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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (136)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (136)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 1995-1999  (56)
  • 1985-1989  (80)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrofusion for the pronuclear transplantation of mouse eggs (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 17 (1987), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: nuclear transplantation ; electrofusion ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The present study was undertaken to determine the efficiency of HVJ treatment and electrofusion for pronuclear transplantation in the mouse. The output voltage and duration of the pulses were fixed to 200 μsec at 10 V or to 150 μsec at 15 V for electrofusion, because the maximum rates of blastomere fusion of 2-cell embryos and development of fused embryos in vitro were obtained under these conditions. Although the proportion of eggs with fused karyoplast (78%) and the fused eggs developed to morulae or blastocysts (67%) was significantly lower than those obtained after HVJ treatment (94% and 94%), the proportion of pregnant recipients and young obtained after treatment of fused eggs was not significantly different between these two procedures.It is advised that electrofusion can be used as a fusogenic procedure for pronuclear transplantation in the mouse in some cases where HVJ cannot be applied.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120170103
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission EELS of oxide superconductors with a cold field emission TEM (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 30 (1995), S. 208-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Superconductors ; Electron energy loss spectrometry ; Transmission electron microscope ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Electron energy loss spectrometry (EELS) with a cold field emission gun (cFEG) transmission electron microscope (TEM) is implemented to analyze the evolution of the electronic structure and dielectric function of oxide superconductors. The O-K core loss spectra of p-type doped oxide superconductors are analyzed in terms of holes formation on oxygen sites, while low loss spectra are analyzed for free carrier plasmas, other spectral excitations, and their crystallographic confinement.It is illustrated that the transmission EELS with a cFEG TEM very much complement soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and optical spectroscopy, with the added advantages of high spatial resolution (∼1-100 nm), and is compatible with other analytical, diffraction, and imaging techniques, which are readily available in a cFEG TEM. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070300303
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of rabbit sperm acrosomal enzymes by gossypol (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 40 (1995), S. 228-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Gossypol ; Sperm ; Acrosomal enzymes ; Rabbit ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effect of gossypol on the activities of 10 acrosomal enzymes of the rabbit sperm was evaluated. Acrosin, Azocoll proteinase, neuraminidase, and arylsulfatase were significantly inhibited or completely inactivated by 12-76 μM gossypol. Hyaluronidase, β-glucuronidase, and acid phosphatase were inhibited only at a higher concentration of gossypol (380 μM). Phospholipase C, alkaline phosphatase, and β-N-Acetyl glucosaminidase were not inhibited even at 380 μM gossypol. Gossypol was found to be a noncompetitive inhibitor of arylsulfatase with a Ki of 120 μM. The inhibition was reversible and dose-dependent. As the acrosomal enzymes were more sensitive to the inhibition by gossypol compared to sperm enzymes involved in glycolysis or energy production, these assays may serve as a more reliable indicator for monitoring the occurence of gossypol-induced sterility. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080400212
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthetic pentapeptide from the B1 chain of laminin promotes B16F10 melanoma cell migration (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 134 (1988), S. 287-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Laminin is a basement membrane-specific glycoprotein that promotes cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and tumor cell migration. Synthetic peptides from the amino acid sequence deduced from a cDNA clone of the B1 chain of laminin were tested for their ability to promote the migration of B16F10 melanoma cells. A peptide, CDPGYIGSR, that is able to mediate epithelial cell attachment to laminin was found to promote migration, and the constituent pentapeptide YIGSR was also active but to a lesser degree. This nine-amino acid peptide blocked migration of melanoma cells to laminin but had no effect on migration to fibronectin. These data suggest that the cell-binding site and migration site on laminin share a common sequence that is unique to laminin.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041340216
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of enucleated parthenogenones that received pronuclei or nuclei from fertilized mouse eggs (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 21 (1988), S. 151-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: nuclear transfer ; genome activation ; two-cell embryo ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This study compares the developmental potential of enucleated mouse parthenogenones that received pronuclei from fertilized eggs with those that received nuclei from late two-cell embryos. The proportion of reconstituted parthenogenones, which received pronuclei at the one-cell stage, that developed to blastocysts in vitro and to live fetuses after transfer to recipients was significantly lower than that of reconstituted control eggs. However, the in vitro and in vivo developmental potential of reconstituted parthenogenones that received nuclei at the two-cell stage from fertilized late two-cell embryos was not different from that of reconstituted control eggs.These results were contrary to those reported previously by Mann and Lovell-Badge (1984), who showed that parthenogenetic eggs receiving pronuclei from fertilized eggs developed well both in vitro and in vivo.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120210205
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro capacitation of boar ejaculated spermatozoa: Effect of conditioned media prepared from preincubated sperm suspension (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 24 (1989), S. 483-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: in vitro fertilization ; porcine oocyte ; taurine ; hypotaurine ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The fertilizing ability of boar ejaculated spermatozoa was examined in vitro after prcincubation at a concentration of 2.5 × 108/ml for 4 hr in several conditioned media (CM). For preparation of CM, boar spermatozoa were incubated in a modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution (TYH) at concentrations of 20 to 40 × 108/ml for several hours up to 4 hr; then their supernatant fluids were collected by centrifugation. When boar ejaculated spermatozoa were preincubated in TYH alone, 14.1% of oocytes were penetrated by them as we reported previously. On the other hand, preincubating them with CM, their fertilizing ability was elevated according as the incubation time of CM preparation was lengthened. The fertilization rate reached 75.0%, using 4 hr-incubated CM for the preincubation medium. The effect of CM was not deteriorated by heat treatments (56°C, 30 min, or 100°C, 5 min). The components of CM were separated at a molecular weight of 25,000 by ultrafiltration, and high fertilization rate (69.8%) was obtained when low molecular weight fraction was used for the preincubation medium. Sperm extracts prepared from directly frozen-thawed sperm suspension and 0.1-10 mM of taurine or hypotaurine had no effect on the fertilizing ability of boar spermatozoa. These results suggest that substances stimulating boar sperm capacitation were accumulated from viable spermatozoa into the medium during incubation and that the effective substances were heat-stable and of low molecular weight and were not taurine and hypotaurine.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120240414
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of porcine follicular fluid on male pronucleus formation in porcine oocytes matured in vitro (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 21 (1988), S. 289-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: male pronucleus ; porcine oocyte ; in vitro maturation ; follicular fluid ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Porcine follicular oocytes, collected from antral follicles (2-5 mm in diameter) of gilt ovaries, were matured in vitro with or without porcine follicular fluid (pFF), gonadotrophins (GTH) or fetal calf serum (FCS) for 48 hours at 37°C under 5% CO2 in air, and their ability of male pronucleus (mPN) formation was examined after in vitro fertilization. Formation of mPN was observed in 38.6% of penetrated oocytes matured in modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution (TYH) 18 hours after insemination. The addition of GTH into the maturation medium did not improve the proportion of mPN-formed oocytes (20-30%). In contrast, the mPN formation rate elevated significantly (59.5%) when the oocytes were cultured with pFF, and the addition of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) enhanced this pFF action (the rate became 81.0%). In the presence of FSH, significant pFF effect was observable at the concentration of 5%, and its efficiency was elevated with the increase of pFF concentration. When the oocytes were matured with FCS, the mPN formation rate was unchanged or decreased rather than improved (0-25%). These results suggest that pFF, but not FCS, have substance(s) stimulating the ability of mPN formation in porcine oocytes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120210310
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulsed magnetic field from video display terminals enhances teratogenic effects of cytosine arabinoside in mice (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 16 (1995), S. 70-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: video display terminals ; embryogenesis ; teratology ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Eighty-nine Swiss Webster mice were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a pulsed magnetic field (PMF) group, a cytosine arabinoside (ara-C, a teratogen) group, and, a combined PMF + ara-C group. Mice in the PMF and PMF + ara-C groups were irradiated with a PMF (a sawtooth waveform with 52 μs rise time, 12 μs decay time, and 15.6 kHz frequency) at a peak magnetic flux density of 40 μT for 4 hours daily on days 6-17 of gestation. The mice in the ara-C and the PMF + ara-C groups were injected intraperitoneally on day 9 of gestation with 10 mg/kg of ara-C. The incidence of resorption and dead fetuses was not affected by PMF but was increased by ara-C injection. The malformation incidence of cleft palate (CP) and/or cleft lip (CL) was significantly higher in all three of the treated groups than in the control group (P 〈 0.05). If, however, statistical analyses had been done on litters rather than on individual fetuses, they would show that the incidence of CP and/or CL in the PMF group is not significantly greater than that in the control group. A significantly higher incidence of CP and/or CL was found in the PMF + ara-C group (49%) than the ara-C alone group (26.1%). These data suggest that PMF might enhance the development of ara-C-induced CP and/or CL. The incidence of minor variations in skeletal development, including reduction of skeletal calcification and loss of skeleton, was not statistically significant in the PMF group. However, it was higher in the two ara-C-treated groups, and there was no significant difference between the ara-C alone group and the ara-C + PMF group. From these results it is concluded that the very weak embryotoxic effects of PMF exposure may be revealed and enhanced in combination with a teratogenic agent. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250160113
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy of silicon LSI circuits and josephson junction devices (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 7 (1987), S. 319-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) ; LSI circuit ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) has been used to diagnose silicon LSI circuits and Josephson junction devices. For LSI circuits, some typical failure problems have been presented. For Nb-Si-Nb Josephson junction, microholes in the thin silicon layer have observed, and they are responsible for the short circuiting of these devices.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060070411
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of convergent beam electron diffraction in the structural study of high-temperature superconducting oxides (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 7 (1987), S. 269-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Crystal structure ; Superconducting oxides ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) is a powerful technique for symmetry study of crystal. It has widespread application in physics and material sciences, as demonstrated in a recent superconducting oxide study. Using this technique, we have studied Ba-La-Cu-O superconductors with a transition temperature of about 40°K and Ba-Y-Cu-O superconductors with a critical temperature (Tc) of about 90°K. We have found that in Ba-La-Cu-O superconductors the superconducting phase La2-xBaxCuO4-y has a distorted K2NiF4-type structure and the space group Fmmm. The two other phases in Ba-La-Cu-O superconductors have also been studied. In our Ba-Y-Cu-O superconductors, the Ba2YCu3O7-x compound, which is responsible for 90°K superconductivity, has two different space groups: An orthorhombic space group Pmmm and a tetragonal space group P4mm or P4/mmm.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060070405
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