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  • Cambridge University Press  (15)
  • Springer Nature  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1
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    Long-term potentiation in awake mutant mice (1997)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 2
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    Bénard convection in binary mixtures with Soret effects and solidification (1992)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-05-01
    Description: Benard convection of a two-component liquid is considered. The liquid displays Soret effects and the boundary temperatures are fiXed to span the solidification temperature of the miXture. Near the lower, heated plate the material is liquid and near the upper cooled plate there is a layer of pure solid solvent; all the solute is rejected during freezing. Linear stability theory is used to determine the effects on the critical conditions for Soret convection in the presence of the solidified layer and the interface between solid and liquid. EXperiments on miXtures of ethyl alcohol and water are performed using interferometry, photography and thermocouple measurements. The measured onset of instability to travelling waves at negative Soret coefficient compares well with those predicted by our linear theory. In the absence of ice the waves develop at finite amplitude to a fiXed-amplitude state. However, when ice is present, these waves fail to persist but evolve to a state of steady finite-amplitude (overturning) convection. These differences are attributed to the presence of the ice and the nonlinear density profile of the basic state, both of which act as sources of non-Boussinesq effects. © 1992, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 3
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    Directional solidification of a binary alloy into a cellular convective flow: localized morphologies (1999)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 1999-09-25
    Description: A steady, two-dimensional cellular convection modifies the morphological instability of a binary alloy that undergoes directional solidification. When the convection wavelength is far longer than that of the morphological cells, the behaviour of the moving front is described by a slow, spatial-temporal dynamics obtained through a multiple-scale analysis. The resulting system has a parametric-excitation structure in space, with complex parameters characterizing the interactions between flow, solute diffusion, and rejection. The convection in general stabilizes two-dimensional disturbances, but destabilizes three-dimensional disturbances. When the flow is weak, the morphological instability is incommensurate with the flow wavelength, but as the flow gets stronger, the instability becomes quantized and forced to fit into the flow box. At large flow strength the instability is localized, confined in narrow envelopes. In this case the solutions are discrete eigenstates in an unbounded space. Their stability boundaries and asymptotics are obtained by a WKB analysis. The weakly nonlinear interaction is delivered through the Lyapunov-Schmidt method.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 4
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    Local fluid and heat flow near contact lines (1994)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 1994-06-10
    Description: We consider steady two-dimensional fluid flow and heat transfer near contact lines in single-phase and two-phase systems. Both single- and double-wedge geometries admit separable solutions in plane polar coordinates for both thermal and flow fields. We consider the class of functions which have bounded temperatures and velocities at the corner. When free surfaces are present, we seek local solutions, those that satisfy all local boundary conditions, and partial local solutions, those that satisfy all but the normal-stress boundary condition. Our aim in this work is to describe local fluid and heat flow in problems where these fields are coupled by determining for which wedge angles solutions exist, identifying singularities in the heat flux and stress which are present at contact lines, and determining the dependence of these singularities on the wedge angles. For thermal fields in two phases we identify two modes of heat transfer that are analogous to the two modes identified by Proudman & Asadullah (1988) for two-fluid flow. For non-isothermal flow, locally, convection does not play a role but coupling through thermocapillary effects on non-isothermal free surfaces can arise. We find that under non-isothermal conditions a planar free surface must leave a planar rigid boundary at an angle of π, the same angle found by Michael (1958) for an isothermal rigid/free wedge, in order to satisfy all local boundary conditions. Finally, we find that situations arise where no coupled solutions of the form sought can be found; we discuss means by which alternative solutions can be obtained. © 1994, Cambridge University Press
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 5
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    Long-wave instabilities of heated falling films: two-dimensional theory of uniform layers (1991)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 1991-09-01
    Description: A layer of volatile viscous liquid drains down a uniformly heated inclined plate. Long-wave instabilities of the uniform film are studied by deriving an evolution equation for two-dimensional disturbances. This equation incorporates viscosity, gravity, surface tension, thermocapillarity, and evaporation effects. The linear theory derived from this describes the competition among the instabilities. Numerical solution of the evolution equation describes the finite-amplitude behaviour that determines the propensity for dryout of the film. Among the phenomena that appear are the tendency to wave breaking, the creation of secondary structures, and the pre-emption of dryout by mean flow. © 1991, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 6
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    Two-fluid viscous flow in a corner (1993)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 1993-12-01
    Description: We consider steady, two-dimensional viscous flow of two fluids near a corner. The two fluids meet at the wedge vertex and are locally in contact with each other along a straight line emanating from the corner. The double wedge, treated in polar coordinates, admits separable solutions with bounded velocities at the corner. We seek local solutions which satisfy all local boundary conditions, as well as partial local solutions which satisfy all but the normal-stress boundary conditions. We find that local solutions exist for a wide range of total wedge angles and that a class of individual wedge angles and stress exponents is selected. Partial local solutions exist for all combinations of individual wedge angles and the stress exponents are determined as functions of these angles and the viscosity ratio. In both cases, Moffatt vortices can be found. Our aim in this work is to describe local two-fluid flow by determining for which wedge angles solutions exist, identifying singularities in the stress at the corner and identifying conditions under which Moffatt vortices can be present in the flow. Furthermore, for the single-wedge geometry, we identify for small capillary number non-uniformities present in solutions valid near the corner. © 1993, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 7
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    Local fluid and heat flow near contact lines (1998)
    Cambridge University Press
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    Publication Date: 1998-09-25
    Description: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 268 (1994), pp. 231–265It has recently come to our attention that our paper, which describes Marangoni-driven flow near a contact line, overlooks solutions involving a general thermal boundary condition on the free surface (private communication, S. J. Tavener 1997). These new solutions are applicable for non-isothermal flows in a corner region where one boundary is a rigid plane (and either perfectly insulating or perfectly conducting) and the other is a free surface upon which a general thermal boundary condition is applied. We describe these additional solutions below.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 8
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    The unsteady expansion and contraction of a long two-dimensional vapour bubble between superheated or subcooled parallel plates (1999)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-07-25
    Description: In an attempt to model the growth and collapse of a vapour bubble in nucleate boiling this paper investigates the unsteady expansion and contraction of a long two-dimensional vapour bubble confined between superheated or subcooled parallel plates whose motion is driven by mass-transfer effects due to evaporation from the liquid to the vapour and condensation from the vapour to the liquid. It is shown that in the asymptotic limit of strong surface tension (small capillary number) the solution consists of two capillary-statics regions (in which the bubble interface is semicircular at leading order) and two thin films attached to the plates, connected by appropriate transition regions. This generalization of the steady and isothermal problem addressed by Bretherton (1961) has a number of interesting physical and mathematical features. Unlike in Bretherton's problem, the bubble does not translate but can change in size. Furthermore, the thin films are neither spatially nor temporally uniform and may dry out locally, possibly breaking up into disconnected patches of liquid. Furthermore, there is a complicated nonlinear coupling with a delay character between the profiles of the thin films and the overall expansion or contraction of the bubble which means that the velocity with which the bubble expands or contracts is typically not monotonic. This coupling is investigated for three different combinations of thermal boundary conditions and two simple initial thin-film profiles. It is found that when both plates are superheated equally the bubble always expands, and depending on the details of the initial thin-film profiles, this expansion may either continue indefinitely or stop in a finite time. When both plates are subcooled equally the bubble always contracts, and the length of the thin-film region always approaches zero asymptotically. When one plate is superheated and the other subcooled with equal magnitude the bubble may either expand or contract initially, but eventually the bubble always contracts just as in the pure-condensation case.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 9
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    Bénard convection in binary mixtures with Soret effects and solidification (1993)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 10
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    Nonlinear long-wave stability of superposed fluids in an inclined channel (1994)
    Cambridge University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-10-25
    Description: We consider the two-layer flow of immiscible, viscous, incompressible fluids in an inclined channel. We use long-wave theory to obtain a strongly nonlinear evolution equation which describes the motion of the interface. This equation includes the physical effects of viscosity stratification, density stratification, and shear. A weakly nonlinear analysis of this equation yields a Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, which possesses a quadratic nonlinearity. However, certain physical situations exist in two-layer flow for which modifications of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation are physically pertinent. In particular, the presence of the second layer can mediate the wave-steepening instability found in single-phase falling films, requiring the inclusion of a cubic nonlinearity in the weakly nonlinear analysis. The introduction of the cubic nonlinearity destroys the symmetry-breaking bifurcations of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, and new isolated solution branches emerge as the strength of the cubic nonlinearity increases. Bistability between these new solutions and those associated with the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation is found, as well as the formation of a hysteresis loop from smaller-amplitude travelling waves to larger-amplitude travelling waves. The physical implications of these dynamics to the phenomenon of laminar flooding in a channel are discussed. © 1994, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1120
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7645
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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