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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (30)
  • Life Sciences (General)  (15)
  • *Anaphase
  • 1995-1999  (16)
  • 1980-1984  (30)
  • 1
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    A system for low field imaging of laser-polarized noble gas (1999)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: We describe a device for performing MRI with laser-polarized noble gas at low magnetic fields (〈50 G). The system is robust, portable, inexpensive, and provides gas-phase imaging resolution comparable to that of high field clinical instruments. At 20.6 G, we have imaged laser-polarized (3)He (Larmor frequency of 67 kHz) in both sealed glass cells and excised rat lungs, using approximately 0.1 G/cm gradients to achieve approximately 1 mm(2) resolution. In addition, we measured (3)He T(2)(*) times greater than 100 ms in excised rat lungs, which is roughly 20 times longer than typical values observed at high ( approximately 2 T) fields. We include a discussion of the practical considerations for working at low magnetic fields and conclude with evidence of radiation damping in this system. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997) (ISSN 1090-7807); Volume 141; 2; 217-27
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  • 2
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    Observational tests of baryon symmetric cosmology (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Observational evidence for Baryon symmetric (matter/antimatter) cosmology and future observational tests are reviewed. The most significant consequences of Baryon symmetric cosmology lie in the prediction of an observable cosmic background of gamma radiation from the decay of Pi(O)-mesons produced in nucleon-antinucleon annihilations. Equations for the prediction of the gamma ray background spectrum for the case of high redshifts are presented. The theoretical and observational plots of the background spectrum are shown to be in good agreement. Measurements of cosmic ray antiprotons and the use of high energy neutrino astronomy to look for antimatter elsewhere in the universe are also addressed. Previously announced in STAR as N83-10996
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 3
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    Axions and the evolution of structure in the universe (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A cosmological scenario where axions provide the dark matter in the universe is considered. Fluctuations in the axion-field energy denisty produced by domain walls and strings cause the appearance of 'axion clumps' of masses of order 10 to the 6th solar masses which most likely collapse to black holes by or at the time that the universe becomes axion dominated at T approximately 10 eV. These objects form the building blocks for the clustering hierarchy theory of galaxy and supercluster formation on scales up to about 10 Mpc and 10 to the 15th solar masses.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Physical Review Letters; 50; Mar. 21
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Asymptotic freedom in the early big bang and the isotropy of the cosmic microwave background (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: It is suggested that a superunified field theory incorporating gravity and possessing asymptotic freedom could provide a solution to the problem of the isotropy of the universal 3 K background radiation. Thermal equilibrium could be established in this context through interactions occurring in a temporally indefinite pre-Planckian era.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 235
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  • 5
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    Helium synthesis, neutrino flavors, and cosmological implications (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The problem of the production of helium in the big bang is reexamined in the light of several recent astrophysical observations. These data, and theoretical particle-physics considerations, lead to some important inconsistencies in the standard big-bang model and suggest that a more complicated picture is needed. Thus, recent constraints on the number of neutrino flavors, as well as constraints on the mean density (openness) of the universe, need not be valid.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Physical Review Letters; 44; May 5
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  • 6
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    Grand unification and possible matter-antimatter domain structure in the Universe (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N81-23986)
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
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  • 7
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    Astrophysical tests for radiative decay of neutrinos and fundamental physics implications (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: (Previously announced in STAR as N82-20098)
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 257
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  • 8
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    Axions, neutrinos and strings: The formation of structure in an SO(10) universe (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: In a class of grand unified theories containing SO(10), cosmologically significant axion and neutrino energy densities are obtainable naturally. To obtain large scale structure, both components of dark matter are considered to exist with comparable energy densities. To obtain large scale structure, inflationary and non-inflationary scenarios are considered, as well as scenarios with and without vacuum strings. It is shown that inflation may be compatible with recent observations of the mass density within galaxy clusters and superclusters, especially if strings are present.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-86139 , NAS 1.15:86139 , Fermilab Inner Space-Outer Space Workshop
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  • 9
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    Soft CP violation and the global matter-antimatter symmetry of the universe (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Scenarios for baryon production are considered within the context of SU(5) and SO(10) grand unified theories where CP violation arises spontaneously. The spontaneous CP symmetry breaking then results in a matter-antimatter domain structure in the universe. Two possible, distinct types of theories of soft CP violation are defined. In the first type the CP nonconservation originates only from the breaking of SU(2) sub L X U(1) symmetry, and in the second type, even at the unification temperature scale, CP violation can emerge as a result of symmetry breaking by the vacuum expectation values of the superheavy Higgs sector scalars.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-80730
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  • 10
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    Grand unification and possible matter-antimatter domain structure in the universe (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The theory and basic concepts for the development of a matter-antimatter domain cosmology are outlined within the framework of the grand unified gauge theory paradigm. It is shown how spontaneous CP symmetry breaking leads to such a domain sturcture in the universe. Astrophysical data such as the cosmic gamma-ray background spectrum, cosmic-ray p flux measurements, and galaxy clustering are found to favor this point of view. Future tests of this form of big-bang cosmology are suggested and discussed, including tests using deep underwater cosmic ray neutrino detectors.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-82083 , Texas Symp. on Relativistic Astrophys.; Texas; United States
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