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  • Springer  (9)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (3)
  • EMBO Press  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (10)
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of local ambient atmosphere on the stability of electroluminescent porous silicon diodes (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 5936-5941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In this work, the influence of surrounding ambient atmosphere on the stability of electroluminescent (EL) porous Si (PS) diodes is examined. We have fabricated electroluminescent porous Si layers from anodic oxidation of (1) epitaxially grown p-type layers on n-type Si substrates; (2) n-type substrates with Au/Pd contacts; (3) p-type substrates with Au/Pd contacts. These structures are characterized using photoluminescence (PL), EL, and infrared (IR) spectroscopies, as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the case of the porous Si structures fabricated from p-n junctions, such structures yield orange emission with maxima near 620 nm upon the application of moderate applied voltages (3–7 V). For each type of diode, it is found that in strong oxidizing environments, EL intensity degrades completely within 30 min; in contrast, the integrated intensity remains essentially unchanged in the same time frame in the presence of a vigorous flow of inert gases such as nitrogen and argon. Infrared spectroscopic studies strongly suggest that electroluminescence degradation is related to porous silicon surface oxidation. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359550
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Formation of rare-earth oxide doped silicon by spark processing (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 3416-3418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In this work, we report a method for the incorporation of rare-earth oxides onto silicon surfaces. This process uses a high-energy dc spark to convert salts of rare-earth ions such as europium and erbium to the corresponding oxide phase(s) with concomitant formation of a porous layer. Scanning electron micrographs of the silicon substrate show an irregular, pitted surface morphology for those areas exposed to spark processing. Photoluminescence, infrared spectroscopy, and electron microscopy of the spark-processed regions of the Si substrate are clearly consistent with the formation of the desired luminescent oxide phase. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115778
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low field magnetic resonance images of polarized noble gases obtained with a dc superconducting quantum interference device (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1908-1910 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Using a low transition temperature superconducting quantum interference device as a detector, we have obtained magnetic resonance images of laser-polarized 3He gas and solid 129Xe at 4.2 K in magnetic fields as low as 0.54 mT (3He) and 1 mT (129Xe), corresponding to Larmor frequencies of 17.6 and 11.8 kHz, respectively. The experimental resolution of the images is ∼500 μm for 3He in the gas phase and ∼950 μm for 129Xe in the solid state. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121223
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Foreword (1989)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 20 (1989), S. XIII 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02216921
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Approaches for Generating Mesoscale Patterns of Semiconductor Nanoclusters (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of cluster science 8 (1997), S. 159-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8862
    Schlagwort(e): Mesoscale patterns ; cadmium selenide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract In this review, existing approaches for the manipulation and/or construction of isolated semiconductor nanoclusters into deliberate, patterned arrays are described. Diverse examples of different strategies from solid state, solution, and hybrid combinations are described as well as successes achieved to date. The approaches to be discussed include conventional solid state lithography, volumetric constriction of monodisperse nanoclusters deposited from solution, and the use of anchored macromolecular templates to direct semiconductor nanocluster assembly.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022679923799
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Properties of Luminescent Si Nanoparticles in Sol-Gel Matrices (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 11 (1998), S. 267-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Schlagwort(e): silicon nanoparticles ; photoluminescence ; fatty acids
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract In this wor e preparation and properties of silica sol-gels incorporating luminescent Si nanocrystallites extracted from porous Si are described for the first time. These sol-gel/Si nanocrystallite composite materials are characterized by BET isotherm measurements, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. To stabilize the photoluminescence (PL) of Si crystallites within the silica matrix, a fatty acid (capric (C10), myristic (C14) or arachidic acid (C20)) is added as a passivation agent during the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane. The presence of the fatty acid is crucial to the long-term stability of the Si nanocrystallite luminescence, as the Si visible light emission remains essentially unchanged for more than a month when the fatty acid is present in the mixture but degrades quickly (within days) when absent. The thermal stability of the Si luminescence within the sol-gel is also reported. Fluorescence microscopy reveals that the light-emitting Si crystallites aggregate into micron-sized domains somewhat unevenly throughout the silica matrix. This distribution of Si crystallites can be improved by employing a surfactant, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008606312748
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The singly constrained assignment problem: An AP basis algorithm (1995)
    Springer
    Computational optimization and applications 4 (1995), S. 347-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2894
    Schlagwort(e): mathematical programming ; assignment ; networks
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract This manuscript presents a specialized primal simplex algorithm to obtain near optimal integer solutions for the singly constrained assignment problem. An optimal solution for the continuous relaxation of the problem is obtained by generalizing the alternating basis algorithm of Barr, Glover, and Klingman for the pure assignment problem. Near optimal integer solutions are obtained by pivoting into the optimal basis the slack variable associated with the side constraint. Our empirical analysis indicated that for our test problems the soft-ware implementation of this algorithm was six times faster than CPLEX and four times faster than NETSIDE (a specialized code for network problems with side constraints). The integer solutions obtained in our tests were typically within 2% of the optimum of the continuous relaxation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01300862
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Serotyping and Enzyme Characterization of Pasteurella haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida Isolates Recovered from Pneumonic Lungs of Stressed Feeder Calves (1997)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 34 (1997), S. 244 -249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Ninety-one isolates of Pasteurella multocida (Pm) and 124 of Pasteurella haemolytica (Ph) were recovered from the lungs of calves that died of bovine respiratory tract disease (BRTD). Nine Pm enzyme profiles (A through I) and 9 Ph enzyme profiles (J through R) were determined for the Pasteurella isolates. The Pm isolates were relatively evenly divided among the enzyme profiles, with one exception, profile I. The Ph isolates were not evenly distributed among the profiles. Fifty of the 91 Pm isolates were serotyped. Forty-two Pm isolates were positive for capsule type A, and 8 were untypable. Five somatic type antigen profiles (3; 3,4; 3,7; 3,4,7; and 4) were identified among the 50 serotyped Pm isolates; one isolate was untypable. The Ph isolates were further divided through serotyping and grouped as follows: 74 (60%) Pasteurella haemolytica A1 (PhA1), 12 (10%) PhA2, 4 (3%) PhA5, and 34 (27%) PhA6. Eighty-one percent of the Ph serotypes were clustered in the M and N enzyme profile. The P enzyme profile was almost unique to PhA2 (8 of 12, 67% of PhA2 isolates). Results of this study indicate a need to collect more data on Ph serotypes at the state veterinary diagnostic laboratories.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002849900177
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Truncated Exponential Algorithm for the Lightly Constrained Assignment Problem (1997)
    Springer
    Computational optimization and applications 8 (1997), S. 287-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2894
    Schlagwort(e): assignment problem ; integer programming ; Lagrangean relaxation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract This manuscript presents a truncated branch-and-bound algorithm toobtain a near optimal solution for the constrained assignment problemin which there are only a few side constraints. At each node of thebranch-and-bound tree a lower bound is obtained by solving a singlyconstrained assignment problem. If needed, Lagrangean relaxationtheory is applied in an attempt to improve this lower bound. Aspecialized branching rule is developed which exploits therequirement that every man be assigned to some job. A softwareimplementation of the algorithm has been tested on problems with fiveside constraints and up to 75,000 binary variables. Solutionsguaranteed to be within 10% of an optimum were obtained for these75,000 variable problems in from two to twenty minutes of CPU time ona Dec Alpha workstation. The behavior of the algorithm for variousproblem characteristics is also studied. This includes the tightnessof the side constraints, the stopping criteria, and the effect whenthe problems are unbalanced having more jobs than men.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008679623419
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Recovery from Numerical Instability during Basis Reinversion (1997)
    Springer
    Computational optimization and applications 8 (1997), S. 57-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2894
    Schlagwort(e): linear programming ; reinversion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract Most of the preassigned pivot agenda algorithms that extend the Hellerman-Rarick P3 algorithm assume that the input matrix is nonsingular. Due to numerical instability, this assumption may be violated and these algorithms fail. We present a modification of theP3 algorithm which includes a procedure to recover from this type of numerical instability.The recovery procedure is integrated into P3 in such a way that all previous work can be maintained and it reduces the likelihoodthat additional recovery will be required.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008658514906
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