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  • Other Sources  (103)
  • ASTRONOMY
  • EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
  • 1995-1999  (47)
  • 1970-1974  (56)
Collection
  • Other Sources  (103)
Source
Keywords
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Microwave maps of the polar ice of the earth (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Synoptic views of the entire polar regions of earth have been obtained free of the usual persistent cloud cover using a scanning microwave radiometer operating at a wavelength of 1.55 cm on board the Nimbus-5 satellite. Three different views at each pole are presented utilizing data obtained at approximately one-month intervals from December 1972 to February 1973. Large discrepancies exist between the long-term ice cover depicted in various atlases and the actual extent of the canopies. The distribution of multiyear ice in the north polar region is markedly different from that predicted by existing ice dynamics models. Irregularities in the edge of the Antarctic sea ice pack occur that have neither been observed previously nor anticipated. The brightness temperatures of the Greenland and Antarctic glaciers show interesting contours probably related to the ice and snow morphologic structure.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: American Meteorological Society; vol. 55
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    A search for the C3 carbon cluster in the Interstellar Medium (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: We have searched for rovibrational emission and absorption transitions arising from the 63 cm(exp -1) nu(sub 2) (pi(sub u)) bending vibration of the C3 carbon cluster in the interstellar medium using the Betz/Boreiko heterodyne receiver on board the Kuiper Airborne Observatory. The Q(4) line at 1896.707 GHz was searched for in the IRc2 Orion/M42 and the W3 sources, and the R(2) transition at 1968.594 GHz was searched for in Sgr B2. No emission lines were observed in any source. However, a weak absorption was detected in Sgr B2 with a LSR velocity of 63.7+/-0.6 km s(exp -1) and a FWHM linewidth of 7.9+/-0.8 km s(exp -1). This absorption is tentatively identified as the R(2) transition of the C(sub 3) bending mode.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Airborne Astronomy Symposium on the Galactic Ecosystem: From Gas to Stars to Dust, Volume 73; p 67-70
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    The effects of soil moisture and plant morphology on the radar backscatter from vegetation (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The results of experimental studies on the backscattering properties of corn, milo, soybeans and alfalfa are presented. The measurements were made during the summer of 1973 over the 8 to 18 GHz frequency band. The data indicate that soil moisture estimation is best accomplished at incidence angles near nadir with lower frequencies, while crop discrimination is best accomplished using two frequencies at incidence angles ranging from 30 deg to 65 deg. It is also shown that temporal plant morphology variations can cause extreme variations in the values of the scattering coefficients. These morphological changes can be caused by growth, heavy rain and in the case of alfalfa, harvesting.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: NASA-CR-141684 , RSL-TR-177-51
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Research and investigation of geology, mineral, and water resources of Maryland (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The authors have identified the following significant results. Field work in Baltimore County revealed that the signature returns of serpentinitic and nonserpentinitic rocks correlates with the vegetation cover and land use pattern. In Maryland Piedmont, bedrock lithology and structure are enhanced only to the extent that land use is geologically dictated. Two prominent sets of linear features are detected on ERTS-1 imagery at N 45 deg E and N 20 deg E. Beaches of Chesapeake Bay are classified as broad and narrow beaches based on the width of the backshore zone. It is shown by comparing historical shorelines of Ocean City, from the inlet to the Maryland-Delaware line that reversal zones of erosion and accretion occur at different locations for different periods. High reflectance levels (high marsh-high topographic areas) for the lower Eastern Shore are found to be distributed as two distinct trending linear ridge systems. Observations of MSS band 5 dated 9 April 1974 exhibited an unique sedimentation pattern for Chesapeake Bay. Following a 1.5 inch rainfall, heavy concentration of suspended sediments is observed on the imagery, particularly in the area of the turbidity maximum.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E75-10314 , NASA-CR-142916
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    The performance and calibration of WFPC2 on the Huble Space Telescope (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) was installed in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in 1993 December. Since then, the instrument has been providing high-quality images. A significant among of calibration data has been collected to aid in the understanding of the on-orbit performance of the instrument. Generally, the behavior of the camera is similar to its performance during the system-level thermal vacuum test at JPL in 1993 May. Surprises were a significant charge-transfer-efficiency (CTE) problem and a significant growth rate in hot pixels at the original operating temperature of the CCDs (-76 deg C). The operating temperature of the WFPC2 CCDs was changed to -88 deg C on 1994 April 23, and significant improvements in CTE and hot pixels are seen at this temperature. In this paper we describe the on-orbit performance of the WFPC2. We discuss the optical and thermal history, the instrument throughput and stability, the Point Spread Function (PSF), the effects of undersampling on photometry, the properties of cosmic rays observed on-orbit, and the geometric distortion in the camera. We present the best techniques for the reduction of WFPC2 data, and describe the construction of calibration products including superbiases, superdarks, and flat fields.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Publications (ISSN 0004-6280); 107; 708; p. 156-178
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    The RIASS coronathon: Joint X-ray and ultraviolet observations of normal F-K stars (1995)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Between 1990 August and 1991 January the ROSAT/IUE All Sky Survey (RIASS) coordinated pointings by the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) with the continuous X-ray/EUV mapping by the Roentgensatellit (ROSAT). The campaign provided an unprecedented multiwavelength view of a wide variety of cosmic sources. We report findings for F-K stars, a large proportion of the RIASS targets. Forty-eight of our 91 'Coronathon' candidates were observed by the IUE during the campaign. For stars missed by the IUE, we supplemented the ROSAT survey fluxes with archival UV spectra and/or follow-on observations.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (ISSN 0067-0049); 96; 1; p. 223-259
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Application of ERTS-1 data to the protection and management of New Jersey's coastal environment (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. Quasi-operational information products for coastal zone management have been prepared using ERTS-1 imagery and collateral aerial photography. These products were applied to the practical regulation, protection, and management of New Jersey's coastal environment. Procedures were developed for the operational use of ERTS-1 data products within New Jersey's Department of Environmental Protection. Successful analysis and product preparation for operational needs centered on four major coastal resource problem areas: (1) detection of environmental changes in coastal areas, (2) siting of ocean outfalls, (3) monitoring of offshore waste disposal, and (4) calculation of recession rates along the Atlantic Shore. The utility and monetary benefits derived from ERTS and aircraft imagery for each problem area have been determined. The NJDEP estimates the possibility of $620,000 yearly savings through the use of an operational ERTS system and a one-time savings of $2.8 million on current or planned projects if a truly operational ERTS type satellite were available.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E75-10190 , NASA-CR-142339
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Skylab S-193 altimeter experiment performance, results and applications (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A description of the Skylab altimeter instrument system along with the appropriate system error model is presented. The data processing flow, orbit computation, and topographic recovery techniques are discussed. Some data analysis results are presented which indicate excellent correlation with underwater topographic features. In addition, results are shown which indicate that the instrument performance was as expected.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: International Symposium on Applications of Marine Geodesy; Jun 03, 1974 - Jun 05, 1974; Columbus, OH
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Microwave signatures of snow, ice and soil at several wavelengths (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Analyses of data obtained from aircraft-borne radiometers have shown that the microwave signatures of various parts of the terrain depend on both the volume scattering cross-section and the dielectric loss in the medium. In soil, it has been found that experimental data fit a model in which the scattering cross section is negligible compared to the dielectric loss. On the other hand, the volume scattering cross-section in snow and continental ice was found, from analyzing data obtained with aircraft- and spacecraft-borne radiometers, to be more important than the dielectric loss or surface reflectivity in determining the observed microwave emissivity. A model which assumes Mie scattering of ice particles of various sizes was found to be the dominant volume scattering mechanism in these media. Both spectral variation in the microwave signatures of snow and ice fields, as well as the variation in the emissivity of continental ice sheets such as those covering Greenland and Antarctica appear to be consistent with this model.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: Specialist Meeting on Microwave Scattering and Emission from the Earth; Sep 23, 1974 - Sep 26, 1974; Berne; Switzerland
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Statistics of Ku-band microwave response of the United States with a satellite borne radiometer/scatterometer (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. The Skylab S-193 radiometer/scatterometer collected thousands of measurements of scattering coefficient and brightness temperature over various parts of the United States during the summer of 1973 at angles of incidence between vertical and about 45 deg. These measurements have been combined to produce histograms of the response at each of several angles within this range, and to establish average scattering coefficient vs angle curves with 10% and 90% exceedance levels as well. The variation of the radiometric measurements is primarily in the region from 255 K to 285 K, with very few measurements giving higher values, but a significant, though small, number giving values down to and even below 200 K. The scattering coefficient varies, for the mean, from about 0 db at 1 deg off vertical to a low in the neighborhood of -10 db at 45 deg. The variability of the scattering coefficient measurements with this coarse resolution sensor is surprisingly small. The number of distinguishable levels is slightly more for the scatterometer than for the radiometer, but the amount of variation in brightness temperature caused by the physical temperature of the ground is enough so that the scatterometer can be used to distinguish significantly more meaningful levels than the radiometer.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: E75-10129 , NASA-CR-142049
    Format: application/pdf
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