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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure-activity studies on magainins and other host defense peptides (1995)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 37 (1995), S. 105-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Host defense peptides are widely distributed in nature, being found in species from bacteria to humans. The structures of these peptides from insects, horseshoe crabs, frogs, and mammals are known to have the common features of a net cationic charge due to the presence of multiple Arg and Lys residues and in most cases the ability to form amphipathic structures. These properties are important for the mechanism of action that is thougln to be a nonreceptor-mediated interaction with the anionic phospholipids of the target cell followed by incorporation into the membrane and disruption of the membrane structure. Host defense peptides have been shown to have broad spectrum antimicrobial activity, able to kill most strains of bacteria as well as some fungi, protozoa, and in addition, many types of tumor cells. Specificity for pathogenic cells over host cells is thought to be due to the composition of the cell membranes, with an increased proportion of anionic phospholipids making the pathogen more susceptible and the presence of cholesterol making the host membranes more resistant. Structure-activity relationship studies have been performed on insect cecropins and apidaecins. horseshoe crab tachyplesins and polyphemusins. and the frog magainins. CPFs (caerulein precursor fragments) and PGLa. In general, changes that increased the basicity and stabilized the amphipathic structure have increased the antimicrobial activity: however, as the peptides become more hydrophobic the degree of specificity decreases. One magainin-2 analogue. MSI-78. has been developed by Magainin Pharmaceuticals as a topical antiinefective and is presently in clinical trials for the treatment of infected diabetic foot ulcers. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 16 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360370206
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation and characterization of new polyether ketone-tetraethylorthosilicate hybrid glasses by the sol-gel method (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40 (1990), S. 1177-1194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In recent years, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) has been used as a precursor in preparing inorganic glasses. The technique, known as the sol-gel process involves a two step poly(hydrolysis-condensation)reaction sequence. The work presented here is concerned with the utilization of a suitably functionalized oligomeric “glassy” organic polymeric component in this two step sequence. In particular, an amine terminated amorphous poly(arylene ether) ketone, (PEK), end capped with isocyantonropyl triethoxy silane was used to synthesize a hybrid network with TEOS. Low incorporation of the PEK oligomers into the network caused by early vitrification can be eliminated by carrying out reactions at elevated temperatures. A systematic change in mechanical and physical properties of the hybrid glass has been found with TEOS content and the annealing temperatures. A model for the network has been proposed based on structural and morphological evidence.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070400709
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V implants fabricated by electrodischarge compaction (1991)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 25 (1991), S. 1417-1429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Physical characteristics of a Ti-6Al-4V implant were evaluated following fabrication using a new electrodischarge compaction technique. Ti-6Al-4V atomized powders were loaded into Pyrex tubes (3.3 mm ID) and subjected to a highvoltage, high-current-density pulse in air for a period of less than 300 μs. Single pulses (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 KJ/grampowder) were applied from a capacitor bank (240, 480 or 720 μF) to produce solid core implants with porous surface layers. Implants were evaluated microscopically for core size, neck size, pore size, grain structure, and incorporated oxide film. Hardness was also evaluated. Implants were compared with Ti-6Al-4V commercial powders. Core size increased and pore size decreased with increases in energy and capacitance. The cores were composed of equiaxed grains which were free of oxide at the grain boundary. Porous layers, consisting of particles connected in three dimensions by necks, were free of oxide films at the connecting interfaces. Neck size increased with increases in input energy and capacitance. Hardness readings of the core, necks, and porous particles resulted in readings higher than or similar to control materials. Electrodischarge compaction did not alter the physical characteristics during compaction.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820251202
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    XPS sputter depth profiling of the chemical states for SrTiO3/Si interface by O2+ ion beams (1995)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 23 (1995), S. 851-857 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Because the chemical states of the elements in SrTiO3 thin film on Si are reduced by argon ion beam bombardment, it was impossible to sputter depth profile the chemical states of SrTiO3 thin film by argon ion beams. In this paper, it is reported that the undistorted chemical states of Ti and Si at the SrTiO3/Si interface can be determined with oxygen ion beams at the appropriate 70° angle of incidence, with which either metallic Ti is not oxidized or Ti in SrTiO3 is not reduced. Under the sputter depth profiling conditions, the chemical state of Ti at the SrTiO3/Si interface could be successfully characterized and the effects of post-annealing at high temperature on the chemical state of Ti were studied. A significant number of Ti atoms in the metallic state were observed at the SrTiO3/Si interface without any post-annealing but all of them were oxidized to the Ti4+ chemical state after 2 h post-annealing at the temperatures above 600°C under oxygen flow. The dielectric properties of SrTiO3 thin films on Si were well correlated to the oxidation state of Ti and the broadening of the interface SiO2 layer induced by post-annealing at high temperature.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740231302
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