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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of extreme polyandry: an estimate of mating frequency in two African honeybee subspecies, Apis mellifera monticola and A.m. scutellata (2000)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 47 (2000), S. 364-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Polyandry, Apis mellifera subspecies, population genetics, microsatellite loci.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: Mating frequencies in two related honeybee subspecies Apis mellifera monticola and A. m. scutellata were compared using a set of five microsatellite loci in order to discriminate among the major factors which have affected the evolution of extreme polyandry. We found that the queens of eight A.m. monticola colonies collected from an apiary in Malawi, mated 5-19 times producing an average relatedness among workers of 0.328 ± 0.049. The six A.m. scutellata colonies collected from an apiary in South Africa displayed a significantly larger degree of polyandry, i.e. queens mated 10-25 times and the genetic relatedness among nestmates was 0.283 ± 0.020. The difference in the degree of polyandry observed between the populations suggests that socially based selective pressures are not of primary importance in the evolution of extreme polyandry but that ecological selective pressures play a more significant role. However, exploring the relative contributions of these factors to the variation in levels of polyandry will require the use of colonies in which the level of polyandry is experimentally controlled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00001732
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracolonial demography of the mound-building termite Macrotermes natalensis (Haviland) (Isoptera, Termitidae) in the northern Kruger National Park, South Africa (2000)
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 47 (2000), S. 390-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Termite colonies, caste composition, Termitida, Macrotermes natalensis, Kruger National Park.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: This paper reports on the number of individuals in Macrotermes natalensis (Hav.) colonies of different sized mounds in the northern Kruger National Park. Mounds were fully excavated, termites collected by means of vacuuming, and colony size estimated by sub-sampling. The proportion of termites in the mound (above and underground sections) amounts to more than 70 % of the colony; the rest being present in the surrounding soil (excavated beyond mound perimeter). It was estimated that, on average, small mounds contain more than 5000, medium mounds more than 45000, and large mounds more than 200000 individual termites. A highly significant relationship between total individuals (N) and mound height (h) was found, given by lnN = 7.893 + 1.093h (r = 0.92). Highly significant correlations (r s 〉 0.90) were found between and within caste numbers, and their respective ratios given. The proportion of soldiers was found to change as colonies grew larger.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00001736
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