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  • Springer  (88)
  • Elsevier  (72)
  • Springer Nature  (6)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • 1995-1999  (92)
  • 1990-1994  (74)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: Friend spleen focus-forming virus ; glycoprotein ; oligosaccharide processing ; SFFV
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Normal rat kidney cells, non-productively infected with the anaemia-inducing variant of Friend spleen focus-forming virus (F-SFFVA), were metabolically labelled with [2-3H]mannose. The primary translation product of the viral envelope gene (env), representing a glycoprotein with an apparent molecularM r of 55 000 (gp55), was isolated from cell lysates by immunoaffinity chromatography and purified by preparative SDS/PAGE. Radiolabelled oligosaccharides, released from tryptic glycopeptides by treatment with endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H, were characterized chromatographically, by enzymic digestion and by acetolysis. The results revealed that F-SFFVA gp55 obtained from this source carried predominantly oligomannose type sugar chains with five to nine mannoses. As a characteristic feature, glycans with seven to nine mannoses contained, in part, an additional glucose residue. Although the amount of glucosylated species found was higher in F-SFFVA gp55 (about 25% of total endo-H-sensitive oligosaccharides) than in gp55 of the corresponding polycythaemia-inducing variant (F-SFFVP, 16.3%), the overall glycosylation pattern of the F-SFFVA env product closely resembled that of F-SFFVP gp55 [Strubeet al. (1988)J Biol Chem 263:3762–71]. Hence, our results demonstrate that the different intracellular processing and transport of the primary F-SFFVA env product cannot be attributed to aberrant trimming of its oligomannose type glycans.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 14 (1997), S. 785-793 
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: glycoprotein ; glycosylation ; gp120 ; HIV ; MALDI-TOF-MS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Neutral complex-type N-glycans of the envelope glycoprotein 120 of HIV-2, propagated in different host cells, display cell-type specific variations. In order to identify typical structural elements, glycans were analysed by gel filtration, by enzymic sequencing and, in part, by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The characteristic substituents of di- tri- and tetraantennary carbohydrate units thus observed include N-acetyllactosamine repeats, bisecting N-acetylglucosamine and fucose linked to the chitobiose core as well as to N-acetyllactosamine antennae. Each glycoprotein preparation displayed a characteristic set of glycoforms. Abbreviations: endo H, endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H; E-PHA, Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin E4; GlcNAcOH, N-acetyl-glucosaminitol; gp120/HUT78(MOLT4/Mφ/PBL/U937), external envelope glycoprotein 120 of HIV-2, strain D194, propagated in HUT78 (MOLT4, Mφ, PBL, U937) cells; gu, glucose units; HPAEC, high-pH anion-exchange chromatography; MALDI-TOF-MS, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry; Mφ, human monocytes/macrophages; PBL, human peripheral blood lymphocytes; PNGase F, peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-β-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase F
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 47 (1999), S. 219-238 
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: dissolved humic substances ; FTIR spectroscopy ; land use history ; peat ; synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy ; UV/VIS spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The elemental composition and spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids isolated from different sampling media (topsoil, ground and surface water) of a natural fen area (high portion of organic soils) were examined to reveal the effects of land use history. These effects need to be known if dissolved humic substances are to be a major factor in identifying the impact of present and future changes in land use. Dissolved fulvic acids (topsoil, groundwater) from highly degraded peatlands (due to a long-term agricultural use) exhibit lower C/N ratios, higher absorption in the UV spectra, and higher absorption at 1,620 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra compared with fulvic acids from relatively intact peatlands. These properties illustrate that long-term agricultural use with high inputs results in increased aromatic structures and a further humification of dissolved fulvic acids due to very strong peat decomposition compared with relatively intact peatlands. Synchronous fluorescence spectra also indicate the higher level of aromatic structures within fulvic acids isolated from sites with long-term agricultural use (high peat decomposition) compared with a land use history resulting in a lower peat decomposition. The different sources of fulvic acids in surface water (precipitation, runoff, interflow, groundwater) are the main reason for these effects not being detected in fulvic acids isolated from surface water. Short-term changes in land use characterized by a transition from crop farming to an unimproved grassland were found not to affect the spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids. A humification index deduced from the synchronous fluorescence spectra is proposed. We have strong evidence that dissolved humic substances indicate changes in the environmental conditions (both anthropogenic and natural) of wetlands with a high proportion of organic soils.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 47 (1999), S. 219-238 
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: dissolved humic substances ; FTIR spectroscopy ; land use history ; peat ; synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy ; UV/VIS spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The elemental composition and spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids isolated from different sampling media (topsoil, ground and surface water) of a natural fen area (high portion of organic soils) were examined to reveal the effects of land use history. These effects need to be known if dissolved humic substances are to be a major factor in identifying the impact of present and future changes in land use. Dissolved fulvic acids (topsoil, groundwater) from highly degraded peatlands (due to a long-term agricultural use) exhibit lower C/N ratios, higher absorption in the UV spectra, and higher absorption at 1,620 cm−1 in the FTIR spectra compared with fulvic acids from relatively intact peatlands. These properties illustrate that long-term agricultural use with high inputs results in increased aromatic structures and a further humification of dissolved fulvic acids due to very strong peat decomposition compared with relatively intact peatlands. Synchronous fluorescence spectra also indicate the higher level of aromatic structures within fulvic acids isolated from sites with long-term agricultural use (high peat decomposition) compared with a land use history resulting in a lower peat decomposition. The different sources of fulvic acids in surface water (precipitation, runoff, interflow, groundwater) are the main reason for these effects not being detected in fulvic acids isolated from surface water. Short-term changes in land use characterized by a transition from crop farming to an unimproved grassland were found not to affect the spectroscopic properties of dissolved fulvic acids. A humification index deduced from the synchronous fluorescence spectra is proposed. We have strong evidence that dissolved humic substances indicate changes in the environmental conditions (both anthropogenic and natural) of wetlands with a high proportion of organic soils.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1999-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0168-2563
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-515X
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1994-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0282-0080
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4986
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 43 (1990), S. 199-207 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: 65C99 ; Particle methods ; linearized Boltzmann equation ; Gauss integration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In [3] ist eine Partikelmethode vorgestellt, die unendlich viele Partikel benötigt. Zu ihrer numerischen Implementierung muß der numerisch relevante Träger abgeschätzt werden. Um dies zu vermeiden, führen wir über die Gasß-Integration eine a priori endliche Form ein und stellen numerische Ergebnisse für verschiedene Testbereiche vor.
    Notes: Abstract In [3] a particle method is proposed which acts on an infinite grid. Hence, for a numerical application an estimation of the numerically relevant support is necessary. To overcome this difficulty we suggest a finite grid based on Gaussian integration formulas and present numerical results of different test examples.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 29 (1990), S. 192-196 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Ascorbic acid metabolism ; Callitrichidae ; stress ; 14CO2-excretion ; Ascorbinsäurestoffwechsel ; Krallenaffen ; Streß ; 14CO2-Ausscheidung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei den beiden Affenarten Callithrix jacchus und Saguinus fuscicollis, die der gleichen Neuweltaffenfamilie der Krallenaffen angehören, wurden extrem unterschiedliche Serumascorbatspiegel gefunden, obwohl die Tiere unter identischen Bedingungen in derselben Kolonie gehalten wurden. Die14C-Ausscheidung von oral verabreichter 1-14C-AA wurde unter marginaler wie auch reichlicher Vitamin-C-Versorgung sowie unter Streßbedingungen untersucht. Zwischen niedriger und hoher Vitamin-C-Versorgung traten große Unterschiede im14C-Ausscheidungsmodus auf. Der Speziesunterschied war dabei geringer als der Unterschied zwischen individuellen Streß-/Nichtstreß-Bedingungen, aber in beiden Fällen war er gleichartig. In vergleichbaren Versuchen reagierte S. fuscicollis derart, daß ein höherer Streßzustand bei dieser Spezies angenommen werden kann.
    Notes: Summary Recently it has been found that the two monkey species Callithrix jacchus and Saguinus fuscicollis, both belonging to the same New World monkey family Callitrichidae and held in the same colony under identical conditions, had extremely different serum ascorbate levels. To examine the ascorbic acid metabolism the14C-excretion of orally given 1-14C-ascorbic acid was studied under conditions of marginal and abundant vitamin C supply and under intentional stress. There were large differences in the mode of14C excretion between low and high ascorbate supply. The differences were smaller between stress/no stress conditions intraindividually than between the two species, but they were in the same manner. In comparable trials S. fuscicollis reacted such that a higher status of stress can be supposed in this species.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The influence of several factors on breeding success, nesting behaviour, density and selection of nesting sites was investigated on a study plot of 128 km2 in northeastern Bavaria (Bayreuth, Oberfranken). The position to human settlement is the most important factor: Magpies within settlements showed a higher breeding success and density than outside (Tab. 5); the habitat (rural, urban, outskirts) was less important. Potential predators (GoshawkAccipiter gentilis, Carrion CrowCorvus corone corone) had no effect, Probably because of its low densities. The relation to colonies of the Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris) is interpreted as a common use of grassland as feeding site during the breeding season (Tab. 5). Magpies seem to avoid the vicinity of forests (Tab. 4). The altitude had only a slight effect on breeding success and nesting behaviour. Among several factors which refer to the nesting site (tree type, height, exposition, period of leaf break, nest type) only the nest age had a clear (positive) effect on breeding success. Magpies preferred higher trees for nest-building (Tab. 4). The influence of other factors (density of nest sites, hunting, character of trees) and the relation between the different factors are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Auf einer Fläche von 128 km2 im Raum Rayreuth (Oberfranken) wurde der Einfluß verschiedener Faktoren auf Bruterfolg, Nestbau, Siedlungsdichte und Nistplatzwahl der Elster durch multivariable statistische Methoden geprüft. Größte Bedeutung kam der Lage zur Siedlung zu: Elstern innerhalb von Siedlungen hatten einen vergleichsweise höheren Bruterfolg und eine höhere Siedlungsdichte. Das Habitat (Stadt, Stadtrand, Land) spielte demgegenüber eine geringere Rolle. Ein Einfluß potentieller Feinde (Rabenkrähe, Habicht) war (vermutlich wegen zu geringer Dichte) nicht erkennbar. Die mögliche Beziehung zur Wacholderdrossel wird als gemeinsame Nutzung von Grünland als wichtigste Nahrungsquelle diskutiert. Waldrandnahe Standorte wurden gemieden. Die Höhenlage hatte nur einen geringen Einfluß auf Bruterfolg und Nestbauverhalten. Von verschiedenen das Nest betreffenden Parametern (Baumtyp, Baumhöhe, Exposition, Blattaustrieb, Nestausbau, Nestalter) hatte nur das Nestalter einen deutlichen positiven Effekt auf den Bruterfolg. Bei der Wahl eines Nistplatzes war die Baumhöhe die einzig erkennbare wichtige Größe: Elstern nutzten höhere Bäume als dem durchschnittlichen Angebot entsprach. Die Bedeutung anderer Faktoren (Nistplatzangebot, Jagd) und die Beziehung zwischen den verschiedenen Parametern wird diskutiert.
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