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  • Springer  (146)
  • Springer Nature  (36)
  • 1995-1999  (129)
  • 1990-1994  (53)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vulnerability of newly settled red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) to predatory fish: is early-life survival enhanced by seagrass meadows? (1998)
    Springer
    Marine biology 131 (1998), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We conducted predation experiments to evaluate the vulnerability of red drum Sciaenops ocellatus (Linnaeus) larvae and early juveniles to pinfish Lagodon rhomboides (Linnaeus) predators. Experiments were designed to analyze the effects of habitat complexity, prey size, and rearing condition on prey vulnerability. Three structurally different habitats [unvegetated (substrate only), shoal grass Halodule wrightii (Aschers) and turtle grass Thalassia testudinum (Bank ex König)] were simulated in experimental mesocosms. Instantaneous hourly mortality rates (Z h−1 predator−1) for hatchery-reared red drum were significantly higher in the unvegetated habitat (0.189) than in either shoal grass (0.069) or turtle grass (0.046). A similar trend in predation mortality was observed for wild-caught red drum; instantaneous hourly mortality rates were 0.166, 0.047, and 0.021 in unvegetated, shoal grass, and turtle grass habitats, respectively. Mortality rates (adjusted means) for hatchery red drum were higher than for wild individuals in all three habitats; however, the differences were not significant. Predation mortality decreased with increasing prey size (3 to 9% decrease in Z per mm increase in length), suggesting that small red drum (i.e. new settlers) were most vulnerable to predators. We conclude that habitat complexity is critical to the survival of newly settled red drum, and changes in the complexity or areal coverage of natural seagrass meadows may affect early-life survival and possibly recruitment levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050305
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Condition of larval and juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus ) from estuarine nursery habitats (1997)
    Springer
    Marine biology 127 (1997), S. 387-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract RNA:DNA ratios of larval and juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) collected from nursery habitats in the Aransas Estuary, Texas, in 1994 were quantified using a highly sensitive ethidium-bromide fluorometric technique. RNA:DNA ratios of wild red drum were evaluated by comparing individual values to a linear regression model derived for starved laboratory-reared red drum. Wild red drum were in relatively good condition with 〈5% of the RNA:DNA ratios within or below the 95% prediction interval of 4 to 5 d starved red drum. A multiple-regression model explained 54% of the variability in the RNA:DNA ratio of wild red drum, and identified length and water temperature (midday) as significant factors. RNA:DNA ratios increased with fish length [≃1.1 mm−1, over the size range investigated (5␣to 20 mm)]. The effect of temperature on the RNA: DNA ratio was assessed on different sampling trips, and ratios increased with increasing temperature. Abundance of larval and juvenile red drum in the Aransas Estuary varied as a function of both habitat (shoal grass Halodule wrightii, turtle grass Thalassia testudinum) and site (Aransas Bay, Redfish Bay); however, no differences in RNA:DNA ratios were detected between habitats or between sites. It is postulated that the nutritional condition of newly settled red drum from the Aransas Estuary in 1994 was relatively high, and that starvation was of minor importance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050025
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  • 3
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    Search for scalar fermions and long-lived scalar leptons at centre-of-mass energies of 130 GeV to 172 GeV (1999)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1434-6044
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-6052
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    Vulnerability of newly settled red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ) to predatory fish: is early-life survival enhanced by seagrass meadows? (1998)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-04-29
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
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    Condition of larval and juvenile red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus  ) from estuarine nursery habitats (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-02-05
    Print ISSN: 0025-3162
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1793
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The track structures of ionizing particles and their application to radiation biophysics (1999)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 38 (1999), S. 175-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Keywords: Key words Alpha particle ; Deuteron ; Proton ; Biophysical modeling ; Radiation quality influence ; Bacillus subtilis ; DNA density ; Monte Carlo calculations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  A new approach to the interpretation of the effects of radiation on cells is described, in which sample particle tracks are constructed using a Monte Carlo computer program and the exposure of cellular targets to these tracks is simulated using a second program known as BIOPHYS. Data on the shapes and DNA contents of the cell nuclei are obtained from the literature. It is assumed that the sensitive material is DNA, and that the target is divided into cubes of approximately 2 nm (the diameter of the DNA helix) per side; the numbers of these cubes containing different numbers of ionizations are derived. Two different methods of analysing the output of BIOPHYS are described. In the first, it is assumed that lethality is caused by the occurrence of a number of ionizations equal to or greater than a certain threshold in one cube; in the second method, it is assumed that only two ionizations are required, in different parts of the cube, but that only some fraction of the cube is sensitive. These models have been applied to the interpretation of the variation of radiosensitivity with a linear energy transfer (LET) of spores of Bacillus subtilis exposed wet and dry, and good fits to the published experimental data were obtained using both models. Fits to experimental data for a range of other cell lines will be presented in a second paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004110050153
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the safener-induced glutathione S-transferase isoform II from maize (1995)
    Springer
    Planta 196 (1995), S. 295-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Alachlor ; Glutathione ; Glutathione S-transferase ; Safener ; Zea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The safener-induced maize (Zea mays L.) glutathione S-transferase, GST II (EC 2.5.1.18) and another predominant isoform, GST I, were purified from extracts of maize roots treated with the safeners R-25788 (N,N-diallyl-2-dichloroacetamide) or R-29148 (3-dichloroace-tyl-2,2,5-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidone). The isoforms GST I and GST II are respectively a homodimer of 29-kDa (GST-29) subunits and a heterodimer of 29 and 27-kDa (GST-27) subunits, while GST I is twice as active with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene as GST II, GST II is about seven times more active against the herbicide, alachlor. Western blotting using antisera raised against GST-29 and GST-27 showed that GST-29 is present throughout the maize plant prior to safener treatment. In contrast, GST-27 is only present in roots of untreated plants but is induced in all the major aerial organs of maize after root-drenching with safener. The amino-acid sequences of proteolytic fragments of GST-27 show that it is related to GST-29 and identical to the 27-kDa subunit of GST IV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00201388
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA:DNA ratio during the critical period and early larval growth of the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus (1994)
    Springer
    Marine biology 121 (1994), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Eggs from two separate spawning stocks of the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus (Linnaeus) were hatched, and the larvae were reared in the laboratory for 2 wk under closely controlled conditions. Total RNA, DNA, and soluble protein were measured in each population daily in triplicate pooled samples of larvae from each of three tanks. Growth rate in mm d-1 was determined for each population at 2 d intervals. Growth rate explained 72 and 95% of the variation in the RNA:DNA ratios of the two populations individually, and 86% of the variation in the RNA:DNA ratio when data from the two populations were combined. The RNA:DNA ratio appeared to be most effective as an indicator of growth in rapidly growing larvae, and to lose some resolution when growth was intermittent. The rates of deposition of RNA, DNA, and protein into tissue were all highly correlated with growth rate and with each other. Mean population RNA:DNA ratios of red drum yolk-sac larvae decreased from Day 1 post-hatch until larvae initiated successful feeding behavior, and then increased steadily throghout the remainder of the experimental period. This pattern of change in the RNA:DNA ratios during the yolk-sac stage appears to be an intrinsic developmental pattern of red drum ontogeny. The lowest values for the RNA:DNA ratio were observed just prior to the initiation of feeding or during the “critical period”, indicating that red drum larvae experience a decrease in capacity for protein synthesis as they initiate feeding. Intrinsic variation in the RNA:DNA ratio during development suggests that caution be used when comparing the RNA:DNA ratios of yolk-sac larvae to a “critical ratio” calculated from Buckley's general model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349468
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adjustment patterns and equilibrium selection in experimental signaling games (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of game theory 22 (1993), S. 279-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1270
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines the relation between adjustment patterns and equilibrium selection in laboratory experiments with two types of simple signaling games. One type of game has two Nash equilibria, of which only one is sequential. The other type has two sequential equilibria, only one of them satisfying equilibrium dominance. For each type of game, the results show that variations in the payoff structure, which do not change the equilibrium configuration, generate different adjustment patterns. As a consequence, the less refined equilibrium is more frequently observed for some payoff structures, while the more refined equilibrium is more frequently observed in others.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01240058
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interleukin-6 does not mediate the stimulation by prostaglandin E2, parathyroid hormone, or 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in neonatal mouse parietal bones (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 114-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Interleukin-6 ; Prostaglandin E2 ; Parathyroid hormone ; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) was produced by neonatal mouse parietal bones during a 6- or 48-hour culture period in response to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and bovine parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1-34 fragment but not 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. At the same time there was an increase in tartrate-resistant, acid phosphatasepositive osteoclasts (TRAP+OC) with all three osteotropic effectors over 6 hours, and an increase in 45Ca release over 48 hours. TRAP+OC numbers on PGE2-stimulated bones were positively correlated with IL-6 concentration. Our aim was to determine if IL-6 mediated this response. Recombinant human IL-6 (rhIL-6) was added to parietal bones in culture at concentrations within the range that PGE2 or PTH would produce during incubation. However, over 6 or 48 hours, rhIL-6 did not stimulate TRAP+OC to increase in number nor did it cause an increase in calcium release over 48 hours. Adding an antibody against mouse IL-6 to bone cultures stimulated with PTH or PGE2 neutralized the resulting IL-6 bioactivity by up to 92% but did not inhibit TRAP+OC formation. We conclude that although IL-6 is produced in response to two important stimulators of bone resorption, it does not mediate osteoclast differentiation or bone resorption in this model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297186
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