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  • 1995-1999  (121)
  • 1990-1994  (85)
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  • 1
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    p53-independent expression of p21Cip1 in muscle and other terminally differentiating cells (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-02-17
    Description: Terminal differentiation is coupled to withdrawal from the cell cycle. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) p21Cip1 is transcriptionally regulated by p53 and can induce growth arrest. CKIs are therefore potential mediators of developmental control of cell proliferation. The expression pattern of mouse p21 correlated with terminal differentiation of multiple cell lineages including skeletal muscle, cartilage, skin, and nasal epithelium in a p53-independent manner. Although the muscle-specific transcription factor MyoD is sufficient to activate p21 expression in 10T1/2 cells, p21 was expressed in myogenic cells of mice lacking the genes encoding MyoD and myogenin, demonstrating that p21 expression does not require these transcription factors. The p21 protein may function during development as an inducible growth inhibitor that contributes to cell cycle exit and differentiation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parker, S B -- Eichele, G -- Zhang, P -- Rawls, A -- Sands, A T -- Bradley, A -- Olson, E N -- Harper, J W -- Elledge, S J -- AG-11085/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AR39849/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- AR40339/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Feb 17;267(5200):1024-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7863329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle ; *Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; Cyclins/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; In Situ Hybridization ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Muscle, Skeletal/*cytology/metabolism ; MyoD Protein/genetics/physiology ; Myogenin/genetics/physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Impaired energy homeostasis in C/EBP alpha knockout mice (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-08-25
    Description: Mice homozygous for the targeted deletion of the c/ebp alpha gene, which expresses the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha), did not store hepatic glycogen and died from hypoglycemia within 8 hours after birth. In these mutant mice, the amounts of glycogen synthase messenger RNA were 50 to 70 percent of normal and the transcriptional induction of the genes for two gluconeogenic enzymes, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase, was delayed. The hepatocytes and adipocytes of the mutant mice failed to accumulate lipid and the expression of the gene for uncoupling protein, the defining marker of brown adipose tissue, was reduced. This study demonstrates that C/EBP alpha is critical for the establishment and maintenance of energy homeostasis in neonates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, N D -- Finegold, M J -- Bradley, A -- Ou, C N -- Abdelsayed, S V -- Wilde, M D -- Taylor, L R -- Wilson, D R -- Darlington, G J -- DK 45285/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Aug 25;269(5227):1108-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7652557" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins ; Carrier Proteins/genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; *Energy Metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Glucose-6-Phosphatase/genetics ; Glycogen Synthase/genetics/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver Glycogen/metabolism ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Serum Albumin/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Multiple defects of immune cell function in mice with disrupted interferon-gamma genes (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-03-19
    Description: Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is a pleiotrophic cytokine with immunomodulatory effects on a variety of immune cells. Mice with a targeted disruption of the IFN-gamma gene were generated. These mice developed normally and were healthy in the absence of pathogens. However, mice deficient in IFN-gamma had impaired production of macrophage antimicrobial products and reduced expression of macrophage major histocompatibility complex class II antigens. IFN-gamma-deficient mice were killed by a sublethal dose of the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium bovis. Splenocytes exhibited uncontrolled proliferation in response to mitogen and alloantigen. After a mixed lymphocyte reaction, T cell cytolytic activity was enhanced against allogeneic target cells. Resting splenic natural killer cell activity was reduced in IFN-gamma-deficient mice. Thus, IFN-gamma is essential for the function of several cell types of the murine immune system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dalton, D K -- Pitts-Meek, S -- Keshav, S -- Figari, I S -- Bradley, A -- Stewart, T A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Mar 19;259(5102):1739-42.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8456300" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Division ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/immunology ; *Immunity ; Interferon-gamma/*genetics/physiology ; Isoantigens/immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Macrophages/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Spleen/cytology/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Transfection ; Tuberculosis/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Association between HLA-DQB1 alleles and risk for cervical cancer in African-American women (1994)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-05-15
    Print ISSN: 0020-7136
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0215
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the asymmetric misfit dislocation morphology in epitaxial layers with the zinc-blende structure (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 2739-2746 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial growth of compound semiconductors on the (001) exhibits an asymmetry in the dislocation morphology in the two 〈110〉 directions for thicknesses near the critical thickness. The source of the asymmetry has been investigated by growth of a thickness wedge of p- and n-type GaAs0.95 P0.05 on GaAs by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The effect of misorientation on the resolved shear stress for each slip system has been calculated and eliminated as the source of the asymmetry. The thickness gradient was also eliminated as the source. A definitive correlation can be made between the asymmetry and the differences in the Peierls barriers of the two types of dislocations. The asymmetry results in two different critical thicknesses, one for each type of dislocation. The Peierls barriers are more similar in p-type material than in n-type material. In agreement with this, a reduced amount of asymmetry was observed in the p-type overgrowth as compared to the n-type. The nucleation barrier differences between the two types of dislocations are shown to be an unlikely source of the asymmetry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346450
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of frictional stress on the calculation of critical thickness in epitaxy (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 2801-2808 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A critical-thickness model is proposed for lattice-mismatched epitaxial layers which incorporates for the first time both the equilibrium and kinetic components of misfit accommodation. The model is an attempt to provide a physical basis for the discrepancy between the observed and calculated critical thickness in zinc-blende semiconductors. The equilibrium components of the model use a force balance and a Volterra description of the dislocation line tension with frictional forces includiing Peierls barriers and dislocation atmospheres. The effect of the frictional forces is to shift the critical thickness to a larger value and to produce a residual elastic strain which persists for large thicknesses. The frictional barriers are low in face-centered-cubic metals and produce minor changes from the previous theories; however, for semiconductors the frictional forces may be high and produce a substantial increase in the predicted critical thickness. The kinetic component of misfit accommodation has been addressed through a dynamic frictional force. The explicit form of the kinetic component of misfit accommodation depends on the operative mechanism of misfit-dislocation generation. A simple criterion is proposed to estimate whether the generation of misfit dislocations will be controlled by equilibrium or kinetic factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346458
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-photon spectroscopy of Rydberg states of jet-cooled C2H4 and C2D4 (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 6358-6366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Spectroscopic studies of two-photon resonant vibronic bands of the (π,3s), (π,3p), and (π,nf ) (n=4–18) Rydberg states of jet-cooled C2H4 and C2D4 are reported. New vibronic bands are resolved by these low temperature (〈10 K) observations and previous vibronic assignments of two-photon 3s and 3p transitions are confirmed. A new vibronic progression is observed in the 3s spectrum, tentatively assigned to two-photon allowed 1B2g←1Ag transitions, vibronically induced via excitation of the b1u ν6 CH2 antisymmetric scissors mode. Polarization ratio measurements and identification of the previously unreported 3pσ origin band show that the energies of the 3p levels are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Higher-lying members of the s- and p-Rydberg series are not observed, suggestive of the onset of strong predissociation. These first observations of the two-photon allowed nf-Rydberg series yield ionization potential estimates of 84 799±5 cm−1 for C2H4 and 84 918±5 cm−1 for C2D4 that compare favorably with previous measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.460314
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiphoton spectroscopy of Rydberg states of tetrachloroethylene (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 1521-1532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Spectroscopic studies of two-photon resonant vibronic bands of the (π,np) and (π,nf) Rydberg series of jet-cooled C2Cl4 are reported. Polarization ratio measurements for each transition and comparisons of experimental and calculated chlorine isotope shifts permitted the unambiguous assignment of vibronic band structure. Ab initio self-consistent field calculations of the harmonic frequencies for the optimized ground state geometry of C2Cl4 were performed for each of the seven isotopic chlorine compositions to assist interpretation of the isotope shift measurements. The 4p-Rydberg bands are quite weak and strongly perturbed, suggestive of localized Rydberg–valence state configuration mixing. The nf-Rydberg series provides a measurement of the first ionization potential for C2Cl4 of 75 216±5 cm−1 in good agreement with previous measurements. Mass analysis of ion fragmentation patterns reveals a multiphoton ladder switching excitation mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459130
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular Precursors to Lanthanide(II)-Based Semiconductors: Synthetic Pathways toward the Preparation of Lanthanide Monochalcogenide Precursors (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 33 (1994), S. 5188-5194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00101a009
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Episelection: Novel Ki .apprx. Nanomolar Inhibitors of Serine Proteases Selected by Binding or Chemistry on an Enzyme Surface (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 8264-8280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00026a008
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