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  • Springer  (62)
  • American Geophysical Union  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (49)
  • 1970-1974  (14)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A strained InAIAs/InGaAs superlattice avalanche photodiode with a waveguide structure for low bias-voltage operation (1996)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 28 (1996), S. 575-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An InAIAs/InGaAs superlattice (SL) multiplication layer operating at an IC-power supply voltage was realized by introducing strain into the SL. Using this SL as an absorption and multiplication layer, edge-coupled InAIAs/InGaAs SL avalanche photodiodes with waveguide structures were demonstrated. An avalanche multiplication factor larger than 10 was achieved at a bias voltage of less than 7V. A wide 3 dB bandwidth of 8 GHz was obtained at a multiplication factor of 3 and a wavelength of 1.3 μm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00943627
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein Kinase C Modulates the Synthesis of Nitric Oxide by Osteoblasts (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 63 (1998), S. 22-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Cytokine — Nitric oxide — Osteoblast — Protein kinase C.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. To determine the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis of osteoblast, a combination of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, bacterial lipopolysaccharide) were added on rat osteoblast-like cells. Results show that these cytokines clearly enhanced the synthesis of NO. The activation of PKC with phorbol ester also resulted in the stimulation of NO synthesis in these cells. These cytokines activated PKC and increased the levels of intracellular Ca2+. In addition, the cytokine-induced synthesis of NO was blocked by PKC inhibitors. Findings suggest the involvement of PKC in the synthesis of NO by rat osteoblasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900484
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of prolactin and its receptor messenger RNA in the human decidua (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 1216-1219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: In situ hybridization ; endometrium ; pregnancy ; prolactin ; prolactin receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Prolactin (PRL) is known as an anterior pituitary hormone. On the other hand, PRL is also produced in the human decidualized endometrium. The physiological role and site of action of endometrial PRL have not yet been clarified. This study was designed to investigate the localization of PRL receptor (PRL-R) gene-expressing cells in the human decidualized endometrium using in situ hybridization histochemistry. Sense and antisense35S-labeled RNA probes for human PRL-R mRNA were hybridized with cryostat sections of human decidua, which were obtained from patients undergoing therapeutic abortion at 8–10 weeks of gestation. Hybridization signals for PRL-R mRNA were seen over the decidual cells. No labeled cells were seen in the chorion, amnion, or trophoblast. Comparing the localization of PRL-R gene-expressing cells to that of PRL gene-expressing cells using adjacent sections, their distributions were quite similar. These results indicate that not only PRL but also PRL-R transcripts are located in the decidual cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01944739
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the sequential determination of trace metals in sea water after electrothermal vaporization of their dithiocarbamate complexes in methyl isobutyl ketone (1997)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 357 (1997), S. 1122-1127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  A sensitive method has been developed for the sequential determination of V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo and Sb in sea water using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after electrothermal vaporization of their dithiocarbamate complexes in methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). After complexion with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (NaDDTC), all trace analyte elements were simultaneously separated from sea water matrix and concentrated 20 fold in a single extract of MIBK, followed by introduction of 10 μL of the extract into argon plasma using a pyrolytic graphite rod electrothermal vaporizer (ETV). Sensitivity enhancement due to chemical modification using a mixed modifier of Pd(NO3)2-Mg(NO3)2 was observed for all the elements. The limits of detection ranged from 2 ng/L for Co to 329 ng/L for V. For replicate determinations of the elements in sea water, the repeatability was within 10% (as a coefficient variation), except for V (12.8%). The recovery test performed on a sea water sample resulted in a range value from 87% for Sb to 119% for V. The method has been successfully applied to sea water samples collected from the surface to the depth of 5000 m at a sampling station in the northwest Pacific Ocean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160050317
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of an automated continuous measurement system for the monitoring of HCHO and CH3CHO in the atmosphere by using an annular diffusion scrubber coupled to HPLC (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 363 (1999), S. 686-695 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An automated continuous measurement system for the monitoring of formaldehyde (HCHO) and acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) in the urban atmosphere was developed by using an annular diffusion scrubber in conjunction with a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). With this technique, atmospheric HCHO and CH3CHO were effectively collected by the annular diffusion scrubber which consists of a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tube disposed concentrically within a Pyrex-glass tube and a scrubbing solution. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) was selected as the scrubbing solution for collecting HCHO and CH3CHO, which are derivatized to 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone-formaldehyde (DNPH-HCHO) and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone-acetaldehyde (DNPH-CH3CHO), respectively. An aliquot of the sample solution was automatically injected into an HPLC equipped with a semi-micro ODS column and a UV-VIS detector for separating and determining DNPH-HCHO and DNPH-CH3CHO. All the operations are sequenced by a programmable controller, and automated continuous measurements are performed with a typical temporal resolution of 1 h. The collection efficiencies of HCHO and CH3CHO were about 97% and 93%, respectively, at an air flow rate of 0.2 L/min. The lower detection limits (3σ of the blank hydrazones) of HCHO and CH3CHO were 0.05 ppbv and 0.10 ppbv, respectively, in the case of 12-L air sample volume. Analytical response of a standard solution of DNPH-HCHO and DNPH-CH3CHO by the HPLC during a 10-day continuous measurement was unchanged and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 〈 1.0%. Interferences from O3 and NO2 were insignificant in this annular diffusion scrubber method. Both for HCHO and CH3CHO measurements, concentrations from this developed system well agreed with those measured by a DNPH Silica cartridge method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051272
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preservation of glycogen in decalcified hard tissues (1970)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 21 (1970), S. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Various fixatives and fixation procedures were tested to evaluate their effects on the preservation of glycogen in sections of decalcified hard tissues. Lower jaws from 1-day-old rats were chosen for the observations. An aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde showed poor preservation of glycogen in the tissues even when employed in the perfusion procedure. Freeze-drying and formaldehyde vapour fixation preserved it much better, but glycogen was still lost to some extent. Freeze-substitution with acetone and various alcoholic fixatives gave a poor result, unless the tissues were fixed with cyanuric chloride. Cyanuric chloride in methanol containing N-methyl morphorine was the best fixative for the preservation of glycogen in the sections. A combination of freeze-substitution with the cyanuric chloride solution, decalcification with the Jenkins's fluid, and subsequent double-embedding in celloidin and paraffin was recommendable for an excellent glycogen preservation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304216
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable transformation of Lithospermum erythrorhizon by Agrobacterium rhizogenes and shikonin production of the transformants (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1998), S. 214-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key wordsAgrobacterium rhizogenes ; β-Glucuronidase ; Hairy root ; Lithospermum erythrorhizon ; Stable transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seedling hypocotyls of Lithospermum erythrorhizon were infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes (strain 15834) harboring a binary vector with an intron-bearing the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene driven by cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter as well as the hygromycin phosphotransferase (HPT) gene as the selection marker. About 20% of the hairy roots isolated were hygromycin resistant and had co-integrated GUS and HPT genes in their Lithospermum genomic DNA. Because GUS activity was detected in almost all the hygromycin-resistant root tissues, the CaMV 35S promoter seems to be ubiquitously active in L. erythrorhizon hairy roots. In pigment production medium M9, the hairy root cultures had shikonin productivity similar to that of cell suspension cultures of Lithospermum. They also showed light-dependent inhibition of shikonin biosynthesis similar to that of Lithospermum cell cultures. These findings suggest that this hairy root system transformable with A. rhizogenes is a suitable model system for molecular characterization of shikonin biosynthesis via reverse genetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050559
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel fast atom beam (FAB) processes for fabricating functional nanostructures on three-dimensional microstructures (1997)
    Springer
    Microsystem technologies 3 (1997), S. 112-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1858
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Technology
    Notes: Abstract  We have developed four manufacturing processes that use a fast atom beam (FAB) for fabricating functional nanostructures on three-dimensional (3-D) microstructures. Such fabrication involves two steps: (1) producing the 3-D microstructure; and (2) producing the nanometer-size functional structures at a local point on this microstructure. The FAB methods that we developed for the first step are the separated (non-contact) mask FAB (SM-FAB) and moving mask FAB (MM-FAB), and those for the second step are the nanometer-motion moving mask FAB (NMM-FAB) and electron-beam deposition-pattern FAB (ED-FAB). We previously demonstrated the capability of the SM-FAB, by producing a multi-faced microstructure, a micro gojyunoto (named after an old Japanese temple tower). In this study, we describe and demonstrate the capability of the MM-FAB, by producing multiple, multi-curved and sloped structure, a diffraction grating structure; the NMM-FAB, by producing ultra-fine stairs, 30 nm wide and 30 nm high; and the ED-FAB, by producing a GaAs line structure, 55.3 nm wide and 13.6 nm high. These results show that these FAB methods are effective in producing 3-D microstructures and nano-structures. Combinations of these methods will make it possible to produce functional nanostructures on 3-D microstructures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005420050066
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of Multiple Phase Transitions in Single-crystalline CuO by DSC Heat Capacity Measurement (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 57 (1999), S. 853-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: cupric oxide ; heat capacity anomaly ; magnetic phase transition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Heat capacity measurements were carried out on single-crystalline CuO in the temperature range 130–300 K. Sharp peaks corresponding to the antiferromagnetic transitions were clearly observed at 211 and 227 K. At the low-temperature end, near 160 K, a wide peak in the heat capacity signal was also demonstrated. An electric anomaly was observed in the temperature range 150–160 K, which strongly suggests the possibility of a new low-temperature phase transition in CuO. This study also indicates that DSC measurement is an effective tool to detect magnetic transitions and probe subtle phase transitions in solids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010110728933
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new evaluation method of modal fracture energy of fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 34 (1999), S. 2331-2334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An evaluation method of modal fracture energy was newly proposed for fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites which essentially showed multi-modal fracture behavior. The total work done during fracture was separated into the tensile fracture work and the shear fracture work in consideration of the tensile fracture surface area and the shear fracture surface area. This modal separation resulted in the tensile fracture energy and the shear fracture energy per unit crack extension. Modal fracture energies of carbon fiber-reinforced pitch-derived carbon composites heat-treated at 1000°C and 1200°C were evaluated by this method. The tensile fracture energies of the composites heat-treated at 1000°C and 1200°C were 0.92 kJ/m2 and 1.4 kJ/m2, the shear fracture energies of the composites heat-treated at 1000°C and 1200°C were 0.020 kJ/m2 and 0.030 kJ/ m2, respectively. The experimental result successfully demonstrated the adequate modal fracture energies of the composites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004538027008
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