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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have produced Cu80(Fe0.5Ni0.5)20 melt-spun granular ribbon samples whose magnetization is a superposition of superparamagnetic and hysteretical behavior at temperatures between 1.5 and 300 K. In contrast, its magneto-resistance (MR) data show hysteresis only at temperatures below 30 K. Above this temperature, a completely reversible behavior is observed. By considering the temperature dependence of the coercive field of nanoparticles, we determine the particles participating in MR to have a maximum magnetic moment of (approximate)27000 μB for the 500 °C annealed sample. This value is in agreement with the limits obtained by fitting the data of MR as proportional to the square of the magnetization, assuming a distribution density of magnetic moments proportional to the inverse of the square of the magnetic moment of each cluster. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The low temperature magnetic properties of the Li2CuO2 compound have been investigated by means of superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. We find in addition to an antiferromagnetic phase below 9.5 K a ferromagnetic-like steep rise of the magnetization around 2.8 K. The observed low temperature behavior is discussed by considering second and fourth order magnetocrystalline effective anisotropy coefficients, in addition to the exchange couplings reported in the literature. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 114 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: To analyse interactions in the Phytophthora capsici-pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) system, three pepper lines (‘Morrón IN1A 224’, ‘PI201232’ and ‘SCM 334’) with various degrees of resistance to P. capsici and three P. capsici isolates with increasing aggressiveness were used. Inoculations were made when plants had 4–6 leaves, either by irrigating the culture substrate with P. capsici zoospore suspensions at increasing concentrations of up to 3 × 105/ml, or by adding mycelial suspension. P. capsici isolate ‘Ca’ was the least aggressive, followd by ‘8303’ and ‘Bl’. The logistic function was appropriate to describing cumulative mortalities of pepper seedlings inoculated with different P. capsici zoo-spore concentrations. The inoculum concentration required for 50% mortality classified pepper lines as susceptible (‘Morrón INIA224’) and resistant (‘PI201232’ and ‘SCM334’), the former being less resistant than the latter. Isolates ‘Ca’ and ‘8303’ caused very different mortalities both with zoospore and mycelial inoculations, which allowed them to be classified as belonging to two different vertical pathotypes (PO and PI). Isolate ‘Bl’ acted similarly to isolate ‘8303’ when inoculated on ‘Morrón’ and ‘SCM334’, but its behaviour was dependent on zoospore concentration when inoculated on ‘PI201232’. It also proved to be similar to ‘Ca’ using mycelial inoculation. As the case of ‘Bl’ would not be an exception among P. capsici isolates, the two vertical pathotypes PI and PO would be the higher (isolate ‘8303’) and lower (isolate ‘Ca’) limits of a range of aggressiveness. Although there are cases of host-parasite interaction, absence of interaction seems to be the rule.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 107 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In order to establish a genetic model of the resistance to Phytophthora capsici in Capsicum annuum genotype ‘SCM-334’, two experiments were conducted which included ‘SCM-334’, as well as, the susceptible line ‘Morrón INIA 224’ and their Fl, F2, F3 and BC1 generations. We also tried to introgress a recessive gene, hypothetically responsible for resistance to P. capsici, from ‘SCM-334’ into ‘Morrón INIA 224’. Inoculations were made, when plants had 4—6 leaves, by irrigating the culture substrate with a zoospore suspension of P. capsici isolate ‘Bl’. The χ2 test was applied to segregating generations to determine how many genes were involved in resistance. The hypothesis which explained the obtained segregations best, although not completely, was one that assumes 3 genes in ‘SCM-334’;, with at least 3 alleles in the heterozygous condition or 4 at any position, present in any genotype in order to be resistant. The influence of the isolate's aggressiveness and the inoculation method on the results are discussed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 108 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: According to our previous investigations, resistance to Phytophthora capsid in Capsicum annuum genotypes, ‘Line 29’, ‘PI201232’, ‘PI201234’ and Serrano Criollo de Morelos 334 (‘SCM334’), seems to be controlled by three genes. In order to determine the genie relationships between these four sources of resistance, three experiments were conducted which included the four genotypes, their F1s, F2s, F3s and BC1 generations together with the susceptible pepper genotype ‘Morron INI A 224’. Inoculations were made, when plants had 4—6 leaves, by irrigating the culture substrate with a zoospore suspension of P. capsici isolate ‘Bl’. Though the four genotypes showed percentages of resistance close to a 100%, none of them actually reached this level in the three experiments. ‘SCM334’ was the most resistant genotype, transmitting a high level of resistance to its F1, F2 and BQ generations. ‘Line 29’ was more resistant than ‘PI201232’ and ‘PI201234’. However, the F1 F2 and BQ generations of these three lines showed similar degrees of resistance. The four genotypes seem to have one of the three genes postulated for their resistance in common. All genes displayed a similar level of resistance, except the specific genes of ‘SCM334’, the effect of which was slightly higher. Several working procedures are suggested for breeding programmes.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of dynamics and differential equations 6 (1994), S. 631-637 
    ISSN: 1572-9222
    Keywords: stability ; fixed point index ; periodic solutions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we prove that a stable isolated fixed point of an orientation preserving local homeomorphism onR 2 has fixed point index 1. We also give a number of applications to differential equations. In particular, we deduce that a number of existence methods for producing periodic solutions of differential equations in the plane always produce unstable solutions.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 157-162 (May 1994), p. 71-96 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Dietary habits ; young university students ; concerns about nutrition ; Ernährungs ; gewohnheit ; Universitätsstudenten ; Ernährungsbesorgnis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Absicht dieser Studie war es, den Zusammenhang zwischen der Besorgtheit über Ernährung und den Lebensmittelkonsum bei 533 Universitätsstudenten (112 Männer und 421 Frauen), Durchschnittsalter 21.7±2.1 Jahre, zu untersuchen. Fisch, Milchprodukte und Obst wurden in ausreichendem Maße, Getreide und Gemüse hingegen wurden in kleineren Mengen als empfohlen, gegessen. Die Männer verzehrten mehr Milch, Fleisch, Brot und alkoholische Getränke, während die Frauen mehr Obst und Gemüse als die Männer aßen. 35,4 % der Studenten äußerten Besorgnis besonders über die Aufnahme von Fett und Cholesterin, 24,5 % waren speziell an der Gewichtskontrolle interessiert und 18,2 % sagten, ihre Hauptsorge gelte der korrekten Einnahme von Vitaminen und Mineralstoffen. 21,6 % der Teilnehmer hatten keine besondere Sorge bezüglich der Ernährung. Multiple Regressionsanalysen zeigten keinen Unterschied zwischen Männern und Frauen oder dem Body Mass Index (BMI) auf, was die Besorgtheit über die Ernährung betrifft. Aber man stellte einen altersbedingten Unterschied fest. Mit zunehmendem Alter zeigten die Studenten mehr Interesse zum Thema „Ernährung“, vor allem im Zusammenhang mit Vitaminen und Mineralstoffen. Die Besorgnis über die Gewichtskontrolle stieg mit steigendem BMI. Von denen, die ihr Gewicht reduzieren wollten, hatten allerdings 42,2 % der Frauen gegenüber 7,4 % der Männer einen BMI von 〈20 kg/m2. Da diese Studenten bereits sehr schlank waren (unter den empfohlenen Werten), aber trotzdem noch Gewicht verlieren wollten, könnte dies zu Mangelerscheinungen führen. Zusammenhänge zwischen der Besorgtheit und der Ernährungsweise waren kaum zu beobachten. Obwohl die Einnahme von Fett und Cholesterin als solche Anlass zur Besorgnis war, wurden zum Beispiel relativ viel Fleisch und Eier verzehrt. Es wurde eine Beziehung gefunden zwischen der Sorge um den Vitamin- und Mineralstoffgehalt der Nahrung und der Einnahme von Nahrungsergänzungsmittel sowie zwischen der Sorge um das Körpergewicht und der Einnahme von Produkten zur Gewichtsreduktion. Für die Lehrer der Ernährungswissenschaft kann diese Information behilflich sein, um ihre Kurse und Programme zu gestalten.
    Notes: Summary The aim of this investigation was to study the relationship between concern about nutrition and food consumption in 533 university students (112 men and 421 women), aged 21.7±2.1 years old. Fish, dairy products and fruit were consumed in quite satisfactory quantities though cereals and vegetables were consumed less frequently than recommended. Men were found to consume greater quantities of milk, meat, bread and alcoholic drinks, while women ate more fruit and vegetables than men. 35.4 % of subjects said they were especially concerned about the intake of fat and cholesterol, 24.5 % expressed special interest in weight control and 18.2 % recorded worries about the intake of vitamins and minerals. 21.6 % of subjects expressed no worries at all. Multiple regression analysis showed no differences in concern about nutrition with respect to the sex or body mass index (BMI) of subjects. However, as age increased, the number of subjects expressing no concern fell whilst worries over the quantity of vitamins and minerals in the diet increased. Worries about bodyweight were found to rise with BMI. However, amongst those who wanted to lose weight, 42.2 % of women and 7.4 % of men had a BMI 〈20 kg/m2. These persons, already very slim (below recommended values), still wished to lose weight and could become susceptible to nutritional imbalances. Relationships between concerns and food habits were scarce. Although fat and cholesterol were a concern in theory, the consumption of foodstuffs such as meat and eggs was quite high. However, relationships were found between concern over the vitamin and mineral content of the diet and the intake of supplements, and concern over bodyweight and intake of products that aid slimming. Nutrition educators may find this information useful in the design of their messages and educational programs.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Piquerol ; Piqueria trinervia ; modes of action ; allelopathy ; allelochemicals ; microsomes ; Ipomoea purpurea ; plasmalemma ; tonoplast ; germination ; H+-ATPase ; proton pumps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of an allelopathic compound, diacetyl-piquerol on the H+ -ATPase activity of the microsomal fraction from the radicles of a common weedIpomoea purpurea was studied. The diacetyl-piquerol inhibited the germination and radicle growth fromI. purpurea; the radicle growth was increasingly inhibited (10% to 100%) as piquerol concentrations were raised (10 μM to 1000 μM). The H+-ATPase activity was inhibited (48%) by 500 μM diacetyl-piquerol, and this inhibition was higher in plasma membrane ATPase (67.2%) than in tonoplast membrane ATPase (31.4%). Additional studies of the precise physiological mechanisms of interference caused by allelopathic compounds are needed.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L. ; isozymes ; genetic markers ; tuber skin color ; tuber flesh color
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The Andean farmer conserves and maintains the existing genetic diversity of potato cultivars by means of clonal propagation of tubers. However, surveys of traditional farms showed that botanical seed propagation was used for disease elimination, stock rejuvenation and the creation of new cultivars. Electrophoretic surveys based on 542 tubers collected from 18 markets sampled in the Cusco area disclosed a total of 229 different cultivars from diploid, triploid and tetraploid forms of Solanum tuberosum L. These could be classified by isozyme cluster analysis into four major groups and six minor groups. However, they did not agree with groups based on flesh or skin color. It is therefore concluded that all genotypes belong to a single, large gene pool with considerable gene flow between cultivars of different groups. When the samples were grouped by the three most common tuber skin colors, namely red/pink (‘Q'ompis type’), purple (‘Yana Imilla’ type), and yellowish/brown (‘Yuraq Kusi’ type), similar allozymes were observed in all three classes. The structure of the isozymic phenotypes within each group indicate that they may have been derived as segregants after outcrossing of diverse parental types. In order to provide further evidence for the origin of new types by hybridization, two segregating diploid progenies were generated by crossing purple by yellow skin types. In the resulting F1, most of the tuber phenotypes observed in the Andean varieties were reproduced in these crosses. It can be concluded that the Andean potatoes form a large and plastic gene pool amplified and renovated by outcrossing followed in some cases by human selection of desirable phenotypes.
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