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  • Springer  (106)
  • EDP Sciences  (23)
  • Springer Nature  (15)
  • Oxford University Press  (14)
  • 2000-2004  (158)
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Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fibrés d'intersection (2000)
    Springer
    Compositio mathematica 124 (2000), S. 219-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-5846
    Keywords: intersection ; intersection bundle ; Noetherian schemes ; Chern classes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let f:X→Sbe a projective morphism of Noetherian schemes. We assume fpurely of relative dimension dand finite Tor-dimensional. We associate to d+1 invertible sheaves $$L{\text{,}}...{\text{,}}L_{d + 1}$$ on Xa line bundle I X/S ( $$L{\text{,}}...{\text{,}}L_{d + 1}$$ ) on Sdepending additively on the $$L_{\text{1}}$$ , commuting to ‘good’ base changes and which represents the integral along the fibres of fof the product of the first Chern classes of the $$L_{\text{1}}$$ . If d=0, I X/S ( $$L$$ ) is the norm N X/S ( $$L$$ ).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026552909918
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Explicit Solutions of Nonconvex Variational Problems in Dimension One (2000)
    Springer
    Applied mathematics & optimization 41 (2000), S. 129-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0606
    Keywords: Key words. Nonconvexity, Young measure solution, Oscillations. AMS Classification. 49J45, 49K24.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. We propose a method of finding the generalized solutions of nonconvex variational problems by solving an appropriate differential inclusion that is motivated by necessary conditions of optimality for such generalized minimizers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002459911007
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-walled carbon nanotubes formation with a continuous CO2-laser: experiments and theory (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 161-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.05.Tp; 51.10.+y; 34.10.+x
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. It has been proved [1] that the use of a CO2-laser system operating in continuous wave mode (cw) can be efficiently used for the production of carbon single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs). In this article we first describe in detail the variable experimental conditions (different ambient gases, static gas pressure, and gas flow) for SWNT formation and summarize the results of the characterization studies of the synthesized materials. Second, we analyze the influence of the different experimental conditions on the SWNTs formation process. We show that the heat transport, kinetic, and diffusion processes allow us to explain seemingly different formation conditions in a qualitative and semi-quantitative agreement with the experimental results. The presented self-consistent scenario for nanotube formation in a gas phase allowed us to propose future experiments on testing the mechanism of nanotube formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050028
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CdTe epilayers for uses in optical waveguides (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 71 (2000), S. 277-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 78.66.Hf; 42.82.Et
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. CdTe epilayers have been grown by vapor phase epitaxy (VPE) on glass, MgO, sapphire, LiNbO3 and mica substrates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies show the good structural quality of the epilayers. In these epilayers, a few optical modes were excited with a 1.33-μm laser. The measured propagation losses were in the range between 5 dB/cm and less than 0.5 dB/cm. From dark-mode m-lines, the epilayer thickness was found to be in the 1–3 μm range, in good accord with that obtained by SEM measurements. The refractive index obtained from the fitting is also in good accord with that of bulk CdTe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390000510
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-walled carbon nanotubes produced by cw CO2-laser ablation: study of parameters important for their formation (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 70 (2000), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.05.Tp; 81.10.Bk; 61.48.+c
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The production of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) using the cw CO2-laser ablation technique is reported. Different metals and metal concentrations in the carbon targets as well as different buffer gases and gas pressures have been used in order to study their influence on the formation of SWNTs. It is shown that the conditions near the evaporation zone, i.e. especially the local temperature environment induced by the laser radiation as well as the used metals play a key role in the formation process of SWNTs. Employing a very simple experimental setup the cw CO2-laser ablation technique easily provides the environment favorable for the growth of high quality SWNT material under a wide range of experimental conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050026
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-volatile analysis in fruits by laser resonant ionization spectrometry: application to resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene) in grapes (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 71 (2000), S. 601-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 42.62.Fi; 82.80.Ms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A laser desorption (LD) coupled with resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionisation (REMPI) and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) technique for non-volatile trace analysis compounds is presented. Essential features are: (a) an enhanced desorption yield due to the mixing of metal powder with the analyte in the sample preparation, (b) a high resolution, great sensitivity and low detection limit due to laser resonant ionisation and mass spectrometry detection. Application to resveratrol content in grapes demonstrated the capability of the analytical method with a sensitivity of 0.2 pg per single laser shot and a detection limit of 5 ppb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400000380
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interplay of orbital forcing and tectonic pulses in the Cambrian Iberian platform, NE Spain (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 89 (2000), S. 366-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Key words Cyclicity ; Tectonism ; Palaeogeography ; Iberian Chains ; Cambrian
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The stratigraphy of carbonate/shale couplets, cycles and cycle-stacking patterns in a Cambrian shallow water platform (Iberian Chains, NE Spain) are related to sea-level changes driven by orbital forcing and by tectonic pulses. The interplay of both effects can be discriminated in the Iberian fault-controlled platform, in which the tectonic activity can be analysed by accurate and detailed biostratigraphic correlations based on trilobite zonation. The stratigraphic hierarchy of rhythmically interbedded limestones and shales, in two coeval but structurally separated geodynamic settings, yields cycle ratios of 1.44 :1. This ratio is supported by time thickness and spectral analysis, which is based on a graphic method of analysis: the Map of Grey Lines. The cycle ratio seems to be evidence for orbital forcing by obliquity and precession cycles predicted for early Paleozoic time. Carbonate/shale couplets, the smallest rhythmic units recognisable in the field, represent short-term, periodic fluctuations in supply of terrigenous sediments and carbonate productivity of uncertain origin, which could be associated with one of several harmonics of the former orbital cycles. The pulsating tectonic activity was approximated by using a quantitative analysis of tectonically induced subsidence (Shaw method). Recurrence frequencies of tectonic pulses were estimated and dated by biostratigraphy. As a result, tectonic disturbances in the Cambrian Iberian platform show an episodic periodicity comparable to that of orbital eccentricity cycles, which could mask their recognition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310000091
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical factors in chitin production by fermentation of shrimp biowaste (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 808-813 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Factors affecting Lactobacillus fermentation of shrimp waste for chitin and protein liquor production were determined. The objective of the fermentation is medium conditioning by Lactobacillus through production of proteases and lowering of the pH. The efficiency was tested by conducting fermentation of biowaste in 1-l beakers with or without pH adjustment using different acids. Addition of 5% glucose to the biowaste supported the growth of lactic acid bacteria and led to better fermentation. Among four acids tested to control pH at the start and during fermentation, acetic acid and citric acid proved to be the most effective. In biowaste fermented with 6.7% L. plantarum inoculum, 5% glucose, and pH 6.0 adjusted with acetic acid, 75% deproteination and 86% demineralization was achieved. Replacement of acetic acid by citric acid gave 88% deproteination and 90% demineralization. The fermentation carried out in the presence of acetic acid resulted in a protein fraction that smelled good and a clean chitin fraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000449
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Penaeidins, a family of antimicrobial peptides from penaeid shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda) (2000)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 57 (2000), S. 1260-1271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Crustacean; shrimp; innate immunity; antimicrobial peptides; structure; activity spectrum; blood cells; expression.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The production of antimicrobial peptides represents a first-line host defense mechanism of innate immunity that is widespread in nature. Only recently such effectors were isolated in crustacean species, whereas numerous antimicrobial peptides have been characterized from other arthropods, both insects and chelicerates. This review presents findings on a family of antimicrobial peptides, named penaeidins, isolated from the shrimp Penaeus vannamei. Their structure and antimicrobial properties as well as their immune function will be discussed through analyses of penaeidin gene expression and peptide distribution upon microbial challenge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000764
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The metencephalic floor plate of chick embryos expresses two secretory glycoproteins homologous with the two glycoproteins secreted by the subcommissural organ (2000)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 113 (2000), S. 415-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The nature and the function of the compounds secreted by the floor plate (FP) of the metencephalon are little known. The FP cells of the hindbrain react with antibodies (AFRU) against the glycoproteins secreted by the subcommissural organ (SCO). One of the these proteins, RF-Gly I, is a 540-kDa core glycosylated protein. The aims of the present investigation were to identify by immunoblot the AFRU-immunoreactive compound secreted by the FP of chick embryos, to establish temporal and regional patterns of this secretory activity, and to obtain information about the fate of these compounds. It was established that the SCO and FP of chick embryos secrete two AFRU-immunoreactive compounds of 540 and 230 kDa. The two compounds secreted by the FP have been designated as FP-Gly I and FP-Gly II. The expression of these proteins was circumscribed to the metencephalic FP, and occurred from HH 29 to HH 36. Within the FP cells, FP-Gly I and FP-Gly II were confined to the supranuclear and apical regions, which under the electron microscope displayed numerous cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and granules. Aggregates of AFRU-immunoreactive material appeared on the free surface of the FP. The possibility that FP-Gly I and FP-Gly II are released into the ventricle to reach distant targets is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180000136
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