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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal nucleation and cavitation in helium-3 fluids (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 3726-3731 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have investigated droplet nucleation and bubble cavitation in the quantum fluid helium-3 based on a nonlocal density-functional approach. A marked effect of droplet (or bubble) curvature on the rate of droplet nucleation or cavitation has been found. Without considering this curvature effect (as in the classical theory of nucleation) the droplet nucleation rate for helium-3 could be underestimated (i.e., near 1 K) or overestimated (i.e., near 2.5 K) by orders of magnitude, respectively; for bubble cavitation, the rate could be underestimated by more than twenty orders of magnitude (near 1 K). © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471027
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current and condensate distributions in rotational excited states of quantum liquid clusters (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 2669-2683 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recent quantum Monte Carlo calculations of small quantum clusters have shown that it is feasible to study their rotationally excited states directly. [M. A. McMahon, R. N. Barnett, and K. B. Whaley, J. Chem. Phys. 99, 8816 (1993).] We extend this work by sampling, from optimized variational wave functions, the current and Bose condensate distributions in (4He)7, (H2)7, and (4He)40 clusters. We demonstrate that these distributions are useful tools in identifying the location and nature of rotational excitations. With different constructions of rotational wave functions, the excitations can be either localized (as surface modes), or delocalized throughout the cluster analogous to the bulk superfluid vortex states. Condensate depletions in the excited states are observed, except for the delocalized excitation, where we find a higher condensate fraction than in the ground state. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470989
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical calculations of zero-temperature absorption spectra of Li in solid H2 (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 3155-3175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We employ variational and diffusion Monte Carlo methods to calculate the ground state properties of both pure and Li doped solid H2. The absorption spectra of Li in the H2 solid are calculated from the sampled ground state configurations and a pseudothermal semiclassical spectral line theory, based on the Franck–Condon principle for a condensed phase system. The T=0 numerical results of various thermodynamic properties of the pure and doped solid agree well with those from previous theoretical calculations. However, the Li spectra differ significantly from results of a finite temperature path integral Monte Carlo calculation [D. Scharf et al., J. Chem. Phys. 99, 9013 (1993)], which employed a different Li*–H2 potential. The differences in two calculations are extensively discussed here, and comparisons are also made with available experimental data. We demonstrate that accurate measurements of the Li absorption spectrum provide a powerful means to probe the local structures of the Li trapping sites. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471081
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topologies of capillary condensation (1996)
    Springer
    Adsorption 2 (1996), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8757
    Keywords: adsorption in pores ; computer simulation ; wetting ; heterogeneity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Calculations are presented to illustrate the dependence of capillary adsorption upon the interactions present in model pores. The sequence of phase transitions at zero temperature is determined for a Lennard-Jones lattice gas in a pore consisting of 4 × 4 × ∞ sites. The dependence of the specific filling sequence upon the comparative strength of the gas-pore wall and the gas-gas interaction well-depths is determined. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations of sorption at finite temperature in the continuum version of the same model pore are also reported. Both the theory and the simulations were performed with variable gas-solid and gas-gas energy well-depths. At a temperature of 90 K, the gas-solid heterogeneity associated with atoms adsorbed in the corners, on the walls and in the interior pore volume gives rise to sequential adsorption similar to that observed in the lattice gas calculation at 0 K. A gradual approach to non-wetting behavior is observed as the gas-solid well-depth decreases. Values of the gas-solid well-depth needed to produce pore filling at saturation (i.e., “pore-wetting”) are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00127098
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axenic aerobic biofilms inhibit corrosion of SAE 1018 steel through oxygen depletion (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 48 (1997), S. 11-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Corrosion inhibition of SAE 1018 steel by pure-culture biofilms of Pseudomonas fragi and Escheri-chia coli DH5α has been evaluated in complex Luria-Bertani medium, seawater-mimicking medium, and modified Baar's medium at 30 °C. In batch cultures, both bacteria inhibited corrosion three to six fold compared to sterile controls, and the corrosion was comparable to that observed in anaerobic sterile media. To corroborate this result, a continuous reactor and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to show that both P. fragi K and E. coli DH5α decreased the corrosion rate by 4- to 40-fold as compared to sterile controls; this matched the decrease in corrosion found with sterile medium in the absence of oxygen and with E. coli DH5α grown anaerobically. In addition, the requirement for live respiring cells was demonstrated by the increase in the corrosion rate that was observed upon killing the P. fragi K biofilm in continuous cultures, and it was shown that fermentation products do not cause an increase in corrosion. Hence, pure-culture biofilms inhibit corrosion of SAE 1018 steel by depleting oxygen at the metal surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051007
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemistry of tonin in rat submandibular gland during development, lactation and secretion (1983)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 79 (1983), S. 433-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tonin is a serine protease found in high concentrations in the submandibular gland (SMG) of the adult rat where it has been localized by immunohistochemistry in the granular ducts. The present study examined the development of tonin in the SMG, the effect of lactation and of stimulation of tonin relase, using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique and antitonin. Tonin-like immunoreactivity first appeared in the primitive striated duct of the SMG on day 19 foetal and increased in intensity as the ducts developed into granular ducts. Reaction product in granules was seen on day 17 postpartum. Its localization within granules was established by immunochemistry of Sepharose beads to which had been coupled the contents of granules isolated from adult rats. The granular ducts of female rats, which are less developed than in the male, showed a marked increase in tonin-immunoreactivity during lactation. Stimulation of tonin secretion by isoprenaline caused massive discharge of tonin-like immunoreactivity into the lumen of the granular ducts during in vitro incubation. However, within one hour complete regranulation was apparent. The secretion was prevented by propranolol. The results indicate that tonin or a tonin-like substance appears in the rat submandibular gland late in gestation in ducts that presumably develop into granular ducts where it is found in abundance in granules in the adult, that the amount in females is increased during lactation, and that most of the granules are discharged during stimulation, only to be rapidly replaced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491778
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Line tension of liquid helium at prewetting transitions (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 101 (1995), S. 331-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Keywords: 68.45.Gd ; 82.60.Nh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple model based on interfacial description is used to calculate the line tension of liquid helium at prewetting transitions, i.e. the energy associated with the region which joins the two phases in equilibrium, as a function of the amplitude of the prewetting jump d. The values are typically one order of magnitude smaller than σd, where σ is the surface tension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00753316
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkali dimers on the surface of liquid helium (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of low temperature physics 100 (1995), S. 501-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7357
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A recent paper by Ancilottoet al. (Zeitschrift für Physik B, in press), presented calculations of adsorption energies and the geometry of a surface dimple for alkali atoms bound to the surfaces of quantum liquids (4He,3He, H2). Here we present a study of the adsorption of two alkali dimers (Li2, Na2) on the surface of liquid helium. The calculations employ a model of an abrupt interface formulated by Ancilotto et al. as well as one using a diffuse interface. Our conclusion its that the dimers are bound to the surface more strongly than their respective monomers. In the case of dimers there is an additional degree of freedom-the orientation of the molecular axis relative to the surface. We study the influence of molecular anisotropy on adsorption by comparing the cases of “erect” and “spinning flat” orientations and conclude that the latter is energetically favored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00751522
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of biofilm formation for corrosion inhibition of SAE 1018 steel by axenic aerobic biofilms (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 18 (1997), S. 396-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: biofilms; corrosion inhibition; confocal scanning laser microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To investigate if corrosion inhibition by aerobic biofilms is a general phenomenon, carbon steel (SAE 1018) coupons were exposed to a complex liquid medium (Luria–Bertani) and seawater-mimicking medium (VNSS) containing fifteen different pure-culture bacterial suspensions representing seven genera. Compared to sterile controls, the mass loss in the presence of these bacteria (which are capable of developing a biofilm to various degrees) decreased by 2- to 15-fold. The extent of corrosion inhibition in LB medium depended on the nature of the biofilm: an increased proportion of live cells, observed with confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) and image analysis, decreased corrosion. Corrosion inhibition in LB medium was greatest with Pseudomonas putida (good biofilm formation), while metal coupons exposed to Streptomyces lividans in LB medium (poor biofilm formation) corroded in a manner similar to the sterile controls. Pseudomonas mendocina KR1 reduced corrosion the most in VNSS. It appears that only a small layer of active, respiring cells is required to inhibit corrosion, and the corrosion inhibition observed is due to the attached biofilm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900396
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The binding of alkali atoms to the surfaces of liquid helium and hydrogen (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 98 (1995), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 36.40.Mr ; 67.40.Yu ; 67.55.Lf
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Alkali atoms have been shown previously to have only unstable binding states inside liquid4He. We calculate the equilibrium configurations and binding energies of single alkali atoms near the liquid-vapor interface of4He and3He. A simple interface model is used to predict the surface deformation due to the presence of the atoms. A more realistic density functional model yields somewhat higher energies in the case of4He. For all alkali atoms, we find the surface binding energies to be around 10 to 20 K. A similar analysis with atom-H2 interactions finds that alkali atoms tend to submerge into liquid H2, with the exception of Li.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01338398
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