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  • Chemistry  (66)
  • Organic Chemistry  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (37)
  • 1980-1984  (29)
  • 1960-1964  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic stability of the ordered conformations of carrageenan polyelectrolytes (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 23 (1984), S. 1771-1794 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Manning's counterion condensation theory has been applied to the temperature-induced conformational transition of κ- and ι-carrageenan in the solution and gel states. The formalism of the theory has been extended to transitions between conformations with charge densities below or across the counterion condensation threshold. Measurements of the dependence of the melting temperature on ionic strength, and of the enthalpy of melting, are interpreted with the theory as indicating that the conformational transition is intramolecular and that side-by-side dimerization of chains gives rise to the gel structure.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360230911
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regioselective Enzyme-Mediated Glycosylation of Natural Polyhydroxy Compounds. Part 1. Galactosylation of stevioside and steviolbioside (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 80 (1997), S. 1153-1160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bovine β-1,4-galactosyltransierase is an efficient catalyst for the regioselective transfer of galactose from UPD-galactose, generated in situ with the UDP-glucose/UDP-glucose-4-epimerase system, to the kaurane glycosides stevioside (1) and Steviolbioside (2), affording the corresponding galactosyl derivatives 3 and 4 in high yields. By a combination of 2D NMR techniques (COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), the structure of the products is established as 13-[(β -D-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)- β -D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]kaur-16-en-19-oic acid β -D-glucopyranosyl ester (3) and 13-[(β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 4)- β-D-glu-copyranosyl-(1 → 2)- β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (4).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19970800412
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Configurational statistics of poly(dimethylsiloxane) accounting for all rotational states (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 2033-2040 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Some configuration-dependent properties of poly(dimethylsiloxane) are evaluated by taking into account the full rotational range around skeletal bounds (ars model). Allocation of fractional electronic charges to Si, O and C atoms and consequent coulombic interactions give an essential contribution to the interpretation of experimental data. A comparison is drawn with the rotational isomeric state (ris) model adopted by many authors. A substantial equivalence between the two models is detected in the study of long polymer chains while some detectable difference arises in the description of short sequences.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1982.021830820
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical oligomerization of sulfonanilides onto copper sheet anodes (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 181 (1980), S. 1909-1921 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Methanesulfonanilide and benzenesulfonanilide, salified by a suitable amine were electrolyzed with Cu sheets as anodes in water/organic solvent medium. Coherent insulating coatings on the Cu sheets were thus obtained, which on the basis of various analytical tests resulted to have an oligomeric structure. One electron oxidation of the anilide anions and carbonium-nitrogen coupling of the intermediate free radicals are suggested as the main steps of anilides oligomerization.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1980.021810912
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Data analyses or problem formulations? (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemometrics 9 (1995), S. 226-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-9383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cem.1180090309
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conversion of the enzymatic hydrolysate of shellfish waste chitin to single-cell protein (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 1067-1078 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The conversion of the enzymatic hydrolysate of shellfish chitin waste to single-cell protein was investigated as part of a comprehensive waste treatment program. Forty-two yeasts were screened for ability to assimilate the monomer of chitin, N-acetylglucosamine, which has been shown to be the sole product of enzymatic hydrolysis of chitin. The Yeast Pichia Kudriavzevii was selected for study, based on ability to grow at high temperature (37°C and above), low pH (4.0 ± 0.5), and in a nutritionally simple medium. Growth rates of P. kudriavzevii were similar on N-acetylglucosamine and on the chitin hydrolysate. Dependencies of specific growth rate on temperature, pH, medium composition, and oxygen tension were studied. The variations of yield, protein content, and total nucleic acid content with the specific growth rate were evaluated. The amino acid distribution of the protein of P. kudriavzevii was obtained.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230514
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Electrocyclic Reactions (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1999 (1999), S. 1921-1924 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cyclizations ; Electrocyclic reactions ; Solvent effects ; Salt effect ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rate constants of the electrocyclic ring closure of (1Z,3Z,5E)-1,2,6-triphenylhexa-1,3,5-triene (1) and of the ring opening of dimethyl 3,4-dimethyl-1,2-diphenylcyclobutene-cis-3,4-dicarboxylate (3) were determined in 15 and 16 solvents, respectively. The ring closure of 1 shows, in spite of theoretical predictions, neither solvent nor salt effects. For the ring opening of 3, small solvent and salt effects were found, suggesting the possibility of observing small acceleration due to specific solute-solvent or salt interactions.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavior of three-way catalyst in a hybrid drive system (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemical Engineering & Technology - CET 19 (1996), S. 89-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0930-7516
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The dynamic behavior of a Pt-Rh/CeO2-Al2O3 three-way catalyst (TWC) under pulsed flow operation conditions (intermittent mode), such as occur in a newly developed hybrid drive system, has been studied experimentally in a laboratory apparatus with simulated exhaust gas. The parallel hybrid system is based on the combination of an Otto-cycle engine with an electric motor and a flywheel providing a short-term energy storage. This configuration permits intermittent charging of the flywheel by the combustion engine which runs only during about 10% of the driving time. Each exhaust gas pulse (duration typically ca. 3 s) is proceeded by an air pulse, which results from the filling of the engine cylinders with air at start up and shut off. Experimental studies indicated that the air pulses have a negative impact on the performance of the catalytic converter, reducing the inherent benefits resulting from the intermittent operation mode of the combustion engine.Forced asymmetric λ-cycling during exhaust pulse was found to be most beneficial for improving catalyst performance. A simple reduced kinetic model derived from a Langmuir-Hinshelwood model for CO oxidation, which was extended by introducing CO and O2 equivalents to mimic the complex exhaust gas, was used to describe the dynamic behavior of the TWC. The model proved to be useful for finding the optimal λ-cycling conditions. Experiments with the real Otto-cycle engine exhaust proved that the reduced kinetic model is suitable for use in a closed loop λ-control.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.270190114
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Programmable Temperature Vaporizer (PTV) Applied to the Triglyceride Analysis of Milk Fat (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 22 (1999), S. 93-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary GC ; PTV and on-column injectors ; milk fat triglycerides ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The PTV (Programmable Temperature Vaporizer) is a split/splitless injector which allows the sample to be introduced at a relatively low temperature, thus affording accurate and reproducible sampling. After injection the PTV is rapidly heated to transfer the vaporized components into the capillary column. This type of injector has proved to be an efficient tool for the evaluation of fatty acids, essential oils, and pesticides in food analysis. In this work the suitability of PTV for the analysis of milk fat purity by the Official EU method was evaluated. This method is based on the gas chromatographic determination of triglycerides only according to their total number of carbon atoms followed by the application of formulae deriving from multiple linear regressions. The analysis is currently carried out with a packed column or a short capillary column and an on-column injection system. Several samples of pure milk fat and mixtures of milk fat with foreign fat were analyzed with the same capillary column and by using both PTV and on-column injection systems. The results show that the gas chromatographic profile obtained by PTV is comparable with that obtained by the on-column injector, while repeatability and reproducibility data meet the requirements indicated in the Official Method. Therefore, this study demonstrates that it is possible to use the PTV instead of the on-column injector to determine the purity of milk fat with this method.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soluble organosilicon micronetworks with spatially confined reaction sitesFinancial support by Wacker-Chemie GmbH, the Bayerischer Forschungsverbund Katalyse, the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, and the Center of Materials Science at the University of Mainz is gratefully acknowledged. (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 9 (1997), S. 955-958 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19970091204
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