding in general. Hsp90 performs at least part of its function in a complex with a specific set of partner proteins that include members of the prolyl isomerase family. The properties of the major components of the Hsp90 complex were examined through the use of in vitro protein folding assays. Two of the components, FKBP52 and p23, functioned as mechanistically distinct molecular chaperones. These results suggest the existence of a super-chaperone complex in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bose, S -- Weikl, T -- Bugl, H -- Buchner, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Dec 6;274(5293):1715-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut fur Biophysik und Physikalische Biochemie, Universitat Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany. johannes.buchner@biologie.uni-regensburg.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8939863" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Isomerases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism/pharmacology/*physiology ; Citrate (si)-Synthase/*chemistry ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism/pharmacology/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism/*physiology ; Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism/pharmacology/*physiology ; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases ; Janus Kinases ; Molecular Chaperones/metabolism/pharmacology/*physiology ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism/pharmacology/*physiology ; Polyenes/pharmacology ; Protein Denaturation ; *Protein Folding ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism/pharmacology ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Sirolimus ; Tacrolimus Binding Proteins ; Temperature ; Transcription Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 37 (1996), S. 2376-2387 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: The unitary irreducible representations of the central extension of the Poincaré group in 1+1 dimensions are constructed by an application of the Kirillov theory. These are then lifted to projective unitary irreducible representations of the Poincaré group. The 1+1 Galilean group is treated separately in an appendix. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 36 (1995), S. 875-890 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Using the Mackey theory of induced representations, the unitary irreducible representations of the proper Galilean group in 2+1 space–time dimensions are constructed. All representations, both true as well as the projective ones, are found. The concomitant representations of the Lie algebra are given. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 96 (1974), S. 2044-2053 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Communications in mathematical physics 169 (1995), S. 385-395 
    ISSN: 1432-0916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The problem of constructing the central extensions, by the circle group, of the group of Galilean transformations in two spatial dimensions; as well as that of its universal covering group, is solved. Also solved is the problem of the central extension of the corresponding Lie algebra. We find that the Lie algebra has a three parameter family of central extensions, as does the simply-connected group corresponding to the Lie algebra. The Galilean group itself has a two parameter family of central extensions. A corollary of our result is the impossibility of the appearance of non-integer-valued angular momentum for systems possessing Galilean invariance.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: oxidation ; copper ; Li-doped copper ; Cr-doped copper ; short-circuiting ; Mott's parabola ; Wagner's parabola
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of shorting circuitry attachment between metal-oxide and oxideoxygen interfaces on the oxidation kinetics of copper, lithium-doped copper (Li: 400 ppm), and chromium-doped copper (Cr: 12 ppm) have been studied in dry air $$(P_{O_2 } = 21.27kPa)$$ in the temperature range of 523–1073 K. Oxide film or scale growth under short-circuiting as well as under normal oxidation conditions conforms to the parabolic rate law. The oxidation kinetics under short-circuiting resulted in decreased rates for Cu and Li-doped Cu up to a temperature of 773 K, while Cr-doped Cu exhibited an enhancement in rate compared to its normal oxidation in the same temperature range. However, above 873 K, all three systems under shorting circuitry attachment exhibited enhanced rates compared to their normal oxidation rates in conformity to the existing theoretical model. Use of additional resistances in series in the outer short-circuit Pt path have clearly established that below 773 K Mott's fieldinduced migration plays the most important role, while at elevated temperatures Wagner's electrochemical potential-gradient factor acts as the main driving force in the scale-growth process. The results have been interpreted on the basis of average defect concentration, the electrochemical potential gradient, electrical field gradient, and transport coefficient in the Cu2O layer.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 49 (1998), S. 261-295 
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: COPPER ; OXIDATION KINETICS ; STATIC CHARGE ; MOTT'S PARABOLIC FILM GROWTH ; WAGNER'S PARABOLIC SCALE GROWTH ; SELF-DIFFUSIVITY
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The kinetics of copper oxidation under theinfluence of an externally-supplied static charge ofeither kind at one of the reaction interfaces of agrowing oxide film on its subsequent thickening weredetermined in the temperature range of 523-1173 K andoxygen-pressure range of 5.06-50.66 kPa. The kineticsconformed to the parabolic rate law under all conditionsof experimentation. In the temperature range of 523-723 K, charge supply of either kind ateither of the oxide interfaces, reduced the ratescompared to normal oxidation. The reduction in rates ismore pronounced with (-)ve charge supply. In thistemperature range, Mott's in situ electrical-potentialgradient across the oxide film is identified as thepredominant driving force for migration of copper ionsduring the subsequent film-thickening process. On the other hand, in the temperature range of 873-973K, a charge supply of either kind enhanced the ratescompared to normal oxidation, where Wagner'selectrochemical-potential gradient acts as the maindriving force for ion diffusion. However, at 1073 K and1173 K, the rates were found to decrease slightlycompared to normal oxidation. The oxygen-pressuredependencies of rate constants at 623 K exhibitedrelations of the type kP ∝P O2 1/4 for normal and kp ∝P O2 1/8 (approximately) for oxidation witheither (+)ve or (-)ve charge supply at the oxide/oxygeninterface. However, at 873 K the oxygen-pressuredependencies of rate constants conform to kP ∝P O2 1/6 for normal as well as for oxidationwith either (+)ve or (-)ve charge supply at theoxide/oxygen interface. The estimated activationenergies are 54 kJ/mol and 160 kJ/mol in Mott's and Wagner's parabolic ranges,respectively. It is established that migration of Cu+ions through the growing film is the rate-limiting stepunder all conditions of experimentation. This study has clearly demonstrated that changes inoxidation rates can be brought about by disturbing theinterfacial defect equilibria with anexternally-supplied static charge when no net currentflows through the oxide film. The estimated self-diffusivityvalues of Cu+ ions in the growingCu2O at 873 K are also reported.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 49 (1998), S. 431-453 
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: LEAD-IODIDE FILM ; DOPING EFFECT ; SHORT-CIRCUIT ; MOTT'S ELECTRICAL FIELD ; SCHOTTKY-WAGNER DISORDER ; HOLE MIGRATION ; ION TRANSPORT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of Ag as a lower-valent dopant onthe kinetics of lead iodination under normal andshort-circuit conditions in iodine pressures of 0.615 to6.578 kPa in the temperature range of 423 to 523 K was investigated. Like pure Pb, Ag-doped Pbalso follows the parabolic law of film growth. Theisothermal parabolic rate constants are found todecrease in the presence of the dopant. The iodinevapor-pressure dependence of isothermal parabolic rateconstants was observed to be kP ∝p I2 1/2 . Results for normal iodination areexplained in terms of migration of electron holes underthe influence of Cabrera-Mott's electrical field across the film. Theactivation energy for normal iodination of Ag-doped Pbis estimated to be 84 kJ•mol-1 comparedto that of 64 kJ•mol-1 for pure lead. Therate of iodide-film growth has been found to decrease further undershort-circuit mode of experiments. Such observationshave been explained with the concept of ion migration asthe ratelimiting step for the film-growth process. The iodine pressure dependence of the rateconstants under short-circuit conditions is observed tobe kP ∝ p I2 1/3 associatedwith an activation energy value of 66kJ•mol-1. Unlike pure lead, introduction of additional resistances in series to theshort-circuit Pt path during iodination of Ag-doped Pbcaused an increase in the rates with gradual increasedvalue of resistances. Kinetics results are explained by considering the prevalence ofSchottky-Wagner type of point defects in lead iodide.The driving forces for migration of the defect speciesthrough the growing pure PbI2 films andAg-doped PbI2 are confirmed to be Wagner's electrochemical potentialgradient and Cabrera-Mott's electrical field,respectively. The iodide films were characterized bySEM, EDS, EPMA, AES, and XRD analyses to substantiatethe kinetic results.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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