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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 750 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 3 (1977), S. 245-256 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary α-Glucosidase isolated from brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces carlsbergensis) was immobilized using hydroxymethacrylate activated by cyanogen bromide as a carrier. Up to a hundred-fold increase in the stability of the enzyme was observed after immobilization. The yield in activity (bound/applied) was up to 30%. Before developing the process of enzymatic cleavage of maltose further we evaluated the kinetic properties of the enzyme catalyst, as we had observed earlier that the soluble enzyme is strongly inhibited by the product glucose. This is even more pronounced with the immobilized α-glucosidase leading in this case to a linear relation between initial rate and substrate concentration, so KM (approx.) values can no longer be defined due to the dominating influence of the product inhibition.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 3 (1977), S. 257-265 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A new, sensitive and continuous assay for α-glucosidase is described exploiting the different angles of rotation for the substrate maltose and the product glucose. Kinetic experiments revealed a very pronounced product inhibition of α-glucosidase fromSaccharomyces carlsbergensis with a Ki of 4.85·10−3 M for glucose. The KM of maltose was found to be 37.8·10−3 M. Taking these values, an integral kinetic curve for the enzymatic hydrolysis of maltose was calculated, which is shown to fit the experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 24 (1979), S. 175-181 
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A procedure for the large-scale isolation of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli MRE 600 is described: The enzyme was purified about 320-fold to homogeneity by precipitation with cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide, two consecutive chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose and three on hydroxyapatite with an over-all yield of 4%. The molecular weight of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli MRE 600 was found to be 99 000 daltons. Binding studies by ultracentrifugation and equilibrium partition showed that the enzyme binds leucine, leucyl-adenylate and tRNALeu, each in a 1 : 1 stoichiometry. For ATP only a very weak binding to the enzyme could be observed, which did not allow the evaluation of the complex stoichiometry. The presence of ATP was not required for the binding of leucine or tRNA to leucyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli MRE 600.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 15 (1998), S. 139-145 
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: activated deoxysugars ; preparative enzymatic synthesis ; sucrose synthase ; dehydratase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract dTDP–6–deoxy–4–keto–D–glucose (1), the common intermediate in the biosyntheses of the mainfold deoxysugars, was synthesized on a gram–scale by the combination of sucrose synthase and dTDP–D–glucose 4,6–dehydratase in a fed batch, starting the reaction with dTDP. This process allowed a dTDP conversion with a 100% rate. An easy and efficient three–step purification with anion–exchange chromatography and gel filtration gave 1.1 g of 1 in an overall yield of 73%. This work realizes a first step for an economic access to activated deoxysugars.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 108 (1975), S. 3079-3090 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of L-α-Amino Acids Structurally Related to Isoleucinetert-Butyl isocyanoacetate (4) is an appropriate starting material for the synthesis of aliphatic α-amino acids by a minimum of steps and in good yields. Starting with 4, this paper describes the synthesis of α-amino acids not branched at the β carbon atom (6), that of 3,3-dialkyl-2-formamido-2-alkenoic acid esters (7), their hydrogenation and their hydrolysis to β-branched α-amino acids (9), the enzymatic resolution of racemic mixtures, and the separation of diastereomeric amino acids by means of high-voltage paper electrophoresis. The absolute configurations of the pure amino acids are also reported.
    Notes: Isocyanessigsäure-tert-butylester (4) ist ein geeignetes Ausgangsprodukt, aliphatische α-Amino-carbonsäuren in wenigen Schritten und guten Ausbeuten darzustellen. Diese Arbeit beschreibt, ausgehend von 4, die Synthese von β-unverzweigten α-Aminocarbonsäuren (6), die Darstellung von 3,3-Dialkyl-2-formamido-2-alkensäureestern (7), deren Hydrierung und Verseifung zu β-verzweigten α-Aminocarbonsäuren (9), die enzymatische Trennung racemischer Gemische sowie die Trennung diastereomerer Aminosäuren durch Hochspannungspapierelektrophorese. Die Absolutkonfiguration der reinen Verbindungen wird mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 48 (1995), S. 301-301 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 205-211 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: monoclonal antibodies ; fermentation ; fluidized bed adsorption ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To achive the coarse purification of a monoclonal antibody from whole hybridoma fermentation broth a fluidized bed cation exchange process was used. The procedure consisted of application of the crude sample and washing of the bed in a fluidized mode and elution in a fixed bed mode. A completely clarified eluate was obtained with purification factors between 4 and 8 and a concentration of the desired product (monoclonal antibody) by a factor of more than 3 was achived. Thus, a combination of the three early steps of the downstream process clarification, concentration and coarse purification was possible. Two different materials were tested: a commercially available agarose-based matrix (Stream-line-SP), and a self-derivatized material based on controlled-pore glass (Bioran). Initial experiments were performed to describe the fluidization of the glass material. Comparison with the agarose material showed several differences, the agarose matrix allowing liquid flow closer to plug flow than the glass material. Increased backmixing in the liquid phase was detected when fluidizing the glass adsorbent compared with the agarose-based matrix. Despite this fact, comparison of the two materials with respect to antibody binding and elution demonstrated a similar performance. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 48 (1995), S. 367-374 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: adsorption ; fluidization ; hydrodynamics ; proteinpurification ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The performance of fluidized bed adsorption is strongly influenced by the hydrodynamics of the fluidization process. Especially axial mixing in the liquid and solid phase may lead to reduced capacity and resolution. In this article axial mixing in the liquid phase of a classified fluidized bed based on porous glass granules is presented. Axial mixing was analyzed by measurements of residence time distributions in a fluidized bed, showing a reduction of mixing at increased ratio of bed height to diameter as well as at increased linear velocity of the liquid stream. These results were transferred to two real adsorption systems on two different scales: In a bench scale (up to 15 mL of adsorbent) the purification of monoclonal antibodies from hybridoma supernatant was performed with a cation exchanger, in a larger scale (up to 750 mL of matrix) the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the same matrix was investigated. The results showed an increase of capacity at increased bed height-to-diameter ratio; with regard to linear velocity a broad range of only slightly changed capacity was found. A shift from dispersion controlled to diffusion controlled adsorption at intermediate linear velocity was proposed by isolating the effect of pore diffusion from the effect of dispersion. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16 (1974), S. 623-634 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Maltase, phosphatase, malate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities were determined in the supernatant of brewer's yeast cells from samples taken at various intervals during a 90 min treatment in a Dyno-Mill disintegrator.In an attempt to find optimum operating conditions, the following parameters were varied: speed of rotation of the agitator, flow rate, yeast concentration in the slurry and bead diameter, and the specific rate of extraction was determined for each such variation. Analysis of the data showed that, superimposed upon extraction, there was a progressive but slow loss of total activities. Enzyme release could be expressed as an approximately first-order chemical reaction. The results compared well with those of Follows et al. (Biotechnol. Bioeng.), 13, 549 (1971) and showed that the Dyno-Mill can be operated under proper conditions without significant loss of enzyme activity and with high yields.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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