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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Noordwijk : ESA Publications Division
    Associated volumes
    Call number: AWI A1-00-0196-2
    In: 33rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly
    In: Special publications
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 131 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 9290925604
    Series Statement: Special publications / European Space Agency 1241
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Ethylene oxide is a gas produced in large quantities in the United States that is used primarily as a chemical intermediate in the production of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, nonionic surfactants, ethanolamines, glycol ethers, and other chemicals. It has been well established that ethylene oxide can induce cancer, genetic, reproductive and developmental, and acute health effects in animals. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is currently developing both a cancer potency factor and a reference concentration (RfC) for ethylene oxide. This study used the rich database on the reproductive and developmental effects of ethylene oxide to develop a probabilistic characterization of possible regulatory thresholds for ethylene oxide. This analysis was based on the standard regulatory approach for noncancer risk assessment, but involved several innovative elements, such as: (1) the use of advanced statistical methods to account for correlations in developmental outcomes among littermates and allow for simultaneous control of covariates (such as litter size); (2) the application of a probabilistic approach for characterizing the uncertainty in extrapolating the animal results to humans; and (3) the use of a quantitative approach to account for the variation in heterogeneity among the human population. This article presents several classes of results, including: (1) probabilistic characterizations of ED10s for two quantal reproductive outcomes—resorption and fetal death, (2) probabilistic characterizations of one developmental outcome—the dose expected to yield a 5% reduction in fetal (or pup) weight, (3) estimates of the RfCs that would result from using these values in the standard regulatory approach for noncancer risk assessment, and (4) a probabilistic characterization of the level of ethylene oxide exposure that would be expected to yield a 1/1000 increase in the risk of reproductive or developmental outcomes in exposed human populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 2739-2741 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have fabricated a thin film magnetic system consisting of nanoscale Mn11Ge8 ferromagnetic clusters embedded in a MnxGe1−x dilute ferromagnetic semiconductor matrix. The clusters form for growth temperatures of ∼300 °C with an average diameter and spacing of 100 and 150 nm, respectively. While the clusters dominate the magnetic properties, the matrix plays a subtle but interesting role in determining the transport properties. Variable range hopping at low temperatures involves both nanoclusters and MnGe sites, and is accompanied by a negative magnetoresistance attributed in part to spin-dependent scattering analogous to metallic granular systems. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A genetic map was constructed using DNA-based markers in a barley mapping population derived from the cross ‘Tankard’בLivet’, that was developed to explore the genetic control over grain damage in spring barley cultivars. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were located for husk skinning, gape between the lemma and palea and splitting of the fused pericarp/testa/aleurone tissues. The QTL accounted for 70% of the genetic variation in Split and 60% of the genetic variation in Gape and Skinning. The QTL were clustered on chromosomes 1H, 4H, 5H, 6H and 7H. QTL analysis indicates the possibility of transgressive segregation for grain splitting and so the breeding of lines with more extreme splitting. This is of concern to the malting industry as, without extensive phenotypic assessment, such lines could be commercialized, as was the case of Landlord, and put malting barley supplies at risk. These findings are discussed in relation to the genetic control over traits including grain length and width.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 414 (2001), S. 622-625 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Studies of liquids with tetrahedral coordination, particularly during compression or quenching, have indicated the existence of distinct phases in the liquid state, distinguishable by density and local structure. In systems that exhibit critical phenomena in the supercooled state, anomalous ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 423 (2003), S. 858-861 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Komatiites are ultramafic volcanic rocks containing more than 18 per cent MgO (ref. 1) that erupted mainly in the Archaean era (more than 2.5 gigayears ago). Although such compositions occur in later periods of Earth history (for example, the Cretaceous komatiites of Gorgona Island), ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We report the results of an experiment, realized with the EUROBALL IV spectrometer, in which superdeformed (SD) states have been populated in 197,198Pb nuclei. Crosstalk transitions between two signature partner SD bands in 197Pb have been observed with an established M1 character, giving access to the magnetic properties of the $\nu$ [752]5/2 intruder orbital. Six new SD bands have been identified in 197,198Pb. The results are interpreted in the framework of cranked Hartree-Fock calculations. A mixing between quasi-particle excitations and an octupole vibration is suggested in the two SD isotopes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung ¶Die Geochemie der PGE – Subzone in der Selukwe Subchamber, Great Dyke: ein intraformationales Modell für Anreicherung von Platingruppenelementen in geschichteten Intrusionen Die Anreicherungszone von Platinelementen in der Main Sulphide Zone (MSZ) in den Pyroxeniten des Great Dyke entspricht dem Entwicklungsstadium, in dem das Magma an Sulfiden gesättigt wurde. Bisher wurden keine grundsätzlichen Eigenschaften der MSZ erkannt, abgesehen von der Anreicherung der PGE an der Basis der Sulfidzone. Diese Anreicherungszone, die wir hier als PGE Subzone bezeichnen, wie auch die Abfolgen in ihrem Hangenden und im Liegenden enthalten eine Serie von petrologisch und chemisch eindeutig charakterisierten Gesteinsschichten. Diese Erkenntnis beruht auf (a) klaren Pd-Pt-Verhältnissen, (b) der Zyklizität der Pyroxenzusammensetzungen und (c) den Konzentrationen inkompatibler Elemente im Gesamtgestein. Letztere (z.B. Zr) sind eng mit den TiO2-Gehalten der Orthopyroxene verbunden. Die deutliche gegenseitige Abhängigkeit dieser Parameter weist auf einen integrierten primären Prozess für die PGE-Vererzung hin und liefert keine Unterstützung für eine Entstehung, bei der späte metasomatische Fluide PGE in die mineralisierte Zone transportiert haben. Es unterstützt auch nicht frühere Modelle für die MSZ, die auf einer progressiven fraktionalen Trennung von Sulfiden als einem kontinuierlichen Anreicherungsprozess für PGE beruhten. Ein intraformationales Schichtmodell wird hier vorgeschlagen, wobei flüssige Lagen in einem doppelt diffusiven Konvektionssystem aufbrechen und sequentiell in die kristallisierte Zone inkorporiert werden. Dies resultiert in abweichenden chemischen Trends für Silikat-Zusammensetzungen und ebenso auch in einer Extraktion der PGE in Sulfide mit konstanten Pd/Pt-Verhältniszahlen. Reequilibrierung von Pyroxenen wird für jede der Sublayers nachgewiesen, wie auch geringfügige Umverteilung der PGE über die Grenzen der einzelnen Sublayers hinaus.
    Notes: Summary ¶The zone of enrichment of platinum group elements (PGE) in the pyroxenite hosted Main Sulphide Zone (MSZ) of the Great Dyke coincides with the stage at which the magma had become saturated in sulphide. No fundamental characteristics of the MSZ have previously been recognized other than the concentration of PGE at the base of the sulphide zone. This zone of enrichment, referred to here as the PGE Subzone, as well as the footwall and hangingwall sequences to the PGE Subzone, are recognized in this work as comprising a series of petrologically and chemically distinct rock layers. Characterization is on the basis of (a) distinct Pd:Pt ratios, (b) cyclicity in pyroxene compositions and, (c) cyclicity in the concentrations of incompatible elements in the whole rock. The incompatible element contents in whole rocks (eg. Zr) are closely linked with the TiO2 contents of the orthopyroxene. The strong interdependence of these parameters indicates an integrated primary process for the PGE mineralization and does not support an origin by which late stage metasomatising fluids transported PGE into the mineralized zone. It also does not support previous models for the MSZ based on progressive fractional segregation of sulphide as a continuous process extracting PGE. An intraformational layer model is suggested by which liquid layers in a double diffusive convective system break down and become sequentially incorporated into the crystallizing zone resulting in offset chemical trends in silicate compositions together with extraction of PGE into sulphide of effectively constant values for Pd:Pt ratio. Reequilibration of pyroxene is recognized for each of the sublayers as well as minor redistribution of PGE across the boundaries of the sublayers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Acute and chronic toxicity tests were conducted on the herbicide benzofenap (Taipan® 300) using two Australian freshwater invertebrates. The commercial formulation of benzofenap and a blank formulation containing only the adjuvants of Taipan® 300 were tested against final instar larvae of the midge Chironomus tepperi and adults of the aquatic snail Isidorella newcombi. In 24-h acute bioassays the midge larvae did not show significant mortality at a nominal concentration of 1.2 mg/L active ingredient (AI), double the maximum notional concentration expected in rice fields after application of Taipan® 300 at the permit rate of 2 L/ha. No significant snail mortality was recorded in acute bioassays (24-h exposure, 48-h recovery) at nominal concentrations up to 76 mg/L AI, which is over 120 times the maximum notional field concentration. In chronic assays, the pupation and emergence of C. tepperi was monitored after a 4-h pulse exposure of final instar larvae to Taipan® 300 (nominal concentrations 0.001 to 0.1 mg/L AI) and adjuvant-only (0.1 mg/L equivalent) treatments. No statistically significant effects were observed, although emergence appeared to be delayed by higher benzofenap concentrations and by the adjuvant-only treatment. During snail bioassays, egg and feces production were monitored for 21 days after 24-h exposure to Taipan® 300 (nominal concentrations 1.2 mg/L to 60 mg/L AI) and adjuvant-only treatments (60 mg/L equivalent). No significant chronic effects were proven against I. newcombi, despite a decline in egg mass production following exposure to all treatments and a reduction in the total numbers of eggs produced at the highest nominal concentrations tested (60 mg/L AI and adjuvant-only treatments). Similarly, feces production by snail pairs exposed to the majority of treatments declined, but these differences were not statistically significant. It is concluded that Taipan® 300 does not represent a significant risk to mature C. tepperi larvae or adult I. newcombi in downstream environments when applied to rice fields at the permit rate of 2 L/ha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (2000), S. 357-360 
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Cylindrical specimens (dimensions 6 mm diameter×12 mm height) of glass-ionomer and of zinc polycarboxylate dental cement have been stored in aqueous solutions for periods of 24 h, 1 week and 1 month. The solutions were of varying composition and affinity for water, and storage in them resulted in fluctuations in mass of the cements, an effect which was attributed to differences in the partitioning of water between the solutions and the cement specimens. Unlike the zinc polycarboxylate, the glass-ionomer gained mass in most of the solutions examined (except Na2SO4), showing it to have a much greater affinity for water than the zinc polycarboxylate. Despite the fluctuations in water uptake by the glass-ionomer, and loss of water by the zinc polycarboxylate, no statistically significant differences in compressive strength were recorded in any solution at any storage time. This contrasts with results reported previously for zinc polycarboxylates using smaller specimens, showing that specimen size has an influence on the interaction of cements with storage solutions. ©2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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