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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nitrogen balance of Raphanus sativus X raphanistrum plants. I. Daily nitrogen use under high nitrate supply (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth-chamber cultivated Raphanus plants accumulate nitrate during their vegetative growth. After 25 days of growth at a constant supply to the roots of 1 mol m−3 (NO−3) in a balanced nutrient solution, the oldest leaves (eight-leaf stage) accumulated 2.5% NO−3-nitrogen (NO3-N) in their lamina, and almost 5% NO3-N in their petioles on a dry weight basis. This is equivalent to approximately 190 and 400 mol−3 m−3 concentration of NO−3 in the lamina and the petiole, respectively, as calculated on a total tissue water content basis. Measurements were made of root NO−3 uptake, NO−3 fluxes in the xylem, nitrate uptake by the mesophyll cells, and nitrate reduction as measured by an in vivo test. NO−3 uptake by roots and mesophyll cells was greater in the light than in the dark. The NO−3 concentration in the xylem fluid was constant with leaf age, but showed a distinct daily variation as a result of the independent fluxes of root uptake, transpiration and mesophyll uptake. NO−3 was reduced in the leaf at a higher rate in the light than in the dark. The reduction was inhibited at the high concentrations calculated to exist in the mesophyll vacuoles, but reduction continued at a low rate, even when there was no supply from the incubation medium. Sixty-four per cent of the NO−3 influx was turned into organic nitrogen, with the remaining NO−3 accumulating in both the light and the dark.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11611835
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration inhibit mitochondrial respiration in green plants? (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 
ATP, adenosine triphosphate
Km, Michaelis-Menton coefficient
Ca, concentration of CO2 in the air (μmol mol–1)
NAD, oxidized nicotin adenine dinucleotide
NADH, reduced nicotin adenine dinucleotide
NADP, oxidized nicotin adenine phosphate dinucleotide
NADPH, reduced nicotine adenine phosphate dinucleotide
R, rate of respiration per unit DW [μmol g 
DW–1], Rubisco, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
Vc,max, maximum in vivo rate of carboxylation at Rubisco (μmol m–2 s–1)

There is abundant evidence that a reduction in mitochondrial respiration of plants occurs when atmospheric CO2 (Ca) is increased. Recent reviews suggest that doubling the present Ca will reduce the respiration rate [per unit dry weight (DW)] by 15 to 18%. The effect has two components: an immediate, reversible effect observed in leaves, stems, and roots of plants as well as soil microbes, and an irreversible effect which occurs as a consequence of growth in elevated Ca and appears to be specific to C3 species. The direct effect has been correlated with inhibition of certain respiratory enzymes, namely cytochrome-c-oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase, and the indirect or acclimation effect may be related to changes in tissue composition. Although no satisfactory mechanisms to explain these effects have been demonstrated, plausible mechanisms have been proposed and await experimental testing. These are carbamylation of proteins and direct inhibition of enzymes of respiration. A reduction of foliar respiration of 15% by doubling present ambient Ca would represent 3 Gt of carbon per annum in the global carbon budget.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00438.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The nitrogen balance of Raphanus sativus x raphanistrum plants. II. Growth, nitrogen redistribution and photosynthesis under NO3− deprivation (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Wild radish plants deprived of, and continuously supplied with solution NO−3 for 7 d following 3 weeks growth at high NO−3 supply were compared in terms of changes in dry weight, leaf area, photosynthesis and the partitioning of carbon and nitrogen (NH2-N and NO−3-N) among individual organs. Initial levels of NO−3-N accounted for 25% of total plant N. Following termination of NO−3 supply, whole plant dry weight growth was not significantly reduced for 3 d, during which time plant NH2-N concentration declined by about 25% relative to NO−3-supplied plants, and endogenous NO−3-N content was reduced to nearly zero. Older leaves lost NO−3 and NH2-N, and roots and young leaves gained NH2-N in response to N stress. Relative growth rate declined due both to decreased net assimilation rate and a decrease in leaf area ratio. A rapid increase in specific leaf weight was indicative of a greater sensitivity to N stress of leaf expansion compared to carbon gain. In response to N stress, photosynthesis per unit leaf area was more severely inhibited in older leaves, whereas weight-based rates were equally inhibited among all leaf ages. Net photosynthesis was strongly correlated with leaf NH2-N concentration, and the relationship was not significantly different for leaves of NO3−-supplied compared to NO−3-deprived plants. Simulations of the time course of NO−3 depletion for plants of various NH2-N and NO−3 compositions and relative growth rates indicated that environmental conditions may influence the importance of NO−3 accumulation as a buffer against fluctuations in the N supply to demand ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1988.tb01160.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined linkage maps and QTLs in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) from different populations (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 118 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The construction of genetic maps is an expensive and time-consuming process. The breeder is therefore interested in using maps developed from other mapping populations but this is only possible if the genetic structure is similar for the chromosomal regions of interest. In this paper, maps of three populations of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) with common polymorphic marker loci are compared. Maps were constructed with MAPMAKER 3.0 and JOINMAP 2.0. Both mapping programs gave, in general, the same order for common markers. However, the number of common markers was too low to construct a combined map for all chromosomes. For one population, in contrast to the other two, the map constructed with MAPMAKER 3.0 was much longer than that constructed with JOINMAP 2.0.For two of these populations yield traits were also available from different environments. For quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of the yield data, the packages MAPMAKER/QTL 1.1 and PLABQTL were used. No QTL common for the two populations could be detected. The program and the version used strongly influenced the estimated positions of QTLs. There was also a strong interaction with environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1999.tb01513.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PREFERENTIAL RESISTANCE OF FIBRINOGEN SYNTHESIS TO INHIBITION OF POLYPEPTIDE INITIATION (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 408 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb23292.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AMPLIFICATION OF TRANSLATIONAL CONTROL BY MEMBRANE-MEDIATED EVENTS: A PLEIOTROPIC EFFECT ON CELLULAR AND VIRAL GENE EXPRESSION (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 339 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: This review deals with the events which are triggered in tissue culture cells upon exposure to medium hyperosmolarity, to virus infection and to inducers of terminal differentiation. Increased medium osmolarity mimics, in several ways, events which follow infection of cells by cytopathogenic viruses. These are: inhibition of uptake of amino acids, glucose and uridine, the release or activation of a low molecular weight substance which mediates an immediate and specific inhibition of polypeptide chain initiation, and alteration in the phosphorylation state of ribosomal proteins. All these effects appear to be related to or be a consequence of membrane alterations. Similar alterations in transport and protein synthesis are initiated in Friend erythroleukemic cells upon induction of terminal differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb15984.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identifiability of a stochastic model for cell debris in flow cytometry (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 37 (1998), S. 329-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Key words: Identifiability ; Stochastic model ; Flow cytometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract.  One of the most important problems in recovering DNA distribution from flow cytometric DNA measurements is the presence of background noise. In this paper, we analyse a probabilistic model recently proposed for background debris distribution and based on a specific probabilistic mechanism for the DNA fragmentation process of the cell nucleus. In particular, we carry out some sufficient conditions to uniquely identify the original DNA distribution from the flow cytometric data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002850050132
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compensating effects to growth of carbon partitioning changes in response to SO2-induced photosynthetic reduction in radish (1988)
    Springer
    Oecologia 75 (1988), S. 502-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Carbon allocation ; Photosynthetic performance ; SO2 inhibition ; Growth analysis ; Radish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Exposure of plants to SO2 reduced their photosynthetic performance due tio reductions in carboxylating capacity. Although the reduced carbon gain resulted in a lower growth rate of SO2-exposed plants over that of controls, their loss of potential growth was minimized because of proportional increases in allocation to new leaf material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00776411
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The carbon balance of flowers of Diplacus aurantiacus (Scrophulariaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Oecologia 66 (1985), S. 530-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Measurements and modeling of photosynthesis, respiration and growth in flowers of Diplacus aurantiacus, a semidrought-deciduous shrub, indicate that they can provide 18%–25% of their total carbon requirements through photosynthesis of flower parts. Daily photosynthetic carbon fixation exceeds daily respiratory CO2 loss during most non-fruiting stages of development. However, this carbon gain fails to meet the requirements for new biomass construction during bud growth and corolla expansion. During fruiting stages, insufficient carbon is fixed to fully supply either respiration or growth. The calyx performs most of the flower's photosynthesis throughout the life of the flower. However, during stages of fruit development, the contribution of the ovary to flower photosynthesis may equal that of the calyx.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379345
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of wild plants to nitrate availability (1989)
    Springer
    Oecologia 79 (1989), S. 542-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Bromus ; Relative growth rate ; Nitrate uptake ; Limiting external concentration ; Grasses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two annual species of Bromus, an invader (B. hordeaceus, ex B. mollis) and a non-invader (B. intermedius), were grown for 28 days in growth chambers, at 5 and 100 μM NO 3 - in flowing nutrient solution. No differences between the two species were observed at either NO 3 - level, in terms of relative growth rate (RGR) or its components, dry matter partitioning, specific NO 3 - absorption rate, nitrogen concentration, and other characteristics of NO 3 - uptake and photosynthesis. The effects of decreasing NO 3 - concentration in the solution were mainly to decrease the NO 3 - concentration in the plants through decreased absorption rate, and to decrease the leaf area ratio through increased specific leaf mass and decreased leaf mass ratio. Organic nitrogen concentration varied little between the two treatments, which may be the reason why photosynthetic rates were not altered. Consequently, RGR was only slightly decreased in the 5-μM treatment compared to the 100-μM treatment. This is in contrast with other species, where growth is reduced at much higher NO 3 - concentrations. These discrepancies may be related to differences in RGR, since a log-linear relationship was found between RGR and the NO 3 - concentration at which growth is first reduced. In addition, a strong linear relationship was found between the RGR of these species and their maximum absorption rate for nitrate, suggesting that the growth of species with low maximum RGR may be partly regulated by nutrient uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378673
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